Possible Association Between Behçet's Disease and Periodontal Diseases

NCT07821528 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: Gazi2590160043
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 87
• Locations: 0 countries
• Sites: N/A

Brief Summary

Aim: This study explores the connection between Behçet's disease (BD), characterized by persistent oral and genital ulcers alongside iritis, and periodontal disease. It examines the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and nitric oxide (NO) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva. Methods: Forty Behçet's patients with gingivitis or periodontitis and 47 patients with either gingivitis or periodontitis but without BD were studied. Periodontal status was recorded with standard clinical indexes. GCF and saliva samples were obtained. NO, IL-1β and TNF-α levels were analysed. Current Behçet's symptoms and medications usage were recorded.

Conditions

Behcet Syndrome; Periodontitis; Gingival Diseases

Keywords

Gingival crevicular fluid; Saliva; Cytokine

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• The amount of salivary interleukin-1 beta, TNF alpha, Nitric Oxide

  Saliva sampling was performed before the periodontal examination and GCF collection. For each patient, unstimulated whole mixed saliva was collected using a modified method. Participants were asked to rinse her/his mouth with water for a minute, 10 min before the sampling. The saliva samples were collected into a sterile plastic container for 5 min.

  baseline

• The amount of gingival crevicular fluid interleukin-1 beta, TNF alpha, Nitric Oxide

  The gingival crevicular fluid sampling site was gently air dried and supragingival plaque was removed. The area was carefully isolated with cotton rolls in order to prevent from contamination. Standardized paper strips (Periopaper, OraFlow, Amityville, NY, USA) were inserted into the sulcus until slight resistance was felt and left in place for 30 seconds.

  baseline

Study Arms (4)

Behçet's patients with gingivitis

26 patients Gingivitis was diagnosed as according to a BOP score ≥ 10%, without attachment loss and radiographic bone loss

Diagnostic Test: Periodontal clinical indexes, saliva, gingival crevicular fluid sampling

Behçet's patients with periodontitis

14 patients Periodontitis was diagnosed with a severity of Stage II, pocket depth 3-4 mm and Stage III, pocket depth ≥5 mm, a generalized pattern according to the criteria by the criteria 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions. Patients were diagnosed according to the International Criteria for Behçet's Disease (ICBD). ICBD is based on ocular lesions, genital ulcers, oral aphthous ulcers, skin manifestations, vascular involvement and positive pathergy test. Systemic involvement associated with BD, current symptoms and the use of any systemic medications were recorded.

Diagnostic Test: Periodontal clinical indexes, saliva, gingival crevicular fluid sampling

Systemically Healthy patients with gingivitis

24 patients Gingivitis was diagnosed as according to a BOP score ≥ 10%, without attachment loss and radiographic bone loss Patients were diagnosed according to the International Criteria for Behçet's Disease (ICBD). ICBD is based on ocular lesions, genital ulcers, oral aphthous ulcers, skin manifestations, vascular involvement and positive pathergy test. Systemic involvement associated with BD, current symptoms and the use of any systemic medications were recorded.

Diagnostic Test: Periodontal clinical indexes, saliva, gingival crevicular fluid sampling

Systemically Healthy patients with periodontitis

23 patients Periodontitis was diagnosed with a severity of Stage II, pocket depth 3-4 mm and Stage III, pocket depth ≥5 mm, a generalized pattern according to the criteria by the criteria 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases and Conditions.

Diagnostic Test: Periodontal clinical indexes, saliva, gingival crevicular fluid sampling

Interventions

Periodontal clinical indexes, saliva, gingival crevicular fluid sampling DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

Behçet's patients with gingivitis; Behçet's patients with periodontitis; Systemically Healthy patients with gingivitis; Systemically Healthy patients with periodontitis

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 21 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

The participants were divided into 4 groups; systemically healthy patients with gingivitis (HG), systemically healthy patients with periodontitis (HP), BD patients with gingivitis (BG), and BD patients with periodontitis (BP).

You may qualify if:

• No systemic diseases for the controls
• Aged 21 years older
• A diagnosis of Behcet disease according to the diagnostic criteria
• Presence at least 20 natural teeth
• Ability to undergo a full mouth periodontal examination
• Availability of clinical information regarding Behcet disease duration, disease activity, organ involvement, current medications

You may not qualify if:

• Other autoimmun systemic diseases
• Pregnancy and lactation
• Periodontal treatment within the previous 3-6 months Use of antibiotics within the previous 3 months
• Fewer than 20 teeth

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Gazi University: lead

Related Publications (2)

• Akman A, Ekinci NC, Kacaroglu H, Yavuzer U, Alpsoy E, Yegin O. Relationship between periodontal findings and specific polymorphisms of interleukin-1alpha and -1beta in Turkish patients with Behcet's disease. Arch Dermatol Res. 2008 Jan;300(1):19-26. doi: 10.1007/s00403-007-0794-1. Epub 2007 Oct 25.

  PMID: 17960403 RESULT

• Mumcu G, Ergun T, Inanc N, Fresko I, Atalay T, Hayran O, Direskeneli H. Oral health is impaired in Behcet's disease and is associated with disease severity. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2004 Aug;43(8):1028-33. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keh236. Epub 2004 May 25.

  PMID: 15161982 RESULT

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Behcet Syndrome; Periodontitis; Gingival Diseases

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Mouth Diseases; Stomatognathic Diseases; Uveitis, Anterior; Panuveitis; Uveitis; Uveal Diseases; Eye Diseases; Vasculitis; Vascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Hereditary Autoinflammatory Diseases; Genetic Diseases, Inborn; Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities; Skin Diseases, Genetic; Skin Diseases; Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases; Skin Diseases, Vascular; Periodontal Diseases

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: CASE CONTROL
• Time Perspective: CROSS SECTIONAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 19, 2024
• First Posted: September 16, 2026
• Study Start: February 16, 2016
• Primary Completion: February 16, 2018
• Study Completion: February 18, 2019
• Last Updated: September 16, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-09