NCT05991453

Brief Summary

The investigators will conduct a 13,000-patient randomized multi-center trial to determine (i) which general anesthesia technique yields superior patient recovery experiences in any of three surgical categories ((a) major inpatient surgery, (b) minor inpatient surgery, (c) outpatient surgery) and (ii) whether TIVA confers no more than a small (0.2 %) increased risk of intraoperative awareness than INVA in patients undergoing both outpatient and inpatient surgeries

Trial Health

77
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
13,000

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
27mo left

Started Sep 2023

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

20 active sites

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress54%
Sep 2023Jul 2028

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

June 23, 2023

Completed
2 months until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 14, 2023

Completed
1 month until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

September 13, 2023

Completed
3.9 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

July 31, 2027

Expected
1 year until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

July 31, 2028

Last Updated

August 5, 2025

Status Verified

July 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

3.9 years

First QC Date

June 23, 2023

Last Update Submit

July 30, 2025

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

  • Patient Reported Quality of Recovery-15 (QOR15) score on postoperative day 1 after major inpatient surgery

    The QOR15 instrument measures quality of recovery with a score of 0 - 150 points where the higher the score the better quality of recovery.

    Postoperative day 1

  • Patient Reported Quality of Recovery-15 (QOR15) score on postoperative day 1 after minor inpatient surgery

    The QOR15 instrument measures quality of recovery with a score of 0 - 150 points where the higher the score the better quality of recovery.

    Postoperative day 1

  • Patient Reported Quality of Recovery-15 (QOR15) score on postoperative day 1 after outpatient surgery

    The QOR15 instrument measures quality of recovery with a score of 0 - 150 points where the higher the score the better quality of recovery.

    Postoperative day 1

  • Incidence of definite intraoperative awareness with recall

    The modified Brice questionnaire is used to screen for intraoperative awareness. A positive screen (a patient who reports remembering anything between going to sleep for their surgical procedure and waking up after) on the modified Brice questionnaire is followed by a structured interview. A panel of expert adjudicators determines whether or not this was definite intraoperative awareness.

    Postoperative day 30

Secondary Outcomes (56)

  • Patient Reported Quality of Recovery-15 (QOR15) score on postoperative day 0 after major inpatient surgery

    postoperative day 0

  • Patient Reported Quality of Recovery-15 (QOR15) score on postoperative day 0 after minor inpatient surgery

    postoperative day 0

  • Patient Reported Quality of Recovery-15 (QOR15) score on postoperative day 0 after outpatient surgery

    postoperative day 0

  • Patient Reported Quality of Recovery-15 (QOR15) score on postoperative day 2 after major inpatient surgery

    postoperative day 2

  • Patient Reported Quality of Recovery-15 (QOR15) score on postoperative day 2 after minor inpatient surgery

    postoperative day 2

  • +51 more secondary outcomes

Other Outcomes (63)

  • Daily step count as measured by wearable device at baseline for those scheduled for major inpatient surgery.

    1 - 7 days prior to surgery

  • Daily step count as measured by wearable device at baseline for those scheduled for minor inpatient surgery.

    1 - 7 days prior to surgery

  • Daily step count as measured by wearable device at baseline for those scheduled for outpatient surgery.

    1 - 7 days prior to surgery

  • +60 more other outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Propofol total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA)

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

No administration of inhaled agent.

Other: Anesthetic technique Propofol TIVA

inhaled volatile general anesthesia (INVA)

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Must administer inhaled agent.

Other: Anesthetic technique inhaled agent

Interventions

Propofol TIVA no inhaled agent

Also known as: Propofol TIVA
Propofol total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA)

Must administer inhaled agent.

Also known as: Inhaled agent
inhaled volatile general anesthesia (INVA)

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Each patient must meet all of the following criteria:
  • Aged 18 years or older
  • Undergoing elective non-cardiac surgery expected to last ≥ 60 min requiring general anesthesia with a tracheal tube or laryngeal mask airway (or similar supra-glottic device)

You may not qualify if:

  • Patients will not be enrolled if any of the following criteria are met:
  • Inability to provide informed consent in English (at all study sites) or Spanish (at sites where Spanish consent is provided as an option)
  • Pregnancy (based on patient report or positive test on the day of surgery)
  • Surgical procedure requiring general, regional, neuraxial anesthesia administered by an anesthesia clinician (anesthesiologist, CRNA, anesthesiology assistant) occurring within 30 days prior to or planned to occur within 30 days after surgery date
  • Contraindication to propofol TIVA or INVA (for example, documented allergy to propofol, history of severe postoperative nausea or vomiting, concern for or history of malignant hyperthermia) based on self-report
  • Surgical procedures requiring a specific general anesthesia technique (for example, TIVA required for neuromonitoring).
  • Locally approved, written protocol mandating a particular anesthetic technique
  • History of possible or definite intraoperative awareness during general anesthesia based on patient self-report
  • Planned postoperative intubation
  • Current incarceration

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (20)

University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS)

Little Rock, Arkansas, 72205, United States

RECRUITING

University of California San Francisco

San Francisco, California, 94143, United States

RECRUITING

Stanford University

Stanford, California, 94305, United States

NOT YET RECRUITING

Yale School of Medicine

New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, United States

RECRUITING

Massachusetts General Hospital

Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, United States

RECRUITING

Brigham & Women's

Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States

RECRUITING

University of Michigan

Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, United States

RECRUITING

Henry Ford Health

Detroit, Michigan, 48202, United States

RECRUITING

Washington University School of Medicine

St Louis, Missouri, 63110, United States

RECRUITING

Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center

Lebanon, New Hampshire, 03756, United States

RECRUITING

NYU Langone

New York, New York, 10012, United States

RECRUITING

Weill Cornell Medicine

New York, New York, 10065, United States

RECRUITING

Duke University

Durham, North Carolina, 27708, United States

RECRUITING

Wake Forest

Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27109, United States

RECRUITING

Oregon Health and Sciences University

Portland, Oregon, 97239, United States

RECRUITING

University of Pennsylvania

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States

NOT YET RECRUITING

University of Texas - MD Anderson

Houston, Texas, 77030, United States

RECRUITING

University of Utah - Medical

Salt Lake City, Utah, 84132, United States

RECRUITING

UVA Health

Charlottesville, Virginia, 22908, United States

RECRUITING

University of Washington

Seattle, Washington, 98195, United States

RECRUITING

Related Publications (1)

  • Tellor Pennington BR, Janda AM, Colquhoun DA, Neuman MD, Kidwell KM, Spino C, Thelen-Perry S, Krambrink A, Huang S, Ignacio R, Wu Z, Swisher L, Cloyd C, Vaughn MT, Pescatore NA, Bollini ML, Mashour GA, Hassett A, Kent CD, Vlisides PE, Avidan MS, Kheterpal S; Ë THRIVE Research Group. Trajectories of Recovery after Intravenous propofol versus inhaled VolatilE anaesthesia (THRIVE) randomised controlled trial in the USA: A protocol. BMJ Open. 2025 Sep 14;15(9):e103836. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-103836.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Intraoperative AwarenessPain, Postoperative

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Intraoperative ComplicationsPathologic ProcessesPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsPostoperative ComplicationsPainNeurologic ManifestationsSigns and Symptoms

Study Officials

  • Sachin Kheterpal, MD

    University of Michigan

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Michael S Avidan, MBBCh

    Washington University School of Medicine

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Allison Janda, MD

    University of Michigan

    STUDY DIRECTOR
  • Mark Neuman, MD

    University of Pennsylvania

    STUDY DIRECTOR
  • Bethany Pennington, PharmD

    Washington University School of Medicine

    STUDY DIRECTOR
  • Douglas Colquhoun, MBChB

    University of Michigan

    STUDY DIRECTOR

Central Study Contacts

Laura Swisher

CONTACT

Sherry McKinnon

CONTACT

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
TRIPLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
OTHER
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor of Anesthesiology

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

June 23, 2023

First Posted

August 14, 2023

Study Start

September 13, 2023

Primary Completion (Estimated)

July 31, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

July 31, 2028

Last Updated

August 5, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-07

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

Per the contract with the funder PCORI, the THRIVE Data Sharing Plan will be consistent with PCORI's Policy for Data Management and Data Sharing, which calls for the researchers PCORI funds to share their data sets and documentation for reanalysis and reuse. THRIVE will upload a deidentified dataset to the Patient-Centered Outcomes Data Repository (PCODR), which was created and is hosted by the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR), a unit within the Institute for Social Research at the University of Michigan. The THRIVE study, as the Awardee, will enter into a Data Contributor Agreement (DCA) with ICPSR. The DCA governs the data deposition and establishes the Awardee's rights and obligations. The data package will be transferred to the data repository by October 1, 2028, per the contract with PCORI.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL
Time Frame
The data package will be transferred to the data repository by October 1, 2028, per the contract with PCORI.
Access Criteria
PCORI's access criteria and data sharing policy for third parties can be found here https://www.pcori.org/sites/default/files/PCORI-Policy-for-Data-Management-and-Data-Sharing.pdf
More information

Locations