Effects of LPG and Ventilation Interventions on Reducing HAP and Improving Cardiopulmonary Health

NCT07005193 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: 2023ZD0509900
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 1,200
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 3

Brief Summary

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the independent and synergistic effects of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) substitution and improved ventilation on household air pollution (HAP) reduction and cardiopulmonary health. The main questions it aims to answer are:

1. 1.Does LPG substitution or improved ventilation reduce HAP and improve cardiopulmonary health?
2. 2.Would the combined intervention of LPG substitution and improved ventilation outperform single interventions?
3. 3.What is the cost-effectiveness of such interventions, and are they sustainable?
4. 4.Does the intervention reduce the incidence of cardiopulmonary clinical events?

Conditions

Cardiopulmonary Function; Environmental Exposures

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (5)

• Change in the Number of Ultrafine particles (UFP)

  Unit: particles/cm³, Measuring instrument: TSI NanoScan (TSI, USA), MicroPEM (PennEngineering, USA), Gillian5000 (Sensidyne, USA), Measurement method: Monitoring device sensors.

  1 year, with follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months

• Change in the Concentrations of PM2.5

  Unit: ug/m3, Measuring instrument: TSI NanoScan (TSI, USA), MicroPEM (PennEngineering, USA), Gillian5000 (Sensidyne, USA), Bbair (Yuanrui Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd, China) , Measurement method: Monitoring device sensors.

  1 year, with follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months

• Change in the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Measured by 12-lead ECG

  Heart rate variability measured using standard 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Measuring instrument: HeaLink heart rate sensor (Henan Link Medical Technology Co., Ltd., China), The time-domain indicators include:SDNN: Standard deviation of all normal-to-normal (NN) intervals over 24 hours / SDANN: Standard deviation of the average NN intervals calculated over 5-minute segments throughout 24 hours / RMSSD: Root mean square of successive differences between adjacent NN intervals over 24 hours. The frequency-domain indicators include: TP: Total power / LF: Low-frequency power / HF: High-frequency power / LF/HF: Ratio of low-frequency to high-frequency power.

  1 year, with follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months

• Change in the Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)

  Forced Vital Capacity measured using spirometer (HI105; Chestgraph, Japan). Units of Measure: Liters. Method of Measurement: Standardized spirometric testing protocol.

  1 year, with follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months

• Change in the Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second (FEV1)

  Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second measured using spirometer (HI105; Chestgraph, Japan). Units of Measure: Liters. Method of Measurement: Standardized spirometric testing protocol.

  1 year, with follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months

Secondary Outcomes (29)

• Change in the Concentrations of Specific Chemical Components in Particulate Matter

  1 year, with follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months

• Change in the Concentrations of Ozone (O₃)

  1 year, with follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months

• Change in the Concentrations of Black Carbon (BC)

  1 year, with follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months

• Change in the Systolic and Diastolic Blood Pressure

  1 year, with follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months

• Change in the Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO)

  1 year, with follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months

Other Outcomes (45)

• Change in the Serum Levels of Myocardial Function Biomarkers (BNP, NT-proBNP, Follistatin, Myoglobin, CK-MB, Troponin I, Troponin T)

  1 year, with follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months

• Change in the Serum Levels of Club Cell Protein 16 (CC16) and Surfactant Protein D (SP-D)

  1 year, with follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months

• Change in the Serum Levels of Blood Glucose, Insulin, and C-Peptide

  1 year, with follow-ups at 6, 12, 24, and 36 months

Study Arms (4)

A: Solid fuel + no ventilation (control).

OTHER

Solid fuel + no ventilation facilities group: Continued use of solid fuels without installation of ventilation facilities and receipt of standardized health education. No LPG stoves or ventilation equipment will be provided during the intervention period. However, after the primary endpoint assessment at 12 months, all households in Group A will be provided with LPG stoves and ventilation facilities of equivalent specifications free of charge, along with health guidance. Phased cash compensation will be provided during the intervention period.

