NCT05990296

Brief Summary

Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is associated with high mortality and adverse events (hospitalization or urgent outpatient visits for HF), along with diminished quality of life. Despite convincing data that evidenced-based, guideline-directed medical therapies (GDMT) improve mortality and heart failure-related events, there remains insufficient utilization of these life-saving drugs (evidence-based beta-blockers (EBBB), angiotensin-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI)/ angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi)/ angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB), mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) in patients with HFrEF. The primary objective of this study is to implement and evaluate a multifaceted, interdisciplinary intervention to improve GDMT use, reduce mortality, and reduce future heart failure events in patients with HFrEF.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
4,306

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable heart-failure

Timeline
Completed

Started Aug 2023

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

July 31, 2023

Completed
1 day until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

August 1, 2023

Completed
13 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 14, 2023

Completed
1.5 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

February 17, 2025

Completed
3 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 17, 2025

Completed
Last Updated

September 19, 2025

Status Verified

September 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

1.6 years

First QC Date

July 31, 2023

Last Update Submit

September 17, 2025

Conditions

Keywords

Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection FractionGuideline Directed Medical TherapyAngiotensin-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI)Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i)Clinical Decision SupportBest Practice AlertPharmacistEducationBehavioral EconomicsBest Practice Advisory

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • HF GDMT prescription increased (yes/no)

    New GDMT HF medication class added, switch to ARNI from ACE/ARB, or upward dose titration of existing GDMT HF medication.

    Within 30 days of index visit

Secondary Outcomes (2)

  • HF GDMT prescription increased (yes/no)

    Within 60 and 90 days of index visit

  • Addition of SGLT2i or ARNI for HFrEF (yes/no)

    Within 30, 60 and 90 days of index visit

Other Outcomes (1)

  • All-cause mortality, emergency visit for heart failure or hospitalization for heart failure

    Within 365 days of index visit

Study Arms (6)

Control

NO INTERVENTION

Clinicians in this arm will not receive CDS or focused education and will experience usual care.

Multiprong CDS with GDMT order set

EXPERIMENTAL

Clinicians and patients with HFrEF in this arm will receive electronic notification of GDMT care gaps encouraging treatment options. The CDS will inform, encourage, and facilitate prescribing of GDMT via a focused order set.

Behavioral: Multiprong CDS with GDMT order set

Multiprong CDS with referral to pharmacist co-management

EXPERIMENTAL

Clinicians and patients with HFrEF in this arm will receive electronic notification of GDMT care gaps encouraging treatment options. The clinician-facing BPA will include an option to refer patients to embedded pharmacist co-management. Pharmacists are expected to meet with patients and optimize GDMT through a collaborative practice agreement with clinicians.

Behavioral: Multiprong CDS with referral to pharmacist co-management

Focused education

EXPERIMENTAL

Clinicians in this arm will receive focused education and no CDS.

Behavioral: Focused education

Multiprong CDS with GDMT order set + focused education

EXPERIMENTAL

Clinicians in this arm will receive focused education in addition to clinician BPA heads-up and BPA with GDMT order set for their eligible patients with HFrEF.

Behavioral: Multiprong CDS with GDMT order setBehavioral: Focused education

Multiprong CDS with referral to pharmacist co-management + focused education

EXPERIMENTAL

Clinicians in this arm will receive focused education along with clinicians/patient CDS. The clinician-facing BPA will include an option to refer patients to embedded pharmacist co-management. Pharmacists are expected to meet with patients and optimize GDMT through a collaborative practice agreement with clinicians.

Behavioral: Multiprong CDS with referral to pharmacist co-managementBehavioral: Focused education

Interventions

Accepting the clinician-facing BPA default recommendation will have eligible patients within this arm referred to embedded pharmacist co-management. Pharmacists are expected to meet with patients and optimize GDMT through a collaborative practice agreement with clinicians. Clinicians will also be exposed to an interruptive advisory upon chart entry as a notification to physicians on GDMT consideration. Patient responses to a pre-visit questionnaire encouraging them to ask about better treatment options will also be shown to clinicians within the interruptive BPA if completed in advance by the patient.

Also known as: Opt-out default, Active choice, Advisory, Alert
Multiprong CDS with referral to pharmacist co-managementMultiprong CDS with referral to pharmacist co-management + focused education

Accepting the clinician-facing BPA default recommendation will open an order set for GDMT that lists common recommended options in such a way that facilitates optimal prescribing. Clinicians will also be exposed to an interruptive advisory upon chart entry as a notification to physicians on GDMT consideration. Patient responses to a pre-visit questionnaire encouraging them to ask about better treatment options will also be shown to clinicians within the interruptive BPA if completed in advance by the patient.

Also known as: Opt-out default, Active choice, Default order of options, Advisory, Alert
Multiprong CDS with GDMT order setMultiprong CDS with GDMT order set + focused education

A series of focused, interactive education sessions will train clinicians in why, when, and how to prescribe GDMT to patients, with incentives such as continuing medical education (CME) credits, and with virtual and recorded options available to those who are unable to attend in-person meetings.

Also known as: Education, Training, Interactive
Focused educationMultiprong CDS with GDMT order set + focused educationMultiprong CDS with referral to pharmacist co-management + focused education

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Patients aged 18 years or older AND
  • Completed visit at included Geisinger cardiology outpatient clinics (office visit or telemedicine) AND
  • Clinicians are on a list of currently active Geisinger clinicians in outpatient cardiology clinics who can prescribe heart failure medications AND
  • Active problem list diagnosis of HFrEF at time of Cardiology clinic encounter OR Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) \< 40: most recent to the cardiology clinic encounter within 2 years of the visit.

You may not qualify if:

  • Currently in hospice or palliative care (ICD 10 code: Z51.5)
  • Patient is allergic to each category of GDMT
  • Patient is prescribed medications from all four categories of GDMT, including ARNI specifically

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Geisinger Cardiology Clinics

Danville, Pennsylvania, 17822, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Heart Failure

Interventions

CaffeineEducational StatusDrug Interactions

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Heart DiseasesCardiovascular Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

XanthinesAlkaloidsHeterocyclic CompoundsPurinonesPurinesHeterocyclic Compounds, 2-RingHeterocyclic Compounds, Fused-RingSocioeconomic FactorsPopulation CharacteristicsPharmacological PhenomenaPharmacological and Toxicological PhenomenaPhysiological Phenomena

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: This is a cluster randomized (at clinician level) design in terms of assignment to no-intervention control, multiprong CDS with GDMT order set, and multiprong CDS with referral to pharmacist co-management, and non-randomized (at clinic level) in terms of assignment to education versus delayed education arms.
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Associate Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

July 31, 2023

First Posted

August 14, 2023

Study Start

August 1, 2023

Primary Completion

February 17, 2025

Study Completion

May 17, 2025

Last Updated

September 19, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-09

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations