The Effect of Post-Training Cold Compression in Professional Volleyball Players

NCT06701435 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: KSHU-ST-01
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 24
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Our study examining the effects of post-training cold compression on muscle oxygen saturation (MOS9), fatigue and jumping performance in professional male volleyball players.

Conditions

Healthy Men

Keywords

Oxygen saturation; jumping; volleyball; fatigue

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Muscle Oxygen Saturation Measurement

  Muscle oxygen saturation measurements of the athletes were performed with the MOXY device (Fortiori Design LLC., Minnesota, USA). The MOXY device sends 4 separate near infrared lights and works with a system that goes 12.5-25 mm deep into the skin and gives a numerical average of the amount of light reflected between the sensors. The infrared device, called near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), measures total hemoglobin, oxygen saturation in capillaries and myoglobin saturation in the muscle. The electrodes are self-adhesive. The device has been shown to be a valid and reliable method for measuring muscle oxygenation (r=0.842-0.993, ICC: r=0.773-0.992). In the athletes in our study, superficial electrodes were placed midline on the quadriceps femoris muscle on the dominant side. Before placement, the electrode sites were shaved and cleaned with alcohol. All measurements were made at the same point and taken in the long sitting position.

  Muscle oxygen saturation measurements were taken before and immediately after training. Subsequently, the measurement was repeated after 15 minutes of passive rest or cold compression and 24 hours later at follow-up.

Secondary Outcomes (2)

• Fatigue Measurement

  Fatigue measurements of the athletes were taken before and immediately after training. Subsequently, the measurement was repeated after 15 minutes of intervention and at follow-up after 24 hours.

• Performance Measurement

  The jump heights of the athletes were automatically recorded with the Vert Coach in the training just before the application and in the second training 24 hours later and were included in the evaluation form.

Study Arms (3)

1 Degree Cold Compression Group

Cold compression application was performed using Game Ready for 15 minutes. The target temperature was manually set to 1°C and the pressure was set to high compression (75 mm Hg). Since it is known that the applied pressure increases the effect of cold application and oxygenation in the tissue increases as the compression intensity increases (108), it was applied in the high option. Duration was preferred because the optimal range for the duration of cold applications is given as 11-15 minutes in the literature (120). Pneumatic intermittent compression with a standard ∼3-minute cycle was applied to both lower legs using a thigh wrap. The application was performed with the athletes in the supine semi-recumbent position.

Device: Cold Compression

10 Degree Cold Compression Group

Cold compression application was performed using Game Ready for 15 minutes. The target temperature was manually set to 10°C and the pressure to high compression (75 mm Hg). Pneumatic intermittent compression in a standard ∼3 min cycle was applied to both lower legs using a thigh wrap. The application was performed with the athletes in the supine semi-recumbent position.

Device: Cold Compression

Passive Rest Control Group

The athletes rested passively in the supine semi-recumbent position for 15 minutes after the training.

Interventions

Cold Compression DEVICE

Cold compression was applied to the athletes with the Game Ready (Game Ready; Global, UK) device. The Game Ready (GR) device applies cooling to the tissue by continuous circulation of ice water with intermittent pneumatic compression. The GR consists of a sleeve that surrounds the affected tissue, a tank containing the ice water and a hose connecting the two. There are chambers inside the sleeve and the air pumped through these chambers and the broken ice pieces and water surround the tissue. The pressure settings are no compression (0 mmHg), low compression (5 to 15 mmHg), medium compression (5 to 50 mmHg) and high compression (5 to 75 mmHg). The ice water passes through the sleeve in 3-minute inflation and deflation cycles. The temperature of the water inside the device can be adjusted by adding ice and water. The temperature to be applied to the tissue is set with the screen on the device.

1 Degree Cold Compression Group; 10 Degree Cold Compression Group

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 37 Years
• Gender Eligibility Details: Men's
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)
• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Professional Men's Volleyball Players

You may qualify if:

• Professional male volleyball player
• Performing 100-120 jumps in training (The number of jumps of the athletes in training was determined by Vert Classic (Model #JEM, Mayfonk Athletic, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA).
• Body Mass Index (BMI) below 30 kg/m2
• Voluntary participation in the study

You may not qualify if:

• Smoking
• The presence of any neurological, rheumatologic or systemic disease
• Any injury or trauma to the quadriceps muscle and lower extremity in the last six months
• The athlete has exercised after training

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Kutahya Health Sciences University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Kutahya Health and Science University

Kütahya, Centre, 43020, Turkey (Türkiye)

Location

Related Publications (3)

• Bhambhani YN. Muscle oxygenation trends during dynamic exercise measured by near infrared spectroscopy. Can J Appl Physiol. 2004 Aug;29(4):504-23. doi: 10.1139/h04-033.

  PMID: 15328597 BACKGROUND

• Alexander J, Jeffery J, Rhodes D. Recovery profiles of eccentric hamstring strength in response to cooling and compression. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2021 Jul;27:9-15. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2021.03.010. Epub 2021 Mar 28.

  PMID: 34391318 BACKGROUND

• Chow GCC, Yam TTT, Chung JWY, Fong SSM. Effects of postexercise ice-water and room-temperature water immersion on the sensory organization of balance control and lower limb proprioception in amateur rugby players: A randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017 Feb;96(7):e6146. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000006146.

  PMID: 28207546 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Fatigue

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Officials

• seval tamer, asist. prof

  worker

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: OTHER
• Time Perspective: CROSS SECTIONAL
• Target Duration: 24 Days
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 20, 2024
• First Posted: November 22, 2024
• Study Start: October 20, 2023
• Primary Completion: May 20, 2024
• Study Completion: May 20, 2024
• Last Updated: December 12, 2024

Record last verified: 2023-10

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)