NCT06979934

Brief Summary

The study is to evaluate the effect of 3D printing functional splints on hand function for patients with stroke.Twenty stroke patients with moderate motor deficits were recruited and randomized into experimental (3D printing splint) or control (functional splint) groups for 8 weeks of treatment.The performance was assessed by a blinded assessor for two times including motor, function, and feasibility.Collected data will be analyzed with nonparametric tests by SPSS version 20.0, and alpha level was set at .05.

Trial Health

30
At Risk

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial has exceeded expected completion date
Timeline
Completed

Started Jul 2021

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
withdrawn

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

May 23, 2021

Completed
1 month until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

July 1, 2021

Completed
1.2 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

August 30, 2022

Completed
1 month until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

September 30, 2022

Completed
2.6 years until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

May 20, 2025

Completed
Last Updated

May 20, 2025

Status Verified

May 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

1.2 years

First QC Date

May 23, 2021

Last Update Submit

May 19, 2025

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Fugl-Meyer Assessment-upper extremity

    The Fugl-Meyer Assessment-upper extremity (FMA-UE) measures motor impairment in the upper extremity. The assessment consists of 33 items, including movement, reflex, grasp, and coordination, and a total score of 66.The unit of measure is score.

    Change from Baseline at 8 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (7)

  • Electromyography

    Change from Baseline at 8 weeks

  • Dynanometer

    Change from Baseline at 8 weeks

  • Range of motion of upper limb joints

    Change from Baseline at 8 weeks

  • Disabilities of The Arm, Shoulder And Hand Questionnaire

    Change from Baseline at 8 weeks

  • Side effects record

    Every training session, total sessions continued to 8 weeks

  • +2 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

3D printing splint group

EXPERIMENTAL

3D printing splint for 8 weeks of treatment (Sixty minutes for position and twenty minutes for training a time, triple times a day)

Behavioral: 3D printing splint group

functional splint group

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

functional splint for 8 weeks of treatment (Sixty minutes for position and twenty minutes for training a time, triple times a day)

Behavioral: functional splint group

Interventions

Wear 3D printing design splint for position for 60 minutes each time, plus 20 minutes of exercise which including:(1) Raise hands for 5 minutes, and bend and straighten the elbow for 5 minutes for proximal movement exercise;(2) Wear 3D printed design hand splint and change objects according to the ability of grasp, such as hold a cup, handle, eraser, pen, etc.

3D printing splint group

Wear functional splint for position for 60 minutes each time, plus 20 minutes of exercise which including:(1) Raise hands for 5 minutes, and bend and straighten the elbow for 5 minutes for proximal movement exercise;(2) Grasp the holder according the grasp ability, such as hold a cup, handle, eraser, pen, etc.

functional splint group

Eligibility Criteria

Age20 Years - 75 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Cerebral stroke, patients with unilateral hemiplegia
  • Onset is more than three months;
  • Able to understand activity instructions;
  • Fugl-Meyer assessment 20-50 points

You may not qualify if:

  • Age over 75 years and under 20 years old;
  • Other medical diseases that affect the execution program
  • Modified Ashworth Scale of Wrist and hand greater than 2 Points
  • Deformed elbow, wrist and hand joints
  • Treated with botulinum toxin on the upper limbs of the affected side.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University

Taipei, Taiwan, 235, Taiwan

Location

Related Publications (30)

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  • Ates, S., Haarman, C. J., & Stienen, A. H. J. A. R. (2017). SCRIPT passive orthosis: design of interactive hand and wrist exoskeleton for rehabilitation at home after stroke. 41(3), 711-723.

    BACKGROUND
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    BACKGROUND
  • Baronio G, Harran S, Signoroni A. A Critical Analysis of a Hand Orthosis Reverse Engineering and 3D Printing Process. Appl Bionics Biomech. 2016;2016:8347478. doi: 10.1155/2016/8347478. Epub 2016 Aug 9.

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  • Basteris A, Nijenhuis SM, Stienen AH, Buurke JH, Prange GB, Amirabdollahian F. Training modalities in robot-mediated upper limb rehabilitation in stroke: a framework for classification based on a systematic review. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2014 Jul 10;11:111. doi: 10.1186/1743-0003-11-111.