Behavioral: Using solid fuels for cooking; Behavioral: No ventilation during cooking

B: LPG + no ventilation.

EXPERIMENTAL

Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) + no ventilation facilities group: Provided with LPG stoves and instructed to use them during cooking, with regular LPG supply throughout the intervention period. Participants will also receive standardized health education.

Behavioral: Using liquefied gas for cooking; Behavioral: No ventilation during cooking

C: Solid fuel + ventilation.

EXPERIMENTAL

Solid fuel + ventilation facilities group: Continued use of solid fuels while being provided with ventilation facilities and instructed to use them during cooking. Electricity costs will be compensated during the intervention period. Participants will also receive standardized health education.

Device: Cooking ventilation facilities; Behavioral: Using solid fuels for cooking

D: LPG + ventilation.

EXPERIMENTAL

LPG + ventilation facilities group: Provided with both LPG stoves and ventilation facilities and instructed to use both during cooking. Regular LPG supply and electricity cost compensation will be provided throughout the intervention period. Participants will also receive standardized health education.

Device: Cooking ventilation facilities; Behavioral: Using liquefied gas for cooking

Interventions

Cooking ventilation facilities DEVICE

Installation and use of kitchen ventilation facilities (e.g., range hood) during cooking to reduce indoor air pollution exposure.

C: Solid fuel + ventilation.; D: LPG + ventilation.

Using liquefied gas for cooking BEHAVIORAL

Households are provided with liquefied gas stoves and encouraged to use liquefied gas instead of solid fuels for cooking.

B: LPG + no ventilation.; D: LPG + ventilation.

Using solid fuels for cooking BEHAVIORAL

Households continue using traditional solid fuels (e.g., coal or biomass) for cooking according to their usual practices.

A: Solid fuel + no ventilation (control).; C: Solid fuel + ventilation.

No ventilation during cooking BEHAVIORAL

Households continue cooking without installing additional ventilation facilities during the intervention period.

A: Solid fuel + no ventilation (control).; B: LPG + no ventilation.

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 75 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Aged 18-75 years;
• Local permanent residents with no plans for long-term travel or relocation within one year;
• Kitchen suitable for installation of ventilation facilities;
• Responsible for daily household cooking, cooking ≥5 times per week;
• To control for community penetration of pollution, households will be preferentially recruited in naturally ventilated, open villages, avoiding valleys or basins that hinder pollutant dispersion; preference for detached houses with ≥10 m distance from neighboring kitchens and well-sealed doors and windows.
• Secondary Participants:
• Elderly individuals aged 65-75 living with the primary participant;
• Children aged 3-6 living in the same household.

You may not qualify if:

• Clinical diagnosis of major chronic diseases such as severe respiratory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, malignant tumors, or end-stage renal disease;
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women;
• Current smokers or individuals with self-reported exposure to productive dust or other occupational hazards;
• Individuals who are unable to fully understand the study process or clearly express their own complaints, such as those with psychiatric disorders or severe neuroses, or who cannot cooperate with the study for other reasons.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Huazhong University of Science and Technology: lead

Study Sites (3)

Suiping County Health Center

Zhumadian, Henan, 4630000, China

NOT YET RECRUITING

Hong'an County Health Center

Huanggang, Hubei, 438000, China

RECRUITING

Longhui County Health Center

Shaoyang, Hunan, 422000, China

NOT YET RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Interventions

Cooking

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Food Handling; Food Industry; Industry; Technology, Industry, and Agriculture

Study Officials

• Kuai Yu

  Huazhong University of Science and Technology

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Kuai Yu

CONTACT

+86 15172473088; yukuai5200@163.com

Hao Wang

CONTACT

+8618623910286; wanghaogongwei@163.com

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: FACTORIAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Research Fellow, Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: May 8, 2025
• First Posted: June 5, 2025
• Study Start: July 1, 2025
• Primary Completion (Estimated): June 30, 2029
• Study Completion (Estimated): June 30, 2029
• Last Updated: March 17, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-02

Locations

CN (3)