Comparison of the Effects of Peripheral Muscle Training and Inspiratory Muscle Training in Geriatric Individuals

NCT06321263 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: 798307
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 30
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

In geriatric individuals, there is a decrease in muscle strength, muscle mass and physical performance with ageing. These physiological changes occurring in geriatric individuals make maintaining the physical activity necessary for a healthy life difficult. Weakness of respiratory muscles in geriatric individuals can increase the prevalence of diseases and disability. It has been shown in the literature that peripheral muscle training and inspiratory muscle training increase exercise capacity similarly. The effectiveness of moderate-intensity peripheral muscle training and inspiratory muscle training in sarcopenic geriatric individuals was compared and found to have similar effects on muscle strength. Our study aims to compare the effects of inspiratory and peripheral muscle training in addition to aerobic exercise on muscle strength, physical performance, respiratory muscle strength, functional capacity, sarcopenia, and quality of life.

Conditions

Muscle Strength

Keywords

Muscle strength; Physical performance; Respiratory muscle strength; Functional capacity; Quality of life

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (6)

• The sociodemographic data form

  Socio-demographic data of individuals (name-surname, age, gender, height,weight, smoking, occupation, education) will be collected with the demographic data collection form created by the researchers. In the clinical information section, other diseases and medications used will be recorded.

  Ten weeks

• Hand grip strength

  Three consecutive measurements will be made on the dominant hand with a Jamar hand dynamometer, 1 minute apart, and the highest value will be recorded.

  Ten weeks

• Maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures (MIP, MEP)

  Static inspiratory (MIP) or expiratory (MEP) mouth pressures assess respiratory muscle strength.

  Ten weeks

• 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT)

  The 6MWT will be used to measure functional capacity.

  Ten weeks

• The Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)

  SPPB is a set of tests that combine gait speed, chair stand, and balance measures. It is used to predict possible disability and monitor function in older individuals.

  Ten weeks

• Assessment of seniors᾽ quality of life: WHOQOL-OLD questionnaire

  WHOQOL-OLD, a 24-item QOL measure, was developed by the WHOQOL Group as an add-on module to their QOL measures, specifically for use with older adults. A total score is the mean of the summed facet scores and ranges from one to five, with higher scores indicating better QOL.

  Ten weeks

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• SARC-F questionnaire

  Ten weeks

Other Outcomes (1)

• Canadian Occupational Performance Measure

  Ten weeks

Study Arms (2)

Peripheral Muscle Training Group

EXPERIMENTAL

Older individuals in this group will participate in group exercise training, including aerobic and resistance training, twice a week for ten weeks, each session supervised by a researcher physiotherapist and lasting one hour.

Other: Peripheral Muscle Training and step aerobics training

Inspiratory Muscle Training Group:

EXPERIMENTAL

Older people in this group will perform aerobic and resistance training for 1 hour a day, twice a week for ten weeks, under the supervision of a researcher physiotherapist. As for Inspiratory Muscle Training, they will participate in training with 30 breathing cycles a day, six days a week, for ten weeks (two days in the clinic, four days at home).

Other: Inspiratory Muscle Training and step aerobics training

Interventions

Peripheral Muscle Training and step aerobics training OTHER

First 5-minute warm-up in the protocol (calisthenic exercises); 30-40 minutes of resistance exercises and step aerobic exercises and the last 5 minutes cooling (stretching exercises) period will be applied.

Also known as: Peripheral Muscle Training

Peripheral Muscle Training Group

Inspiratory Muscle Training and step aerobics training OTHER

First 5-minute warm-up in the protocol (calisthenic exercises); 30-40 minutes of resistance exercises and step aerobic exercises and the last 5 minutes cooling (stretching exercises) period will be applied.

Also known as: Inspiratory Muscle Training

Inspiratory Muscle Training Group:

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 65 Years - 80 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• years to 80 years (Older ),
• Standardised Mini Mental Test score ≥ 20,
• To walk 10 meters with or without an assistive device,
• If the participants answered No all of the questions of The Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire
• Volunteering to participate in the study

You may not qualify if:

• With serious neurological and orthopedic problems that may prevent them from exercising,
• With serious vision and hearing problems,
• With a psychiatric disease,
• With serious cardiac and pulmonary system diseases that may prevent them from exercising,
• With vestibular system problems or medication use that may affect the vestibular system,
• Smokers.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Biruni University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Golden Years Life Center

Çanakkale, Turkey (Türkiye)

RECRUITING

Related Publications (15)

• ATS Committee on Proficiency Standards for Clinical Pulmonary Function Laboratories. ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2002 Jul 1;166(1):111-7. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.166.1.at1102. No abstract available.

  PMID: 12091180 BACKGROUND

• Ferraro FV, Gavin JP, Wainwright TW, McConnell AK. Comparison of balance changes after inspiratory muscle or Otago exercise training. PLoS One. 2020 Jan 24;15(1):e0227379. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227379. eCollection 2020.

  PMID: 31978126 BACKGROUND

• Flor-Rufino C, Barrachina-Igual J, Perez-Ros P, Pablos-Monzo A, Martinez-Arnau FM. Resistance training of peripheral muscles benefits respiratory parameters in older women with sarcopenia: Randomized controlled trial. Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2023 Jan;104:104799. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104799. Epub 2022 Aug 29.

  PMID: 36070636 BACKGROUND

• Hallage T, Krause MP, Haile L, Miculis CP, Nagle EF, Reis RS, Da Silva SG. The effects of 12 weeks of step aerobics training on functional fitness of elderly women. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Aug;24(8):2261-6. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181ddacc6.

  PMID: 20634751 BACKGROUND

• Cebria I Iranzo MA, Balasch-Bernat M, Tortosa-Chulia MA, Balasch-Parisi S. Effects of Resistance Training of Peripheral Muscles Versus Respiratory Muscles in Older Adults With Sarcopenia Who are Institutionalized: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Aging Phys Act. 2018 Oct 1;26(4):637-646. doi: 10.1123/japa.2017-0268. Epub 2018 Aug 27.

  PMID: 29431561 BACKGROUND

• Joung HJ, Lee Y. Effect of Creative Dance on Fitness, Functional Balance, and Mobility Control in the Elderly. Gerontology. 2019;65(5):537-546. doi: 10.1159/000499402. Epub 2019 May 3.

  PMID: 31055579 BACKGROUND

• Kalapotharakos VI, Diamantopoulos K, Tokmakidis SP. Effects of resistance training and detraining on muscle strength and functional performance of older adults aged 80 to 88 years. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2010 Apr;22(2):134-40. doi: 10.1007/BF03324786.

  PMID: 20440099 BACKGROUND

• Kim SH, Shin MJ, Lee JM, Huh S, Shin YB. Effects of a new respiratory muscle training device in community-dwelling elderly men: an open-label, randomized, non-inferiority trial. BMC Geriatr. 2022 Feb 24;22(1):155. doi: 10.1186/s12877-022-02828-8.

  PMID: 35209851 BACKGROUND

• Laveneziana P, Albuquerque A, Aliverti A, Babb T, Barreiro E, Dres M, Dube BP, Fauroux B, Gea J, Guenette JA, Hudson AL, Kabitz HJ, Laghi F, Langer D, Luo YM, Neder JA, O'Donnell D, Polkey MI, Rabinovich RA, Rossi A, Series F, Similowski T, Spengler CM, Vogiatzis I, Verges S. ERS statement on respiratory muscle testing at rest and during exercise. Eur Respir J. 2019 Jun 13;53(6):1801214. doi: 10.1183/13993003.01214-2018. Print 2019 Jun.

  PMID: 30956204 BACKGROUND

• Malmstrom TK, Morley JE. SARC-F: a simple questionnaire to rapidly diagnose sarcopenia. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013 Aug;14(8):531-2. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.05.018. Epub 2013 Jun 25. No abstract available.

  PMID: 23810110 BACKGROUND

• Power M, Quinn K, Schmidt S; WHOQOL-OLD Group. Development of the WHOQOL-old module. Qual Life Res. 2005 Dec;14(10):2197-214. doi: 10.1007/s11136-005-7380-9.

  PMID: 16328900 BACKGROUND

• Puthoff ML. Outcome measures in cardiopulmonary physical therapy: short physical performance battery. Cardiopulm Phys Ther J. 2008 Mar;19(1):17-22. No abstract available.

  PMID: 20467494 BACKGROUND

• Segev-Jacubovski O, Herman T, Yogev-Seligmann G, Mirelman A, Giladi N, Hausdorff JM. The interplay between gait, falls and cognition: can cognitive therapy reduce fall risk? Expert Rev Neurother. 2011 Jul;11(7):1057-75. doi: 10.1586/ern.11.69.

  PMID: 21721921 BACKGROUND

• Seixas MB, Almeida LB, Trevizan PF, Martinez DG, Laterza MC, Vanderlei LCM, Silva LP. Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training in Older Adults. Respir Care. 2020 Apr;65(4):535-544. doi: 10.4187/respcare.06945. Epub 2019 Oct 29.

  PMID: 31662444 BACKGROUND

• Woo J, Leung J, Morley JE. Validating the SARC-F: a suitable community screening tool for sarcopenia? J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2014 Sep;15(9):630-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2014.04.021. Epub 2014 Jun 16.

  PMID: 24947762 BACKGROUND

Study Officials

• Buket Akıncı, Ass.Prof.

  Biruni University

  STUDY DIRECTOR

• Sezen Uyanık, MSc

  Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Buket Akıncı, Ass.Prof.

CONTACT

902124448276; bakinci@biruni.edu.tr

Sezen Uyanık, MSc

CONTACT

902862180018; sezen.uyanik@comu.edu.tr

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: DOUBLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Associate professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: March 14, 2024
• First Posted: March 20, 2024
• Study Start: March 25, 2024
• Primary Completion: September 27, 2024
• Study Completion: June 1, 2025
• Last Updated: May 28, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-05

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

TU (1)