    PMID: 25012864BACKGROUND
  • Cazon, A., Aizpurua, J., Paterson, A., Bibb, R., Campbell, R. I. J. V., & Prototyping, P. (2014). Customised design and manufacture of protective face masks combining a practitioner-friendly modelling approach and low-cost devices for digitising and additive manufacturing: This paper analyses the viability of replacing conventional practice with AM method to make customized protective face masks. 9(4), 251-261.

    BACKGROUND
  • Chang, K., Chang, J.-H., Huang, M.-W., & Lee, L.-Y. (2018). Innovative orthosis for phalanx extension neurofacilitation (iOPEN)-development of a 3D-printed hand orthosis for chronic stroke patient. Paper presented at the 2018 IEEE International Conference on Applied System Invention (ICASI).

    BACKGROUND
  • Chang WD, Lai PT. New design of home-based dynamic hand splint for hemiplegic hands: a preliminary study. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015 Mar;27(3):829-31. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.829. Epub 2015 Mar 31.

    PMID: 25931740BACKGROUND
  • Copley J, Kuipers K, Fleming J, Rassafiani M. Individualised resting hand splints for adults with acquired brain injury: a randomized, single blinded, single case design. NeuroRehabilitation. 2013;32(4):885-98. doi: 10.3233/NRE-130913.

    PMID: 23867415BACKGROUND
  • Diment LE, Thompson MS, Bergmann JH. Three-dimensional printed upper-limb prostheses lack randomised controlled trials: A systematic review. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2018 Feb;42(1):7-13. doi: 10.1177/0309364617704803. Epub 2017 Jun 24.

    PMID: 28649911BACKGROUND
  • Duncan PW, Propst M, Nelson SG. Reliability of the Fugl-Meyer assessment of sensorimotor recovery following cerebrovascular accident. Phys Ther. 1983 Oct;63(10):1606-10. doi: 10.1093/ptj/63.10.1606.

    PMID: 6622535BACKGROUND
  • Emzain, Z. F., Huang, S.-C., Yang, Y.-S., & Qosim, N. J. R. M. (2020). Design and Analysis of a Dynamic Splint Based on Pulley Rotation for Post-Stroke Finger Extension Rehabilitation Device. 11(3), 477-485.

    BACKGROUND
  • Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, Moran AE, Sacco RL, Anderson L, Truelsen T, O'Donnell M, Venketasubramanian N, Barker-Collo S, Lawes CM, Wang W, Shinohara Y, Witt E, Ezzati M, Naghavi M, Murray C; Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2010 (GBD 2010) and the GBD Stroke Experts Group. Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 2014 Jan 18;383(9913):245-54. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61953-4.

    PMID: 24449944BACKGROUND
  • Fitzpatrick, A. P., Mohanned, M. I., Collins, P. K., & Gibson, I. J. K. E. (2017). Design of a patient specific, 3D printed arm cast. 135-142.

    BACKGROUND
  • Gregson JM, Leathley M, Moore AP, Sharma AK, Smith TL, Watkins CL. Reliability of the Tone Assessment Scale and the modified Ashworth scale as clinical tools for assessing poststroke spasticity. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999 Sep;80(9):1013-6. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(99)90053-9.

    PMID: 10489001BACKGROUND
  • Hamilton GF, McDonald C, Chenier TC. Measurement of grip strength: validity and reliability of the sphygmomanometer and jamar grip dynamometer. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1992;16(5):215-9. doi: 10.2519/jospt.1992.16.5.215.

    PMID: 18796752BACKGROUND
  • Jang SH. The recovery of walking in stroke patients: a review. Int J Rehabil Res. 2010 Dec;33(4):285-9. doi: 10.1097/MRR.0b013e32833f0500.

    PMID: 20805757BACKGROUND
  • Katalinic OM, Harvey LA, Herbert RD, Moseley AM, Lannin NA, Schurr K. Stretch for the treatment and prevention of contractures. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010 Sep 8;(9):CD007455. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD007455.pub2.

    PMID: 20824861BACKGROUND
  • Liang HW, Wang HK, Yao G, Horng YS, Hou SM. Psychometric evaluation of the Taiwan version of the Disability of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. J Formos Med Assoc. 2004 Oct;103(10):773-9.

    PMID: 15490028BACKGROUND
  • Lubbes, E. (2016). Investigation and Assessment of Upper-Limb Prosthetic Care and Business Model Design for 3D-Printed Prostheses in the Netherlands.

    BACKGROUND
  • Marque P, Gasq D, Castel-Lacanal E, De Boissezon X, Loubinoux I. Post-stroke hemiplegia rehabilitation: evolution of the concepts. Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2014 Nov;57(8):520-529. doi: 10.1016/j.rehab.2014.08.004. Epub 2014 Aug 23.

    PMID: 25282582BACKGROUND
  • Mills PB, Finlayson H, Sudol M, O'Connor R. Systematic review of adjunct therapies to improve outcomes following botulinum toxin injection for treatment of limb spasticity. Clin Rehabil. 2016 Jun;30(6):537-48. doi: 10.1177/0269215515593783. Epub 2015 Jul 21.

    PMID: 26198891BACKGROUND
  • Munhoz, R., Moraes, C. A. d. C., Tanaka, H., & Kunkel, M. E. J. R. o. B. E. (2016). A digital approach for design and fabrication by rapid prototyping of orthosis for developmental dysplasia of the hip. 32(1), 63-73.

    BACKGROUND
  • Nordin N, Xie SQ, Wunsche B. Assessment of movement quality in robot- assisted upper limb rehabilitation after stroke: a review. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2014 Sep 12;11:137. doi: 10.1186/1743-0003-11-137.

    PMID: 25217124BACKGROUND
  • Phillips, B., Zingalis, G., Ritter, S., & Mehta, K. (2015). A review of current upper-limb prostheses for resource constrained settings. Paper presented at the 2015 IEEE global humanitarian technology conference (GHTC).

    BACKGROUND
  • Pizzi A, Carlucci G, Falsini C, Verdesca S, Grippo A. Application of a volar static splint in poststroke spasticity of the upper limb. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2005 Sep;86(9):1855-9. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2005.03.032.

    PMID: 16181954BACKGROUND
  • Sakai, R., Haraguchi, M., Kanamori, M., Yamada, K., Ishida, K., & Kobayashi, Y. J. A. J. o. O. T. (2020). Development of a Finger Extension Assistance Splint for a Hemiplegic Upper Limb After Stroke-A Case Report. 16(1), 83-86.

    BACKGROUND
  • Santamato A, Micello MF, Panza F, Fortunato F, Picelli A, Smania N, Logroscino G, Fiore P, Ranieri M. Adhesive taping vs. daily manual muscle stretching and splinting after botulinum toxin type A injection for wrist and fingers spastic overactivity in stroke patients: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil. 2015 Jan;29(1):50-8. doi: 10.1177/0269215514537915. Epub 2014 Jun 10.

    PMID: 24917588BACKGROUND
  • Tanabe, H., Nagao, T., & Tanemura, R. J. A. J. o. O. T. (2011). Application of constraint-induced movement therapy for people with severe chronic plegic hand. 9(1), 7-14.

    BACKGROUND
  • Thibaut A, Chatelle C, Ziegler E, Bruno MA, Laureys S, Gosseries O. Spasticity after stroke: physiology, assessment and treatment. Brain Inj. 2013;27(10):1093-105. doi: 10.3109/02699052.2013.804202. Epub 2013 Jul 25.

    PMID: 23885710BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Stroke

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Cerebrovascular DisordersBrain DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesNervous System DiseasesVascular DiseasesCardiovascular Diseases

Study Officials

  • Hsinchieh Lee

    Taipei Medical University, Taiwan, R.O.C.

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
0

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

May 23, 2021

First Posted

May 20, 2025

Study Start

July 1, 2021

Primary Completion

August 30, 2022

Study Completion

September 30, 2022

Last Updated

May 20, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-05

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations