Impact of Presentation Sequence on Patient Tooth Shade Selection

NCT07370545 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 2/5/1/175
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 210
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study is a clinical trial designed to understand how the way a dentist presents tooth color options affects a patient's final choice for their dental treatment. The insvestigators know that patients often prefer lighter, "bleached" shades, but the process of choosing can be influenced by the order in which the shades are shown. The insvestigators will randomly dividing participants into three groups. One group will see natural shades first, followed by bleached shades. A second group will see bleached shades first, followed by natural shades. The third group will see all shades at once. The main goal is to measure how often patients change their mind (switch their choice) and by how much (the "jump" in lightness) depending on the order of presentation. The insvestigators will also use a questionnaire to see if a patient's self-consciousness about their smile affects how light of a shade they choose. The results will help dentists improve communication and ensure patients are truly satisfied with their final aesthetic decision.

Conditions

Shade Match; Teeth Color; Patient Preference; Aesthetic Perception

Keywords

Patient Preference; shade guide; teeth color; shade selection

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Final Shade Selection (L* Value)

  The lightness (L\*) value of the final tooth shade selected by the patient using the VITA 3D-Master guide. The VITA 3D-Master tabs will be converted to CIE Lab\* coordinates based on established conversion tables. This measure assesses the final aesthetic preference across the three randomized groups.

  At the time of shade selection (Day 1)

• Switching Frequency

  The percentage of participants in the sequential groups (Group A and Group B) who change their initial shade selection after the second range of shade tabs is introduced. This measures the stability of the initial choice and the susceptibility to presentation bias.

  At the time of shade selection (Day 1)

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Magnitude of Shade Change (Delta L*)

  At the time of shade selection (Day 1)

• Psychosocial Impact Correlation (PIDAQ)

  Baseline (Day 1)

• Patient-Clinician Discrepancy (Delta E00)

  At the time of shade selection (Day 1)

• Objective Color Discrepancy (Delta E00)

  At the time of shade selection (Day 1)

Study Arms (3)

Group A: Sequential Presentation (Natural then Bleached)

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this arm will undergo a two-phase shade selection process. In Phase 1, they will select their preferred tooth shade from the natural range of the VITA 3D-Master shade guide (1M1 to 5M3). In Phase 2, the bleached shade tabs (0M1 to 0M3) will be introduced, and participants will be asked if they wish to maintain or alter their initial selection. The final choice and the magnitude of change (Delta L\*) will be recorded.

Behavioral: Sequential Shade Presentation (Natural to Bleached)

Group B: Sequential Presentation (Bleached then Natural)

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants in this arm will undergo a two-phase shade selection process. In Phase 1, they will select their preferred tooth shade from the bleached range of the VITA 3D-Master shade guide (0M1 to 0M3). In Phase 2, the full natural range (1M1 to 5M3) will be introduced, and participants will be asked if they wish to maintain or alter their initial selection. This arm serves to measure the "order effect" in the opposite direction of Group A.

Behavioral: Sequential Shade Presentation (Bleached to Natural)

Group C: Simultaneous Presentation (Full Range)

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants in this arm will undergo a single-phase shade selection process. They will be presented with the full range of the VITA 3D-Master shade guide, including both natural (1M1 to 5M3) and bleached (0M1 to 0M3) tabs, simultaneously. This arm serves as the control baseline to determine patient preference in the absence of sequential presentation bias.

Behavioral: Simultaneous Shade Presentation (Full Range)

Interventions

Sequential Shade Presentation (Natural to Bleached) BEHAVIORAL

Participants are first presented with the natural range of the VITA 3D-Master shade guide (1M1-5M3) to select an initial preference. Following this, the bleached shade tabs (0M1-0M3) are introduced, and participants are invited to finalize their choice. This procedure measures the "pull" toward lighter shades when introduced as a secondary option.

Group A: Sequential Presentation (Natural then Bleached)

Sequential Shade Presentation (Bleached to Natural) BEHAVIORAL

Participants are first presented with the bleached range of the VITA 3D-Master shade guide (0M1-0M3) to select an initial preference. Following this, the full natural range (1M1-5M3) is introduced, and participants are invited to finalize their choice. This procedure measures the stability of the bleached shade preference when natural alternatives are subsequently provided.

Group B: Sequential Presentation (Bleached then Natural)

Simultaneous Shade Presentation (Full Range) BEHAVIORAL

Participants are presented with the complete VITA 3D-Master shade guide, including both natural (1M1-5M3) and bleached (0M1-0M3) tabs, in a single session. Participants select their preferred shade from the entire range simultaneously. This serves as the control method to establish baseline preference without sequential bias.

Group C: Simultaneous Presentation (Full Range)

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Adult patients aged 18 years or older.
• Seeking aesthetic dental treatment (e.g., anterior restorations, veneers, or tooth bleaching).
• Possessing at least one sound, non-restored maxillary central incisor (tooth #8 or #9) to serve as a reference for objective shade measurement.
• Ability to understand the study procedures and provide written informed consent.
• Fluent in the language of the study (Arabic/English) to complete the psychosocial questionnaire (PIDAQ).

You may not qualify if:

• Congenital or acquired color vision deficiencies (screened using the Ishihara test).
• Cognitive impairments or psychological conditions that may affect decision-making or the ability to complete questionnaires.
• Extensive existing restorations, crowns, or severe intrinsic staining (e.g., tetracycline staining) on the maxillary anterior teeth.
• Active periodontal disease or poor oral hygiene that may interfere with accurate shade assessment.
• Previous history of professional tooth bleaching within the last 6 months.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Jordan: lead

Study Sites (1)

Univeristy of Jordan Hospital, Dental Department

Amman, Jordan

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Patient Preference

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Patient Satisfaction; Treatment Adherence and Compliance; Health Behavior; Behavior

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: TRIPLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Clinical Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 17, 2026
• First Posted: January 27, 2026
• Study Start: January 26, 2026
• Primary Completion: March 5, 2026
• Study Completion: March 5, 2026
• Last Updated: March 9, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-03

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Shared Documents: STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF, CSR

Locations

JO (1)