NCT06077422

Brief Summary

The goal of this pilot study is to describe and compare Ultrasound-Guided Erector Spinae Plane (ESP) Blocks using Exparel® (bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension) to Marcaine® (bupivacaine hydrochloride) for pain management and outcomes after cardiac surgeries.

Trial Health

75
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
150

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_2

Timeline
11mo left

Started Jan 2024

Typical duration for phase_2

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
enrolling by invitation

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress72%
Jan 2024Apr 2027

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

July 15, 2023

Completed
3 months until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

October 11, 2023

Completed
3 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

January 11, 2024

Completed
3 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

January 11, 2027

Expected
3 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

April 5, 2027

Last Updated

February 17, 2026

Status Verified

February 1, 2026

Enrollment Period

3 years

First QC Date

July 15, 2023

Last Update Submit

February 12, 2026

Conditions

Keywords

plane blocksternotomythoracotomycardiacsurgerypostoperativepainanesthesiaopioidpragmatic trial

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Postoperative opioid consumption

    Postoperative opioid consumption within first five postoperative days, reported as average mg/day in morphine equivalents.

    Postoperative days 0 through 5

Secondary Outcomes (7)

  • Postoperative nonopioid analgesic consumption

    Postoperative days 0 through 5

  • Inpatient postoperative pain score

    Postoperative days 0 through 5

  • Outpatient postoperative pain score

    Obtained within 30 days following surgery

  • 30-day mortality rate

    Through postoperative day 30

  • 30-day major morbidity rate

    Through postoperative day 30

  • +2 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Exparel

EXPERIMENTAL

The experimental medication (Exparel) will be administered per standard of care via ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane (ESP) blocks, bilaterally for sternotomy and unilaterally for mini-thoracotomy. The drug will be administered prior to cardiac surgery. The dosage will be determined by patient body weight. For this pilot project the investigators anticipate consenting 150 subjects to obtain 96 evaluable subjects; 48 Mini thoractomies (N=24 Exparel, N=24 Marcaine) 48 Open sternotomies (N=24 Exparel, N=24 Marcaine).

Drug: bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension

Marcaine

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

The active comparator medication (Marcaine) will be administered per standard of care via ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane (ESP) blocks, bilaterally for sternotomy and unilaterally for mini-thoracotomy. The drug will be administered prior to cardiac surgery. The dosage will be determined by patient body weight. For this pilot project the investigators anticipate consenting 150 subjects to obtain 96 evaluable subjects; 48 Mini thoracotomies (N=24 Exparel, N=24 Marcaine) 48 Open sternotomies (N=24 Exparel, N=24 Marcaine).

Drug: Bupivacaine Hydrochloride

Interventions

Bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension (Exparel) will be administered by ultrasound-guided ESP block, unilaterally if thoracotomy on ipsilateral side, bilaterally if median sternotomy.

Also known as: Exparel
Exparel

Bupivacaine HCl (Marcaine) will be administered by ultrasound-guided ESP block, unilaterally if thoracotomy on ipsilateral side, bilaterally if median sternotomy.

Also known as: Marcaine
Marcaine

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Adults (18 years-no upper age limit)
  • Scheduled for mini thoracotomy (i.e. valve repair) or open sternotomy (i.e. bypass graft) at single academic medical center (in and out-patients).

You may not qualify if:

  • Patients will be excluded if they:
  • Are currently on pain medication or pain regimen for chronic pain condition
  • Convert to sternotomy (for thoracotomies)
  • Require, upon intraoperative discovery and surgeon's decision, the need for an unplanned secondary procedure other than the originally scheduled index operation
  • Undergo emergent surgery
  • Are non-English speaking (The majority of the PI's patient population speak English. As a pilot study the investigators cannot afford to enroll non-English speaking subjects due to time, personnel, and financial constraints.)
  • Mechanical circulatory support (MCS)
  • Vasoactive medications
  • Intubated
  • Active infection
  • Patients otherwise deemed ineligible for ESP block by the investigators due to safety concerns.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Rutgers RWJMS

New Brunswick, New Jersey, 08903, United States

Location

Related Publications (7)

  • Toscano A, Barbero C, Capuano P, Costamagna A, Pocar M, Trompeo A, Pasero D, Rinaldi M, Brazzi L. Chronic postsurgical pain and quality of life after right minithoracotomy mitral valve operations. J Card Surg. 2022 Jun;37(6):1585-1590. doi: 10.1111/jocs.16400. Epub 2022 Mar 11.

    PMID: 35274774BACKGROUND
  • Nagaraja PS, Ragavendran S, Singh NG, Asai O, Bhavya G, Manjunath N, Rajesh K. Comparison of continuous thoracic epidural analgesia with bilateral erector spinae plane block for perioperative pain management in cardiac surgery. Ann Card Anaesth. 2018 Jul-Sep;21(3):323-327. doi: 10.4103/aca.ACA_16_18.

    PMID: 30052229BACKGROUND
  • Macaire P, Ho N, Nguyen T, Nguyen B, Vu V, Quach C, Roques V, Capdevila X. Ultrasound-Guided Continuous Thoracic Erector Spinae Plane Block Within an Enhanced Recovery Program Is Associated with Decreased Opioid Consumption and Improved Patient Postoperative Rehabilitation After Open Cardiac Surgery-A Patient-Matched, Controlled Before-and-After Study. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2019 Jun;33(6):1659-1667. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2018.11.021. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

    PMID: 30665850BACKGROUND
  • Song K, Xu Q, Knott VH, Zhao CB, Clifford SP, Kong M, Slaughter MS, Huang Y, Huang J. Liposomal Bupivacaine-Based Erector Spinae Block for Cardiac Surgery. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2021 May;35(5):1555-1559. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2020.09.115. Epub 2020 Sep 20. No abstract available.

    PMID: 33046362BACKGROUND
  • Collins JB, Song J, Mahabir RC. Onset and duration of intradermal mixtures of bupivacaine and lidocaine with epinephrine. Can J Plast Surg. 2013 Spring;21(1):51-3. doi: 10.1177/229255031302100112.

    PMID: 24431939BACKGROUND
  • Gadsden J, Long WJ. Time to Analgesia Onset and Pharmacokinetics After Separate and Combined Administration of Liposome Bupivacaine and Bupivacaine HCl: Considerations for Clinicians. Open Orthop J. 2016 Apr 12;10:94-104. doi: 10.2174/1874325001610010094. eCollection 2016.

    PMID: 27347237BACKGROUND
  • Sandhu HK, Miller CC 3rd, Tanaka A, Estrera AL, Charlton-Ouw KM. Effectiveness of Standard Local Anesthetic Bupivacaine and Liposomal Bupivacaine for Postoperative Pain Control in Patients Undergoing Truncal Incisions: A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Netw Open. 2021 Mar 1;4(3):e210753. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.0753.

    PMID: 33724391BACKGROUND

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Pain, PostoperativeHeart DiseasesPain

Interventions

Bupivacaine

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Postoperative ComplicationsPathologic ProcessesPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsNeurologic ManifestationsSigns and SymptomsCardiovascular Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

AnilidesAmidesOrganic ChemicalsAniline CompoundsAmines

Study Officials

  • Leonard Y Lee, MD

    Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Dept of Surgery

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 2
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
James W. Mackenzie, M.D. Professor and Chair, Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

July 15, 2023

First Posted

October 11, 2023

Study Start

January 11, 2024

Primary Completion (Estimated)

January 11, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

April 5, 2027

Last Updated

February 17, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-02

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations