Triglyceride-Glucose and TGI-BMI Indices Compared With HOMA-IR

NCT07260201 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: HIH 2025 HOMA IR
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 150
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Insulin resistance plays a key role in the development of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and heart disease. The most common way to measure insulin resistance is the HOMA-IR index, but it requires fasting insulin tests, which are not always available in clinical practice. This study aims to assess two simpler and more accessible alternatives: the triglyceride-glucose index (TGI) and its body mass index-adjusted version (TGI-BMI). Data from 150 adult patients were analyzed retrospectively and divided into groups according to their insulin resistance status. Standard laboratory and body measurements were compared between groups, and statistical analyses were used to determine how well TGI and TGI-BMI identify insulin resistance. The results showed that both TGI and TGI-BMI were closely related to insulin resistance and demonstrated high diagnostic accuracy, similar to HOMA-IR. The TGI-BMI index was particularly effective in individuals with obesity. These findings suggest that TGI and TGI-BMI could serve as practical, low-cost alternatives to HOMA-IR for evaluating insulin resistance in clinical and population settings where insulin testing is not routinely available.

Conditions

Insulin Resistance; Obesity Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Keywords

Insulin resistance; Triglyceride-glucose index; TGI-BMI; HOMA-IR

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Diagnostic accuracy of the Triglyceride-Glucose Index (TGI) for detecting insulin resistance

  Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity of TGI in identifying insulin resistance compared to HOMA-IR (\>2.5 as reference).

  Retrospective data analysis (single time point).

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Diagnostic accuracy of the BMI-adjusted Triglyceride-Glucose Index (TGI-BMI)

  Retrospective data analysis (single time point).

Study Arms (2)

Group/Cohort 1 Label: Non-Insulin Resistant (Non-IR) Group

Group 1 - Non-Insulin Resistant (Non-IR) Group Participants with HOMA-IR values below 2.5, classified as non-insulin resistant. Anthropometric and biochemical data (including fasting glucose, triglycerides, and BMI) were analyzed retrospectively to calculate TGI and TGI-BMI indices.

Group/Cohort 2 Label: Insulin Resistant (IR) Group

Group 2 - Insulin Resistant (IR) Group Participants with HOMA-IR values greater than 2.5, classified as insulin resistant. Anthropometric and biochemical measurements were reviewed from medical records, and TGI and TGI-BMI indices were compared with those of the Non-IR group.

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Adult patients who underwent routine biochemical testing and metabolic evaluation at Hisar Intercontinental Hospital. Data were obtained retrospectively from medical records. Participants were divided into two cohorts based on insulin resistance status determined by HOMA-IR values: Non-Insulin Resistant (HOMA-IR \< 2.5) Insulin Resistant (HOMA-IR \> 2.5)

You may qualify if:

• Eligible participants were adults aged 18-65 years with complete fasting biochemical and anthropometric data. Only patients who were not receiving antidiabetic medications at the time of evaluation were included.

You may not qualify if:

• Patients were excluded if they had any of the following:
• Known endocrine disorders (e.g., thyroid dysfunction, Cushing's syndrome)
• Chronic kidney or liver disease
• Active infection or systemic inflammatory disease
• Ongoing use of medications known to affect glucose or lipid metabolism (e.g., corticosteroids, statins, metformin, or insulin)
• Incomplete or missing laboratory data

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Hisar Intercontinental Hospital: lead

Study Sites (1)

Hisar Intercontinental Hospital

Istanbul, Umraniye, 34768, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Links

• This publication supports the present study by demonstrating that the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is independently associated with an increased risk of diabetes, even among individuals with normal fasting triglyceride and glucose levels. It provides

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Insulin Resistance

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Hyperinsulinism; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases

Study Officials

• Bekir Sami Uyanık, MD, Prof

  Hisar Intercontinental Hospital

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Selami Aydin, MD

  Hisar Intercontinental Hospital

  STUDY DIRECTOR

• Süleyman İpekci, Prof

  Hisar Intercontinental Hospital and Atlas University

  STUDY CHAIR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: RETROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Professor of Clinical Biochemistry, Hisar Intercontinental Hospital

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 18, 2025
• First Posted: December 3, 2025
• Study Start: December 1, 2024
• Primary Completion: October 20, 2025
• Study Completion: October 27, 2025
• Last Updated: December 3, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-11

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Shared Documents: STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, CSR
• Time Frame: Participant data (PD) and supporting information will be available starting from the date of publication of the study results. The data will remain accessible for a period of 5 years after publication.
• Access Criteria: Access to the Individual Participant Data (IPD) and supporting information will be limited to authorized members of the study team and independent researchers who submit a formal request for scientific evaluation. Accessible materials will include the de-identified IPD dataset, study protocol, and relevant analysis outputs

Locations

TU (1)