Effect of Smoking on Macrophage-related Chemokines Before and After Non-surgical Treatment of Initial Peri-implantitis

NCT06810401 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: D-KD24/01
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 63
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Peri-implantitis is a condition affecting tissues around dental implants, leading to inflammation and bone loss. Smoking is a known risk factor that increases the risk of developing peri-implantitis and reduces treatment success. Smokers often have worse outcomes after treatment compared to non-smokers. Macrophage activity is crucial for fighting infections, but smoking can impair their function, leading to tissue damage. Smoking reduces blood flow and oxygen levels in tissues, hindering healing. Specific chemokines (CCL-2, CCL-8, CXCL-9, and CCL-3) help direct immune responses by recruiting macrophages and other immune cells to infection sites. Understanding how smoking affects these chemokines is essential for improving peri-implantitis treatment outcomes. Peri-implantitis is a complex condition caused by various factors, which makes it challenging to study how smoking affects the immune response in advanced stages of the disease. This study aims to investigate how smoking influences specific chemical signals associated with the immune response (CCL-2, CCL-8, CCL-3, and CXCL-9) in the fluid around dental implants, both before and after non-surgical treatment. The research will compare smokers to non-smokers during the early stages of peri-implantitis.

Conditions

Peri-implantitis

Keywords

Peri-implantitis; Smoking; Chemokines

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Biochemical Outcomes

  Analysis and comparison of peri-implant crevicular fluid levels of CCL-2, CCL-3, and CXCL-9 before and after non-surgical treatment of initial peri-implantitis in smokers and non-smokers.

  Assessment and comparison of peri-implant crevicular fluid chemokine levels before and four months after non-surgical treatment of initial peri-implantitis in smoking and non-smoking individuals

Secondary Outcomes (3)

• Probing Pocket Depth (mm)

  Assessment and comparison of clinical outcomes for non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis before and after four months.

• Bleeding on Probing

  Assessment and comparison of clinical outcomes for non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis before and after four months.

• Visible Plaque Score

  Assessment and comparison of clinical outcomes for non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis before and after four months.

Study Arms (1)

Peri-implantitis patients

EXPERIMENTAL

All peri-implantitis patients in both smoking and non-smoking groups received full-mouth non-surgical periodontal treatment using sterile ultrasonic scalers (Woodpecker Piezo Cavitron Ultrasonic Scaler Handpiece (HW-5L), EMS, Switzerland)), currets (Lsh6-h7, Osung MND, Korea), and sterile saline irrigations. Non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis involves the debridement of hard- and soft accumulations on implant surfaces using titanium curettes (Titanium Implant Scaler 204SD, Hu-Friedy) for 15 minutes, followed by irrigation with sterile saline solution

Procedure: Debridement of implant surface with titanium curettes and irrigation with sterile saline solution

Interventions

Debridement of implant surface with titanium curettes and irrigation with sterile saline solution PROCEDURE

All patients in both groups received non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis involving the debridement of hard- and soft accumulations on implant surfaces using titanium curettes (Titanium Implant Scaler 204SD, Hu-Friedy) for 15 minutes, followed by irrigation with sterile saline solution

Also known as: Non-surgical treatment of peri-implantitis

Peri-implantitis patients

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• willingness to participate in the study
• having a dental implant that was loaded at least one year before the initiation of the study, that was diagnosed with peri-implantitis, and that has PD of 6-7 mm, 3) the implants had been in function for at least 1 year.

You may not qualify if:

• having received periodontal therapy or any oral decontamination treatment or received antibiotics or steroids in the last six months before the initiation of the study,
• being pregnant or breastfeeding,
• being diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, poorly controlled systemic diseases (such as diabetes or hypertension),
• having a medical history of radiation or cancer therapy.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Buse Naz BÜYÜKAKÇALI ALTAY: lead
• University of Turku: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Gazi University

Ankara, Çankaya, 06490, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Altay BNB, Cankaya ZT, Yilmaz M, Gursoy M, Bodur A, Gursoy UK. Impact of Smoking on Macrophage-Related Chemokines During Initial Peri-Implantitis: A Prospective Cohort Study. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res. 2025 Jun;27(3):e70052. doi: 10.1111/cid.70052.

  PMID: 40399133 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Peri-Implantitis; Smoking

Interventions

Therapeutic Irrigation

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Periodontal Diseases; Mouth Diseases; Stomatognathic Diseases; Behavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Hydrotherapy; Physical Therapy Modalities; Therapeutics; Rehabilitation; Investigative Techniques

Study Officials

• Ulvi K GURSOY, Prof.

  University of Turku

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NA
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: SINGLE GROUP
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator, Research Assistant

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 22, 2025
• First Posted: February 5, 2025
• Study Start: April 28, 2024
• Primary Completion: October 14, 2024
• Study Completion: October 14, 2024
• Last Updated: February 5, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-01

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)