Parenting Training Effect on Quality of Life and Parenting in Parents Who Have Children With Intellectual Disabilities

NCT07205406 | Completed DMC

• 1 other identifier: STIKesNganjuk
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 141
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

We conducted a non-randomized control trial. One hundred and forty-one participants in eleven special schools were included in an intervention group (N=71) to participate in parenteral training once a week for five weeks, and in a control group (N=70). Quality of care was evaluated using the Parenting Sense of Competence (PSOC), and quality of life was evaluated using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) before and one week after the intervention. The study used within-group analysis (Wilcoxon test) and intergroup analysis (Mann-Whitney U test) to evaluate the effects of group-based parenting training. The Point-biserial correlation test was used to evaluate the effect size.

Conditions

Intellectual Disabilities (F70-F79); Quality of Life; Parenting Intervention

Keywords

intellectual disabilities; parenting; quality of life; parenting training

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• quality of life of parents who have intellectual diasabilities

  Quality of life of parents was evaluated using the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF) developed by the WHO The WHOQOL-BREF consists of four domains (physical health, psychological, social relationships, and environment) with 26 questions. The total score for each domain is transformed to a scale of 0-100 according to the scoring guidelines.

  1 week after intervention

• Parenting quality

  Parenting quality was evaluated using the Parenting Sense of Competence (PSOC) developed by Gibaud-Wallston and Wandersman, adapted from Johnston and Marsh. The PSOC consists of the domains of satisfaction and self-efficacy with parenting, which are assessed with 16 questions, with a satisfaction score ranging from 9 to 54 and a self-efficacy score from 7 to 42.

  1 week after intervention

Study Arms (2)

parenting training group

EXPERIMENTAL

mothers who have children with intellectual disabilities received parenting training in a group for approximately three hours, once a week for 5 weeks. They also received a parenting guidebook for children with intellectual disabilities

Behavioral: group based-parenting training

control group

NO INTERVENTION

mothers who have children with intellectual disabilities received a parenting guidebook for children with intellectual disabilities

Interventions

group based-parenting training BEHAVIORAL

The group received approximately three hours of parenting training once a week for 5 weeks that focused on understanding children with ID in the first week, practical parenting skills in the second week, and how to provide emotional support and regulate parental emotions in the third week. Knowledge and skills were reinforced in the fourth and fifth weeks. The intervention group received training in small groups, each consisting of only 10 participants. The training involved experts in mental health counseling, pediatric nurses, special school teachers, and a motivator.

parenting training group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 30 Years+
• Gender Eligibility Details: mothers who have children with intellectual disabilities
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• having a child aged 7-18 years who has mild and moderate intellectual disabilities
• living in the same house as a child with intellectual disabilities
• being able to communicate fluently

You may not qualify if:

• having disabilities
• having a child with intellectual disabilities who has a chronic disease
• having a child with intellectual disabilities and other disabilities bilities

Sponsors & Collaborators

• STIKes Satria Bhakti Nganjuk: lead

Study Sites (1)

Special school

Nganjuk, East Java, Indonesia

Location

Related Publications (5)

• Jenaro C, Flores N, Gutierrez-Bermejo B, Vega V, Perez C, Cruz M. Parental Stress and Family Quality of Life: Surveying Family Members of Persons with Intellectual Disabilities. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Dec 3;17(23):9007. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17239007.

  PMID: 33287284 BACKGROUND

• Grenier-Martin, J., Rivard, M., Patel, S., Lanovaz, M. J., & Lefebvre, C. (2022). Randomized controlled trial on an online training to support caregivers of young children with intellectual and developmental disability managing problem behaviors at home. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 31(12), 3485-3497.

  BACKGROUND

• Coren E, Ramsbotham K, Gschwandtner M. Parent training interventions for parents with intellectual disability. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2018 Jul 13;7(7):CD007987. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007987.pub3.

  PMID: 30004571 BACKGROUND

• Barratt M, Lewis P, Duckworth N, Jojo N, Malecka V, Tomsone S, Rituma D, Wilson NJ. Parental Experiences of Quality of Life When Caring for Their Children With Intellectual Disability: A Meta-Aggregation Systematic Review. J Appl Res Intellect Disabil. 2025 Jan;38(1):e70005. doi: 10.1111/jar.70005.

  PMID: 39763193 BACKGROUND

• Alghamdi SA, Assiri MI, Fallatah RA, Albeladi FM, Alabdulaziz H, Alsaggaf F. Health-promoting activities among Saudi Arabian parents of children with disabilities: A cross-sectional study. Belitung Nurs J. 2025 Jan 26;11(1):75-82. doi: 10.33546/bnj.3624. eCollection 2025.

  PMID: 39877218 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Intellectual Disability

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Neurobehavioral Manifestations; Neurologic Manifestations; Nervous System Diseases; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Neurodevelopmental Disorders; Mental Disorders

Study Officials

• Rahayu B Utami, Magister

  STIKes Satria Bhakti Nganjuk

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: September 18, 2025
• First Posted: October 3, 2025
• Study Start: January 1, 2025
• Primary Completion: August 31, 2025
• Study Completion: August 31, 2025
• Last Updated: October 3, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-09

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

ID (1)