NCT07589985

Brief Summary

Observational cohort of adults with acute and chronic hepatitis B infection in Zambia, with and without HIV coinfection. Participants join the study at the time of diagnosis and before or at the time when they are starting antiviral treatments and then they are followed up over multiple years to assess changes to their liver and evolution of HBV (and HIV if applicable) infection. All treatments for HBV and HIV are standard per local Ministry of Health guidelines.

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
390

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for all trials

Timeline
52mo left

Started Sep 2020

Longer than P75 for all trials

Geographic Reach
1 country

3 active sites

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress57%
Sep 2020Aug 2030

Study Start

First participant enrolled

September 28, 2020

Completed
5.4 years until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

February 5, 2026

Completed
3 months until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

May 15, 2026

Completed
3.3 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

August 31, 2029

Expected
1 year until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

August 31, 2030

Last Updated

May 15, 2026

Status Verified

January 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

8.9 years

First QC Date

February 5, 2026

Last Update Submit

May 9, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

HBV/HIV coinfectionHBV immunologyLiver samplingAfricaTenofovirT cell immunologyOmics analysisAcute HBV infectionLiver immunology

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Change in Intrahepatic Immune Cell Subset Frequencies

    Percentage of immune cell subsets (CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, NK cells, Macrophages, and Neutrophils) among total liver immune cells as measured by single-cell RNA sequencing. Comparisons will be made between acute and chronic HBV infection, with and without HIV coinfection, and before and after nucleoside analog antiviral therapy.

    Baseline and 1 year

  • Number of Differentially Expressed Hepatic Genes Associated with HBsAg Reduction/Loss

    Count of genes showing differential expression (fold change ≥2.0, adjusted p-value \<0.05) by single-cell RNA sequencing in liver biopsies from participants achieving HBsAg loss compared to those without HBsAg loss. Gene expression will be analyzed at baseline (predictive analysis), longitudinally (trajectory analysis), and at end of follow-up. Analysis will include comparison across acute vs. chronic HBV infection and with vs. without HIV coinfection.

    Baseline and 1 year

Secondary Outcomes (4)

  • HBV viral suppression

    Baseline, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, and 5 years

  • HIV viral suppression

    Baseline, 1 year, 2 years, 3 years, 4 years, and 5 years

  • HBsAg seroclearance

    Through study completion, an average of 5 years

  • HBeAg seroconversion

    Through study completion, an average of 5 years

Study Arms (5)

Treatment-naive chronic HBV monoinfection and eligible for antiviral therapy

Adults who are HBsAg-positive, HIV-positive, eligible for HBV antiviral therapy and has not yet or just started taking therapy

Treatment-naive acute HBV monoinfection

Adults who are HBsAg-positive, HIV-negative, and have the syndrome of acute hepatitis

Treatment-naive HBV/HIV coinfection

Adults who are both HBsAg and HIV positive, and are not yet or just started taking HBV-active ART

Treatment-experienced HBV/HIV coinfection with persistent HBsAg-emia

Adults with HBV/HIV coinfection and persistent HBsAg-emia after at least 4 years of HBV-active ART

Treatment-experienced HBV infection with HBsAg loss

Adults with and without HIV coinfection who have a documented history of chronic HBV infection that subsequently resolved (i.e., HBsAg loss) during antiviral therapy

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
Sampling MethodNon-Probability Sample
Study Population

This study will occur in Lusaka, Zambia, which has 12% adult HIV prevalence and \~4% adult HBsAg-positivity. Both HIV and HBV treatment are free and provided through the Ministry of Health. Tenofovir-based therapies are used for HBV monoinfection and HBV/HIV coinfection. Potential participants will be recruited from Ministry of Health (i.e., public sector) clinics at study sites including from a pool of participants in past HBV research projects. There are a 5 groups of participants we seek to enroll in the study, to facilitate addressing the scientific goals of the cohort.

You may qualify if:

  • Group 1 (rx-naive chronic hbv mono): 18+ years old, HBsAg-positive, HIV-negative, eligible for tenofovir-based therapy, reports taking therapy no more than 7 days (could have previously taken if has stopped \>1 year ago).
  • Group 2 (acute hbv mono): 18+ years old, HBsAg-positive, HIV-negative, acute/subacute onset of hepatitis signs and symptoms and ALT \>10 times upper limit of normal
  • Group 3 (rx-naive hbv/hiv coinfection): 18+ years old, HBsAg-positive, HIV-negative, eligible for tenofovir-based therapy, reports taking therapy no more than 7 days (could have previously taken if has stopped \>1 year ago).
  • Group 4 (rx-experienced coinfection with hbv persistence): 18+ years old, history of chronic HBV infection based on two tests 6 months apart, HIV-positive, at least 4 years of tenofovir-based antiviral therapy, currently HBsAg-positive
  • Group 5 (hbsag loss): 18+ years old, HIV-positive or negative, history of chronic HBV infection based on two tests 6 months apart, Currently HBsAg-negative confirmed by sensitive assay

You may not qualify if:

  • Hepatitis C coinfection (antibody-positive and RNA-positive), current or recent (past 6 weeks) pregnancy, decompensated cirrhosis on physical examination, unlikely to remain in Lusaka for study duration

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (3)

Kanyama Level 1 Hospital

Lusaka, Zambia

RECRUITING

Matero Level 1 Hospital

Lusaka, Zambia

RECRUITING

University Teaching Hospital

Lusaka, Zambia

RECRUITING

Related Publications (5)

  • Vinikoor MJ, Hamusonde K, Muula G, Asombang M, Riebensahm C, Chitundu H, Sunkuntu-Sichizya V, Bhattacharya D, Sinkala E, Lauer G, Chung R, Mbewe W, Egger M, Bosomprah S, Wandeler G. Long-term Hepatitis B and Liver Outcomes Among Adults Taking Tenofovir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy for HBV/HIV Coinfection in Zambia. Clin Infect Dis. 2024 Jun 14;78(6):1583-1590. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciad654.

    PMID: 37997691BACKGROUND
  • Chihota BV, Wandeler G, Chilengi R, Mulenga L, Chung RT, Bhattacharya D, Egger M, Vinikoor MJ. High Rates of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Functional Cure Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-HBV Coinfected Patients on Antiretroviral Therapy in Zambia. J Infect Dis. 2020 Jan 2;221(2):218-222. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiz450.

    PMID: 31613956BACKGROUND
  • Muula GK, Bosomprah S, Sinkala E, Nsokolo B, Musonda T, Hamusonde K, Bhattacharya D, Lauer G, Chung RT, Mulenga LB, Wandeler G, Vinikoor MJ. Hepatitis B viral replication markers and hepatic fibrosis in untreated chronic hepatitis B virus infection with and without HIV coinfection in Zambia. AIDS. 2023 Nov 1;37(13):2015-2020. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000003659. Epub 2023 Jul 17.

    PMID: 37467044BACKGROUND
  • Vinikoor MJ, Walker A, Nsokolo B, Musonda T, Muula G, Michailidis E, Wandeler G, Alatrakchi N, Kelly P, Damagnez M, Le DB, Voges A, Lubke N, Kanunga A, Bosomprah S, Bhattacharya D, Chibundi C, Bwalya G, Musukuma-Chifulo K, Suslov A, Feuerherd M, Heim MH, Schwartz RE, Chung RT, Lauer G, Sinkala E, Timm J. Whole-Genome Sequencing of Hepatitis B Virus Genotypes E and A in Zambia Reveals Limited Viral Diversity in HIV Coinfection. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2025 Oct 1;12(11):ofaf616. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofaf616. eCollection 2025 Nov.

  • Musonda T, Wallace MS, Patel H, Martin OP, Oetheimer C, Mwakamui S, Sinkala E, Nsokolo B, Kanunga A, Lauer G, Chung RT, Wandeler G, Bhattacharya D, Kelly P, Alatrakchi N, Vinikoor MJ. New Window Into Hepatitis B in Africa: Liver Sampling Combined With Single-Cell Omics Enables Deep and Longitudinal Assessment of Intrahepatic Immunity in Zambia. J Infect Dis. 2024 Nov 15;230(5):e1171-e1175. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiae054.

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Hepatitis B

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Blood-Borne InfectionsCommunicable DiseasesInfectionsHepadnaviridae InfectionsDNA Virus InfectionsVirus DiseasesHepatitis, Viral, HumanHepatitisLiver DiseasesDigestive System Diseases

Study Officials

  • Michael Vinikoor, MD

    University of Alabama at Birmingham

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Michael J Vinikoor, MD

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
COHORT
Time Perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor of Medicine

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

February 5, 2026

First Posted

May 15, 2026

Study Start

September 28, 2020

Primary Completion (Estimated)

August 31, 2029

Study Completion (Estimated)

August 31, 2030

Last Updated

May 15, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-01

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

All study results and anonymized participant data will be made publicly-available. The timing will be based on when analysis is completed and results are disseminated. The study also will adhere to Zambian laws around data protection and sharing.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, ICF
Time Frame
Supporting information will be made available at study completion. IPD will be made available after completion of primary outcome analyses. We expect primary outcomes analyses will be completed in 2027, 2028, and 2029.
Access Criteria
During the study, only staff in Zambia and collaborating investigators will have access to IPD and supporting information. After the end of the study, this will be gradually made publicly available.

Locations