NCT05595356

Brief Summary

The aim of this phase II, randomized, double-blind clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of home-based transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in patients with treatment-resistant depression. Major depressive disorder is defined by depressed mood and/or loss of interest in activities, during most of the day, nearly every day, for at least two weeks. It is usually accompanied by other symptoms, such as fatigue, sleep disturbances, thoughts of guilt, suicidal ideation, appetite alterations, difficulty to focus and physical agitation or retardation. It is estimated that its worldwide prevalence is 5%, affecting 280-300 million people. A third of patients with depression will develop treatment resistant depression, where symptoms fail to remit after at least two trials of antidepressants. Beyond psychotropics, another treatment option is neuromodulation, where excitatory or inhibitory signals are delivered to the brain, in order to modulate cortical excitability. The tDCS is a non-invasive brain stimulation method that applies a low intensity direct current (1-2mA) directed to the scalp via the cathode and anode electrodes. The current reaches the cortex, facilitating hyperpolarization or depolarization of the axonal membrane potential. Evidence has shown that this method is presented as a technique able to alter cortical and subcortical neural networks. This technique has been used to treat psychiatric disorders such as depression, bipolar affective disorder, panic, hallucinations, obsessive compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, withdrawal, rehabilitation after stroke and pain syndromes such as neuropathic pain, migraine and fibromyalgia. It has a low cost and less side effects than psychotropic medications. In order to be effective, daily repeated sessions of 20-40 minutes are necessary. When applied in a hospital setting, this frequency of sessions can limit its appliance, especially for depressed patients, whose symptoms include fatigue and loss of interest in activities. Furthermore, transportation costs, frequent absences from work and other activities and overload of the healthcare system would also limit its use. Home based devices are portable and easily operated. Thus, it is possible for patients to administer themselves the treatment, in their own home, everyday. Therefore, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of home-based tDCS in treatment resistant depression patients in long-term treatment.

Trial Health

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Monitor

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Trial has exceeded expected completion date
Enrollment
106

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Jul 2022

Longer than P75 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

July 1, 2022

Completed
3 months until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

October 13, 2022

Completed
13 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

October 26, 2022

Completed
2.7 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

June 30, 2025

Completed
6 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 20, 2025

Completed
Last Updated

April 30, 2024

Status Verified

April 1, 2024

Enrollment Period

3 years

First QC Date

October 13, 2022

Last Update Submit

April 29, 2024

Conditions

Keywords

Treatment Resistant DepressionTranscranial Direct Current Stimulation

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Change in scores obtained in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale

    Change in depressive symptoms, measured by the 17-item version of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, before, during and after application of home-based tDCS. The score values ranges from 0 to 49, and higher scores represent worse outcomes.

    Assessed in visit 2 (baseline pre-sham stimulation, week 0), visit 3 (baseline post-sham stimulation, week 2), visit 4 (middle of the trial, week 5), visit 5 (upon trial completion, week 8) and visit 6 (3 months after trial completion)

Secondary Outcomes (20)

  • Change in scores in the Patient Health Questionnaire - 9

    Assessed in visit 2 (baseline pre-sham stimulation, week 0), visit 3 (baseline post-sham stimulation, week 2), visit 4 (middle of the trial, week 5), visit 5 (upon trial completion, week 8) and visit 6 (3 months after trial completion)

  • Change in Clinical Global Impression of Severity scores

    Assessed in visit 2 (baseline pre-sham stimulation, week 0), visit 4 (middle of the trial, week 5), visit 5 (upon trial completion, week 8) and visit 6 (3 months after trial completion)

  • Change in the Eurohis-Quality of Life Index

    Assessed in visit 2 (baseline pre-sham stimulation, week 0), visit 4 (middle of the trial, week 5) and visit 5 (upon trial completion, week 8)

  • Change in the 12-item World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule II

    Assessed in visit 2 (baseline pre-sham stimulation, week 0), visit 4 (middle of the trial, week 5) and visit 5 (upon trial completion, week 8)

  • Change in the Screen for Cognitive Impairment in Psychiatry

    Assessed in visit 2 (baseline pre-sham stimulation, week 0) and visit 5 (upon trial completion, week 8)

  • +15 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Active tDCS

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will receive 30 daily sessions of tDCS. Each session lasts 20 minutes, and delivers a current of 2mA.

