Effects of Bulgarian Exercises on Lower Limb Function in Children

NCT07248501 | Recruiting DMC

• 1 other identifier: REC/RCR&AHS/FAREEHASALEEM
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 345
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The objective of this study is to investigate the Effect of Bulgarian bag exercises on lower limb function, posture and balance among school going students. In this investigation, our study will include 379 participants girls and boys in our study. Non-Probability Convenient sampling will be used in this research. In this investigation, will collect data from Lahore primary school going girls and boys. The sample that will be included in our study will be 8 to 16 years of age, with both genders, Informed consent, Healthy children without any diagnosed physical or neurological impairments that could affect motor skills or agility. This study use following tools in our study Postural awareness scale PAS-E, Berg balance scale, The lower extremity functional scale.

Conditions

Child, Only

Keywords

Bulgarian exercise, Postural awareness scale PAS-E

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Postural Awareness Scale PAS-E

  Body posture refers to the position of a person's body in space and the alignment of body parts in relationship to one another and to the environment at one point in time. Postural awareness is informed via receptors in joints, muscles, ligaments, and connective tissue, which is then integrated in the central nervous system. Importantly, postural awareness is influenced by mental processes, including attention, interpretation, and appraisal of bodily sensation, as well as by affect, emotions, and attitudes.

  11 weeks

• Pediatrics Berg Balance Scale

  The Berg Balance Scale has proven to be a reliable and valid tool for assessing balance and predicting fall risk across various populations, including older adults, individuals with neurological conditions (e.g., stroke, Parkinson's disease), and those recovering from orthopedic surgery. Its high test-retest and inter-rater reliability, as well as its strong construct, criterion, and concurrent validity, support its widespread use in clinical practice and research. However, like any assessment tool, it should be used as part of a comprehensive evaluation that includes other clinical assessments and considerations

  11 weeks

• Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS)

  The Lower Extremity Functional Scale (LEFS) is a self-reported questionnaire used by physical therapists and other healthcare providers to assess a person's functional ability related to lower extremity (leg) tasks. It is widely used to evaluate the degree of difficulty experienced by individuals with lower extremity injuries or conditions in performing various daily activities.

  11 weeks

Study Arms (1)

Interventional Group(Bulgarian Bag Exercise Program)

EXPERIMENTAL

The Bulgarian Bag exercises will be performed under the guidance of a trained physical therapist or instructor. Key exercises will include squats, lunges, deadlifts, and shoulder presses, all performed with the Bulgarian Bag to target lower body strength, balance, and coordination. Progressions (e.g., increasing repetitions or load) will be made gradually as participants adapt to the exercises.

Other: Bulgarian Bag Exercises

Interventions

Bulgarian Bag Exercises OTHER

The Bulgarian Bag exercises will be performed under the guidance of a trained physical therapist or instructor. Key exercises will include squats, lunges, deadlifts, and shoulder presses, all performed with the Bulgarian Bag to target lower body strength, balance, and coordination. Progressions (e.g., increasing repetitions or load) will be made gradually as participants adapt to the exercises.

Interventional Group(Bulgarian Bag Exercise Program)

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 8 Years - 18 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17), Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Ability to perform physical activities
• Participants must be between 8 to 18 years

You may not qualify if:

• Children with severe physical disabilities or medical conditions that limit participation in physical activities (e.g., cardiovascular or respiratory conditions).
• Children unable to comply with study requirements or follow instructions

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Riphah International University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Imran Amjad

Lahore, Punjab Province, 5400, Pakistan

RECRUITING

Related Publications (1)

• Ahmed IA. The effect of sakiyo training on interactive agility, offensive and defensive foot movements, and their relationship to the level of kata performance. journal of Theories and Applications of physical education sport sciences.2022; 6(1): 2636-3925.

  BACKGROUND

Study Officials

• Fareeha Saleem, MS-PT

  Riphah International University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Imran Amjad, PhD

CONTACT

9233224390125; imran.amjad@riphah.edu.pk

Muhammad Asif Javed, MS-PT

CONTACT

923224209422; a.javed@riphah.edu.pk

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NA
• Masking: NONE
• Masking Details: Participants will get same treatment protocols and possible efforts will be put to mask the group about the treatment.
• Purpose: OTHER
• Intervention Model: SINGLE GROUP
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Model Details: The objective of this study is to investigate the Effect of Bulgarian bag exercises on lower limb function, posture and balance among school going students. In this investigation, our study will include 379 participants girls and boys in our study. Non-Probability Convenient sampling will be used in this research. In this investigation, will collect data from Lahore primary school going girls and boys. The sample that will be included in our study will be 8 to 16 years of age, with both genders, Informed consent, Healthy children without any diagnosed physical or neurological impairments that could affect motor skills or agility. This study use following tools in our study Postural awareness scale PAS-E, Berg balance scale, The lower extremity functional scale.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 18, 2025
• First Posted: November 25, 2025
• Study Start: October 30, 2025
• Primary Completion: January 25, 2026
• Study Completion: January 30, 2026
• Last Updated: November 25, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-11

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

PA (1)