Mucosal Associated Invariant T Cell During Viral Pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

NCT06720818 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: DR230303 - MAIT-VECTORS
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 150
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Viral pneumonia, including SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus (IAV), can culminate in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a severe form of respiratory failure with high mortality. Uncontrolled local inflammatory response and impaired tissue repair are hallmarks of ARDS. However, lack of in-depth understanding of the immunopathology lead to limited identification of potential 'endotypes' who may benefit from individualized targeted therapies. Mucosal Associated Invariant T (MAIT) cells represent a peculiar lineage of T cells with a wide panel of effector functions. Thus, they emerge as potential key players and appealing targets in ARDS through their potent abilities to modulate immune response at barrier sites and promote tissue repair. Recent data from the investigators and others indicated that MAIT cells are highly activated in patients with Sars-Cov-2 and IAV ARDS, but the associated activation mechanisms and precise functions remain unknown. In this context, the investigators aim at investigating the implication and potential harnessing of MAIT cells in severe viral pneumonias and associated ARDS by with a dedicated clinical study. First, the investigators will perform a comprehensive and longitudinal phenotyping of immune response during viral pneumonia-induced ARDS, including MAIT cells, in blood -and airway compartment for mechanically ventilated patients. To provide more insight into specificity of virally induced pneumonia and ARDS, longitudinal phenotyping of immune response of patients with bacterial pneumonia, and control patients with unrelated ARDS (severe trauma, pancreatitis or major surgery) will also be performed.

Conditions

Viral Pneumonia; Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Keywords

Mucosal Associated Invariant T cell; physiopathology; immune response

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• MAIT cells frequency during pneumonia and ARDS

  MAIT cell frequency will be determined as % of CD3+ cells using flow cytometry techniques on biological samples obtained from samples done during routine care of patients included in the study (blood samples, and tracheal aspiration and broncho alveolar lavage for mechanically ventilated patients).

  Blood and airway (tracheal aspiration or bronchoalveolar lavage, for patients under mechanical ventilation) will be sampled and analyzed at inclusion, day 3, day 5 and every week until ICU discharge (with a maximum of 90 days in ICU after inclusion)

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Activation of MAIT cells during severe pneumonia and ARDS

  Blood and airway (tracheal aspiration or bronchoalveolar lavage, for patients under mechanical ventilation) will be sampled and analyzed at inclusion, day 3, day 5 and every week until discharge (with a maximum of 90 days in ICU after inclusion).

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Adult patients admitted to critical care units at the CHRU de Tours for different reasons

You may qualify if:

• Age ≥ 18 years
• Patients admitted to critical care (Intensive Care Unit, Continuous Monitoring Unit, Intensive Care Unit) at the CHRU de Tours
• Patients admitted to critical care for one of the following reasons:
• Acute community-acquired pulmonary infection (pneumonia),
• Severe acute pancreatitis, with onset of ARDS criteria less than 48 hours ago,
• Severe isolated head injury requiring invasive mechanical ventilation,
• Severe burn defined by a burned surface area exceeding 20% and/or deep lesions exceeding 3% of the total body surface area, with the onset of ARDS criteria less than 48 hours ago,
• Patient admitted to Intensive Care Medicine, requiring invasive mechanical ventilation,
• Patients with severe immunosuppression (impairing the ability to analyse the immune response, particularly T lymphocytes): active haematological malignancy, solid organ transplantation or bone marrow transplantation, systemic immunosuppressive treatment, ongoing chemotherapy (including immune checkpoint inhibitors).
• Person who has objected to data processing
• Patient under guardianship or curatorship

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University Hospital, Tours: lead

Study Sites (1)

University hospital

Tours, 37044, France

RECRUITING

Biospecimen

Retention: SAMPLES WITHOUT DNA

Blood and respiratory samples

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Pneumonia, Viral; Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Pneumonia; Respiratory Tract Infections; Infections; Virus Diseases; Lung Diseases; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Respiration Disorders

Central Study Contacts

Youenn JOUAN, Dr

CONTACT

0247474038; youenn.jouan@gmail.com

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 25, 2024
• First Posted: December 6, 2024
• Study Start: May 5, 2025
• Primary Completion (Estimated): February 1, 2029
• Study Completion (Estimated): February 1, 2029
• Last Updated: May 29, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-05

Locations

FR (1)