NCT07361835

Brief Summary

This research is a randomized controlled study designed to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of a video-based virtual reality (VR) simulation for prehospital intervention training of crush syndrome for paramedic students. The study aims to examine the impact of VR simulation on knowledge levels, satisfaction, and sense of presence among second-year first and emergency aid students at Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University.

Trial Health

43
At Risk

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial has exceeded expected completion date
Enrollment
61

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Feb 2026

Shorter than P25 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
not yet recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

January 12, 2026

Completed
11 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

January 23, 2026

Completed
9 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

February 1, 2026

Completed
2 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

April 1, 2026

Completed
1 month until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 1, 2026

Completed
Last Updated

January 23, 2026

Status Verified

January 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

2 months

First QC Date

January 12, 2026

Last Update Submit

January 21, 2026

Conditions

Virtual RealityEmergency Medical ServicesDisaster MedicineRhabdomyolysisCrush Injuries

Keywords

Prehospital CareParamedicsSimulation TrainingVirtual Reality Simulation

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Prehospital crush syndrome knowledge level

    The knowledge level of participants is measured using the full 'prehospital crush syndrome knowledge level scale'. The scale consists of 32 items covering four sub-dimensions: general knowledge (12 items), treatment (9 items), transport (6 items), and advanced knowledge (5 items). Each correct answer is scored as 1 point, while incorrect or 'no idea' answers are scored as 0. The total score ranges from a minimum of 0 to a maximum of 32. A higher total score indicates a better understanding and a higher knowledge level of prehospital crush syndrome management.

    Baseline (pre-test) and immediately after the training session (post-test).

Secondary Outcomes (4)

  • Educational satisfaction level

    Immediately after completion of the training intervention.

  • Sense of presence in virtual environment

    Immediately after completion of the virtual reality training session

  • Technology usage level

    Baseline (pre-test)

  • Attitude toward virtual reality in education

    Immediately after completion of the training session

Study Arms (2)

Virtual reality-based crush syndrome training

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants receive scenario-based three-dimensional virtual reality simulation training for prehospital crush syndrome management using a head-mounted display.

Device: Virtual reality-based crush syndrome training

Traditional classroom-based theoretical lecture

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants receive traditional classroom-based theoretical education for prehospital crush syndrome management.

Other: Traditional theoretical lecture

Interventions

Traditional theoretical lectureOTHER

Conventional theoretical classroom instruction on prehospital crush syndrome assessment and management.

Traditional classroom-based theoretical lecture
Virtual reality-based crush syndrome trainingDEVICE

A scenario-based three-dimensional virtual reality training program focusing on prehospital crush syndrome assessment and management.

Virtual reality-based crush syndrome training

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Being a second-year student currently enrolled in the first and emergency aid program at Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University.
  • Voluntarily providing written informed consent to participate in the study. Having basic technological literacy to use virtual reality equipment.

You may not qualify if:

  • First-year students who have not yet reached the relevant stage of the curriculum.
  • Students who have previously participated in a similar virtual reality-based crush syndrome simulation.
  • Students with medical conditions that may be aggravated by VR use (e.g., severe motion sickness, history of seizures).
  • Refusal to participate voluntarily.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Fethiye Health Services Vocational School

Muğla, 48300, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (3)

  • English: Gunduz, F., & Ersoy, G. (2022). Knowledge levels of 112 ambulance service employees regarding field treatment of crush syndrome: Izmir province example. Journal of Prehospital, 7(1), 37-50.

    BACKGROUND

  • English: Panus, U. (2023). Development of an education program to increase the level of knowledge about crush syndrome in paramedic students. Unpublished Master's Thesis, Ege University.

    BACKGROUND

  • Usuda D, Shimozawa S, Takami H, Kako Y, Sakamoto T, Shimazaki J, Inoue J, Nakayama S, Koido Y, Oba J. Crush syndrome: a review for prehospital providers and emergency clinicians. J Transl Med. 2023 Aug 31;21(1):584. doi: 10.1186/s12967-023-04416-9.

    PMID: 37653520BACKGROUND

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

RhabdomyolysisCrush Injuries

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Muscular DiseasesMusculoskeletal DiseasesWounds and Injuries

Study Officials

  • Süreyya GÜMÜŞSOY

    Ege University

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

  • Süreyya GÜMÜŞSOY, PhD

    Ege University

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Süreyya GÜMÜŞSOY, Assoc. Prof.

CONTACT

+90 232 311 20 58sureyya.gumussoy@ege.edu.tr

Ali AKGÜN, PhD(c)

CONTACT

+90 252 211 59 03aliakgun1980@gmail.com

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
OTHER
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Associate Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

January 12, 2026

First Posted

January 23, 2026

Study Start

February 1, 2026

Primary Completion

April 1, 2026

Study Completion

May 1, 2026

Last Updated

January 23, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-01

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

De-identified individual participant data underlying the results reported in this study (text, tables, figures, and appendices) will be made available to researchers who provide a methodologically sound proposal. The data will be shared to achieve aims in the approved proposal starting 6 months and ending 36 months after publication of the study results.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF, CSR, ANALYTIC CODE
Time Frame
Data will be available starting 6 months after publication and will remain accessible for up to 3 years.
Access Criteria
Data requests should be sent via email to the principal investigator.
More information

Locations

TU(1)