Device: transcranial direct current stimulationDevice: run-in sham transcranial direct current stimulationBehavioral: Psychoeducation videoBehavioral: Tutorial video

Sham tDCS

SHAM COMPARATOR

Participants will receive 30 daily sessions of sham tDCS. Each session lasts 20 minutes, and the sham programming delivers 3 ramps of 30 seconds of active current, the first in the first minute of the session, the second after 10 minutes and the third at the last minute of the session.

Device: sham transcranial direct current stimulationDevice: run-in sham transcranial direct current stimulationBehavioral: Psychoeducation videoBehavioral: Tutorial video

Interventions

Session description: An electric current of 2mA will be delivered through 35 square centimeters electrodes covered by sponges dampened with saline to reduce impedance. The anode will be placed over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the cathode will be placed over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The electrodes will be fixed in a neoprene cap to ascertain their positioning. Session duration: 20 minutes Frequency of sessions: Daily sessions, from monday to friday, skipping weekends, during 6 weeks. Number of sessions: 30 sessions The first randomized session will be delivered in the third assessment visit, two weeks after the run-in sham session.

Also known as: tDCS
Active tDCS

Session description: Three ramps of 30 seconds of current will be delivered through 35 square centimeters electrodes covered by sponges dampened with saline to reduce impedance. One electrode will be placed over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the other electrode will be placed over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The electrodes will be fixed in a neoprene cap to ascertain their positioning. Session duration: 20 minutes Frequency of sessions: Daily sessions, from monday to friday, skipping weekends, during 6 weeks. Number of sessions: 30 sessions The first randomized session will be delivered in the third assessment visit, two weeks after the run-in sham session.

Also known as: sham tDCS, inactive transcranial direct current stimulation
Sham tDCS

In the second assessment visit, one run-in 20-minute session of sham stimulation, consisting of three ramps of 30 seconds of current, will be delivered through 35 square centimeters electrodes covered by sponges dampened with saline to reduce impedance. One electrode will be placed over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the other electrode will be placed over the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. The electrodes will be fixed in a neoprene cap to ascertain their positioning.

Also known as: run-in sham tDCS, inactive transcranial direct current stimulation
Active tDCSSham tDCS

Watching a video, produced by the research team, containing a brief explanation of what depression is and how it's treated.

Active tDCSSham tDCS
Tutorial videoBEHAVIORAL

Watching a video, produced by the research team, containing instructions on how to operate de tDCS devices.

Active tDCSSham tDCS

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Outpatients
  • Current diagnosis of Major Depressive Episode according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th edition) criteria
  • Presence of depressive symptoms that did not improve after at least two trials of first line antidepressants, for at least four weeks each, in optimized doses
  • Patients living in Porto Alegre or its metropolitan region
  • No changes in prescription in the last four weeks upon entering the trial

You may not qualify if:

  • Psychotic symptoms
  • Acute risk, or indication of hospitalization
  • Diagnosis of current Substance Use Disorder (alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, sedatives/hypnotics, stimulants, inhalants and others) according to DSM-V criteria
  • Presence of metallic implants or medical devices implanted in the brain
  • Pacemakers and cochlear implants
  • Neurological diseases: epilepsy, malformations
  • History of head trauma or neurosurgery
  • Pregnancy
  • Cognitive impairment severe enough to prevent the operation of the tDCS device without professional assistance

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre

Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, 90035903, Brazil

RECRUITING

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Depressive Disorder, Treatment-Resistant

Interventions

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Depressive DisorderMood DisordersMental Disorders

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Electric Stimulation TherapyTherapeuticsConvulsive TherapyPsychiatric Somatic TherapiesBehavioral Disciplines and ActivitiesElectroshockPsychological Techniques

Study Officials

  • Marcelo Pio de Almeida Fleck, MD

    Hospital de ClĂ­nicas de Porto Alegre

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
TRIPLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

October 13, 2022

First Posted

October 26, 2022

Study Start

July 1, 2022

Primary Completion

June 30, 2025

Study Completion

December 20, 2025

Last Updated

April 30, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-04

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations