Effectiveness of Different Types of Training in Older Adults With Sarcopenic Obesity

NCT06895122 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: OB_SARC_
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 33
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study is a randomized, parallel-group, double-blind clinical trial. The primary aim is to assess the effectiveness of power-based resistance training, multimodal exercise incorporating non-specific movements, and a control group in improving functionality and body composition in women over 65 years old with pre-sarcopenia. The intervention will take place over 30 weeks, with three training sessions per week in both experimental groups. Assessments will be conducted at two time points: before and after the intervention. Evaluated parameters will include functionality (Timed Up \& Go test (TUG), chair stand test, handgrip strength, and Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)) and body composition (body fat percentage, skeletal muscle index (SMI), appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM), waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, body weight, and body mass index (BMI)).

Conditions

Sarcopenic Obesity; Obesity and Overweight; Sarcopenia

Keywords

Resistance training; Exercise; Older adults; Multicomponent training

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Skeletal Muscle Index (SMI)

  The SMI assesses muscle mass relative to body size, calculated as appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) divided by height squared (kg/m²). Sarcopenia is diagnosed in women when SMI is \<5.5 kg/m²

  30 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (7)

• Body Fat Percentage (BF%)

  30 weeks

• Grip strength test

  30 weeks

• Chair stand test

  30 weeks

• Body Mass Index (BMI)

  30 weeks

• Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)

  30 weeks

Study Arms (3)

High Speed Resistance Training

EXPERIMENTAL

The core component of the H-RT program will include a variety of exercises targeting both the upper and lower limbs. These exercises consist of wall push-ups, arm raises, elbow flexion and extension, weighted pronosupination, hand presses, knee and hip hinge squats, deadlifts, frontal and sagittal plane lunges, and heel raises. The program will be structured into three progressive phases: Phase 1 - Adaptation: During the first month, participants will focus on learning the correct technique for all upper and lower limb exercises to ensure proper execution. Phase 2 - Strength Training: Over the next two months, resistance exercises will be performed at both slow and controlled speeds, reinforcing movement patterns established in the initial phase. Phase 3 - High-Speed Resistance Training: In the final five months, progressive overload will be applied, with a gradual increase in execution speed and exercise intensity to enhance muscle power and improve overall function

Procedure: High resistance training

Multicomponent training

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

The core of the multicomponent exercise program incorporates various exercise modalities, including aerobic training, mobility, strength, balance, and coordination exercises. Additionally, playful activities and cognitive tasks are integrated to enhance the program's overall effects. These include games involving colors, numbers, letters, laterality (right-left distinction), memory exercises, and more. The progression for each modality follows a structured approach: Aerobic Training: Begins with continuous exercise, transitions to interval training, and progressively reduces rest periods. Strength Training: Gradually increases the number of sets and repetitions while decreasing rest time. Balance Training: Starts with static exercises and progresses to more challenging tasks, incorporating blindfolds, perturbations, and dynamic balance drills. Coordination and Cognitive Tasks: Exercises become progressively more complex, requiring faster decision-making and more intricate movements.

Procedure: Multicomponent Training

Control Group

NO INTERVENTION

Participants assigned to this group will maintain their usual dietary habits and physical activity levels without making any lifestyle modifications throughout the study. They will not engage in the muscle power-based strength training program or participate in any other structured, supervised, or systematic exercise program.

Interventions

High resistance training PROCEDURE

Participants will perform the exercises at high speed, emphasizing explosive movements to maximize muscle power development.

Also known as: Power training

High Speed Resistance Training

Multicomponent Training PROCEDURE

Various exercise modalities are integrated, including aerobic training, mobility, strength, balance, and coordination exercises.

Multicomponent training

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 65 Years+
• Gender Eligibility Details: Only individuals who self-identify as women and meet the biological criteria of the study (i.e., assigned female at birth) are eligible to participate
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Women older than 65 years.
• Diagnosis of sarcopenic obesity (SMI \< 5.5 kg/m2, BMI \> 30 kg/m2)

You may not qualify if:

• Tumors
• Pacemakers
• Fibrillations
• Cardiac pathology or uncontrolled hypertension
• History of severe trauma/recent cervical surgery
• Uncontrolled systemic and inflammatory pathologies
• Congenital collagen compromise
• Presence of difficulties in performing the Initial Evaluation tests
• Language barriers
• Pending litigation or legal claim

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Salamanca: lead

Study Sites (1)

University of Salamanca

Salamanca, 37007, Spain

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Obesity; Overweight; Sarcopenia; Motor Activity

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Body Weight; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Muscular Atrophy; Neuromuscular Manifestations; Neurologic Manifestations; Nervous System Diseases; Atrophy; Pathological Conditions, Anatomical; Behavior

Study Officials

• Roberto Méndez Sánchez, PhD

  University of Salamanca

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: DOUBLE
• Who Masked: INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: Blinding was performed on the study hypothesis and on the participants assigned to each group. Both the evaluating researchers and the statistical researcher were blinded.
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate Professor

Model Details: Longitudinal.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 18, 2025
• First Posted: March 26, 2025
• Study Start: September 1, 2022
• Primary Completion: December 31, 2023
• Study Completion: December 31, 2024
• Last Updated: March 30, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-03

Locations

ES (1)