Effects of Jump Rope on Navicular Drop in Down Syndrome

NCT07428863 | Recruiting DMC

• 1 other identifier: REC/RCR&AHS/MEHAKTAHREEM
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 32
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

foot posture in children with Down syndrome. The current study will be randomized control trial, data will be collected from Tanzeem ul Lissan School FSD, Children Hospital FSD and Allied Hospital FSD. The study will include 32 patients equally divided into two groups and randomly allocated. Inclusion criteria for the study will be Children between the age of 4 to 15 years with navicular drop and prone foot. Patients with visual or auditory impairment, lower limb trauma, recent Surgical Intervention on lower limb will be excluded from the study. Experimental group will perform jumping rope combined with play activities and control group will be given play activities. Data collection will be done before and after the intervention. Tools used for data collection will be Navicular Drop Test and Foot Posture Index .Data will be analyzed through SPSS version 23.00.

Conditions

Down Syndrome

Keywords

Down Syndrome; foot muscle deformities; navicular drop; play activities; jumping rope; foot posture

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• foot posture index-6

  The patient should be instructed to stand still, with their arms by the side and looking straight ahead.

  30 minutes per session 5 days a week for six weeks.

• navicular drop test

  Navicular Drop Test (NDT) using a ruler or digital caliper.Measures the difference in navicular height between sitting (non-weight-bearing) and standing (weight-bearing) positions.

  30 minutes per session 5 days a week for six weeks.

Study Arms (2)

Group A:

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Group A will perform jumping rope combined with play activities. The program will focus on strengthening and improving the functionality of foot and ankle muscles, promoting better balance and posture. The program will include jumping rope and play activities (one-leg hopping game, walking games on toes, reverse rope walk, straight rope walk, bottle rolling walk, pick and drop game) and these games will be performed to improve the arch, muscle strength, and endurance of foot muscles. The intensity of the jumping rope and play activities will gradually be increased depending on the patient's improvement in activity performance by decreasing the amount or degree of passive support, changing the patient's position, and adjusting the sets and repetitions of activities. Duration period to perform the activities is for 30 mint per session 5 days a week for six weeks.

Other: jumping rope and play activities

group B

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Group B will perform Play Activities .Play Activites are all dynamic activities commonly used to improve balance, coordination, and foot function, especially in children. These exercises engage various muscles of the lower limbs, improving proprioception, stability, and strength. For children with foot postural deviations like navicular drop, these activities can help reduce excessive pronation and strengthen the foot's arch. Duration period to perform the excercises is for 30 mint per session 5 days a week for six weeks.Data will be assessed by assessor at baseline and at the end o of treatment (Pre and post).

Other: play activities

Interventions

jumping rope and play activities OTHER

jumping rope will focus on strengthening and improving the functionality of foot and ankle muscles, promoting better balance and posture. jumping rope and play activities (one-leg hopping game,walking games on toes, reverse rope walk, straight rope walk, bottle rolling walk,pick and drop game) and these games will be performed to improve the arch, muscle strength, and endurance of foot muscles. The intensity of the jumping rope and play activities will gradually be increased depending on the patient's improvement in activity performance by decreasing the amount or degree of passive support, changing the patient's position, and adjusting the sets and repetitions of activities.

Group A:

play activities OTHER

Group B will perform Play Activities .Play Activites are all dynamic activities commonly used to improve balance, coordination, and foot function, especially in children. These exercises engage various muscles of the lower limbs, improving proprioception, stability, and strength. For children with foot postural deviations like navicular drop, these activities can help reduce excessive pronation and strengthen the foot's arch. Duration period to perform the excercises is for 30 mint per session 5 days a week for six weeks.Data will be assessed by assessor at baseline and at the end o of treatment (Pre and post).

group B

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 4 Years - 15 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)

You may qualify if:

• age of 4 to 15 years
• navicular drop
• prone foot
• Acute musculoskeletal injuries
• Normal: 5-10 mm
• Excessive Drop: \>10 mm (indicating possible flatfoot)
• Minimal Drop: \<5 mm (indicating a higher arch)

You may not qualify if:

• visual or auditory impairment
• lower limb trauma
• recent Surgical Intervention on lower limb
• Non- compliance and behavioral issue
• Inability to participate

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Riphah International University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Model Town Football Club [Recruiting]

Lahore, Punjab Province, 54000, Pakistan

RECRUITING

Related Publications (1)

• Shultz SJ, Carcia CR, Gansneder BM, Perrin DH. The independent and interactive effects of navicular drop and quadriceps angle on neuromuscular responses to a weight-bearing perturbation. J Athl Train. 2006 Jul-Sep;41(3):251-9.

  PMID: 17043692 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Down Syndrome

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Intellectual Disability; Neurobehavioral Manifestations; Neurologic Manifestations; Nervous System Diseases; Abnormalities, Multiple; Congenital Abnormalities; Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities; Chromosome Disorders; Genetic Diseases, Inborn

Study Officials

• Adil Munir, MS-PT

  Study Principal Investigator Riphah International University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

IMRAN AMJAD, Ph.D

CONTACT

9233224390125; imran.amjad@riphah.edu.pk

Muhammad Asif Javed, MS-PT

CONTACT

923224209422; a.javed@riphah.edu.pk

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Model Details: The current study will be randomized control trial, data will be collected from Tanzeem ul Lissan School FSD, Children Hospital FSD and Allied Hospital FSD. The study will include 32 patients equally divided into two groups and randomly allocated. Inclusion criteria for the study will be Children between the age of 4 to 15 years with navicular drop and prone foot. Patients with visual or auditory impairment, lower limb trauma, recent Surgical Intervention on lower limb will be excluded from the study. Experimental group will perform jumping rope combined with play activities and control group will be given play activities. Data collection will be done before and after the intervention. Tools used for data collection will be Navicular Drop Test and Foot Posture Index.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 17, 2025
• First Posted: February 24, 2026
• Study Start: October 28, 2025
• Primary Completion: February 20, 2026
• Study Completion: February 23, 2026
• Last Updated: February 24, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-02

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

PA (1)