The Effect of Volleyball-Specific Injury Prevention Program on Dynamic Balance and Postural Stability in Young Male Volleyball Players; Randomized Controlled Trial

NCT07351396 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 57.2023FBU
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 24
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of a 12-week volleyball-specific warm-up program (VOLLEY12+) on neuromuscular performance in young male volleyball players. Neuromuscular performance is an important factor related to injury risk and athletic performance in youth sports. Twenty-four male volleyball players aged 15 to 17 years were allocated into an intervention group or a control group. The intervention group performed the VOLLEY12+ warm-up program before each training session for 12 weeks, while the control group continued their usual coach-led warm-up routines. Neuromuscular performance was assessed before and after the intervention using balance and movement control tests, including the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS), the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS), and the Y Balance Test. The results of this study will help determine whether a structured, sport-specific warm-up program can improve neuromuscular performance in adolescent volleyball players and support the use of injury prevention strategies in youth volleyball training.

Conditions

Healthy Adult Male; Injury Prevention in Sports; Neuromuscular Performance; Healthy; Volleyball Players

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Static Balance Performance Assessed by the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS)

  Static balance performance was assessed using the Balance Error Scoring System (BESS). Participants performed double-leg, single-leg, and tandem stances on firm and foam surfaces. Each stance was held for 20 seconds, and balance errors were recorded by a blinded assessor. Total error scores were calculated at baseline (pre-intervention) and after the 12-week intervention period.

  Baseline and after 12 weeks

Study Arms (2)

VOLLEY12+ Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants performed a progressive volleyball-specific neuromuscular warm-up program (VOLLEY 12+) before each training session for 12 weeks. The program lasted 16-20 minutes and included dynamic mobility, balance, landing mechanics, trunk and hip control, and shoulder activation exercises.

Other: VOLLEY12+ Volleyball-Specific Warm-Up Program

Control Group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants performed their usual coach-led warm-up routines before each training session for 12 weeks. The routine included low-intensity jogging, dynamic mobility and stretching exercises, and volleyball-specific ball-handling activities, without any structured neuromuscular or injury-prevention content.

Other: Regular Coach-Led Volleyball Warm-Up

Interventions

VOLLEY12+ Volleyball-Specific Warm-Up Program OTHER

A progressive volleyball-specific neuromuscular warm-up program (VOLLEY12+) performed before regular training sessions over a 12-week period. The program was designed to enhance dynamic balance, neuromuscular control, and landing mechanics by targeting the ankle, knee, hip, and shoulder regions. Exercises were progressively overloaded using changes in volume, distance, and external resistance, and the total duration of each session was approximately 16-20 minutes.

VOLLEY12+ Group

Regular Coach-Led Volleyball Warm-Up OTHER

Participants performed their usual coach-led warm-up routine prior to volleyball training. This routine consisted of low-intensity jogging, dynamic mobility, and stretching exercises, followed by basic volleyball-specific ball-handling drills. No structured injury-prevention or neuromuscular training components were included, and the content was not modified by the research team.

Control Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 15 Years - 17 Years
• Sex: male
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)

You may qualify if:

• Male volleyball players aged 15-17 years
• At least 3 years of volleyball training experience
• Regular volleyball training ≥3 days per week, ≥60 minutes per session
• No history of chronic or recurrent injury
• Voluntary participation with informed consent

You may not qualify if:

• Injury occurring during the study period
• Voluntary withdrawal from the study
• Inability to continue participation due to injury during the research process

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Fenerbahce University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Fenerbahçe Sports Club - Dereağzı Facilities, Volleyball Hall

Istanbul, Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (4)

• Bere T, Kruczynski J, Veintimilla N, Hamu Y, Bahr R. Injury risk is low among world-class volleyball players: 4-year data from the FIVB Injury Surveillance System. Br J Sports Med. 2015 Sep;49(17):1132-7. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2015-094959. Epub 2015 Jul 20.

  PMID: 26194501 BACKGROUND

• de Azevedo Sodre Silva A, Sassi LB, Martins TB, de Menezes FS, Migliorini F, Maffulli N, Okubo R. Epidemiology of injuries in young volleyball athletes: a systematic review. J Orthop Surg Res. 2023 Oct 4;18(1):748. doi: 10.1186/s13018-023-04224-3.

  PMID: 37789463 BACKGROUND

• Zarei M, Eshghi S, Hosseinzadeh M. The effect of a shoulder injury prevention programme on proprioception and dynamic stability of young volleyball players; a randomized controlled trial. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2021 Jun 30;13(1):71. doi: 10.1186/s13102-021-00300-5.

  PMID: 34193267 BACKGROUND

• Verhagen E, Vriend I, Gouttebarge V, Kemler E, de Wit J, Zomerdijk D, Nauta J. Effectiveness of a warm-up programme to reduce injuries in youth volleyball players: a quasi-experiment. Br J Sports Med. 2023 Apr;57(8):464-470. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-105425. Epub 2023 Feb 17.

  PMID: 36801807 BACKGROUND

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Salih PINAR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 12, 2026
• First Posted: January 20, 2026
• Study Start: March 1, 2023
• Primary Completion: June 5, 2023
• Study Completion: June 5, 2023
• Last Updated: January 20, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-01

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)