NCT05473741|Completed
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Sponsor study identifier
observational
51
1 country
1
Study Start
January 11, 2023
Actual (reported)Primary Completion
October 27, 2025
Actual (reported)Study Completion
October 27, 2025
Actual (reported)This prospective longitudinal cohort study will follow patients with schizophrenia who are treated with second generation long-acting injectable antipsychotic medications (LAIs) for 48 weeks to determine the risk of psychotic symptom relapse when treatment adherence is established. The study is designed to minimize the other factors that have contributed to breakthrough psychotic symptoms in patients treated with LAIs including poor adherence, substance use, concurrent mood disorders, poor treatment response, failed cross-titration, and insufficient dosing. Eligible subjects will undergo a screening visit to document that inclusion criteria are met and those meeting exclusion criteria are excluded. Participants will be assessed every 12 weeks to determine whether they remain in remission or meet criteria for a relapse. More comprehensive assessment will be completed at the beginning of the study (baseline visit), at the 24-week study midpoint and the 48-week study endpoint. Plasma antipsychotic levels will be measured at these three study time points to investigate associations between plasma levels and remission/relapse status as well as side effects. Plasma prolactin will also be measured to assess the association with sexual side effects. Hemoglobin A1c and measures of total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol will be obtained to assess the effects of SGA LAIs on these measures.
Registry-reported information. Elapsed time and enrollment totals alone do not measure study progress or recruitment pace.
October 27, 2025
Actual (reported)Click on a node to explore related trials.
Some registry-reported names shown below are not yet linked in this graph.
Dates and qualifiers reported by the registry. Estimated dates do not confirm that a milestone has occurred.
July 22, 2022
Actual (reported)July 26, 2022
Actual (reported)January 11, 2023
Actual (reported)October 27, 2025
Actual (reported)October 27, 2025
Actual (reported)Clinical Global Impressions Schizophrenia Scale (CGI-SCH) - Positive Symptoms Change subscale
Subjects will be considered to have relapsed during the study if they are assessed as having a change score of 6 ("much worse") or 7 ("very much worse") on the Clinical Global Impressions Schizophrenia Scale (CGI-SCH) - Positive Symptoms Change subscale (Haro et al., 2003). The minimum score on this scale is "1" - "Very much improved" and the maximum score is "7" - "Very much worse". A higher score means a worse outcome.
Assessed at 12 weeks, 24 weeks, 36 weeks and 48 weeks
Clinical Global Impression Schizophrenia scale
Assessed at 24 weeks and 48 weeks
Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
Assessed at 24 weeks and 48 weeks
Calgary Depression Scale
Assessed at 24 weeks and 48 weeks
VAGUS Insight Into Psychosis Scale
Assessed at 24 weeks and 48 weeks
Personal and Social Performance Scale
Assessed at 24 weeks and 48 weeks
Outpatients with schizophrenia treated with second generation long-acting injectable antipsychotics whose psychotic symptoms have remitted.
Patients who have been stabilized on long-acting injectable formulations of paliperidone palmitate, risperidone and aripiprazole will be followed for 48 weeks to determine the rate of relapse when adherence is established. Blood samples to measure plasma antipsychotic levels and prolactin levels, and urine samples for drug screen will be collected at baseline and at the 24-week and 48-week time points.
Registry-reported names are shown in full. Names without a link have not yet been matched to a Syfrah profile.
The target population is individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia whose psychotic symptoms have remitted and are receiving outpatient care at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Patients who have been stabilized on long-acting injectable forms of either paliperidone palmitate, risperidone or aripiprazole with be invited to participate in this study. Participants will be recruited from seven CAMH outpatient treatment clinics that provide follow-up to individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia.
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
Toronto, Ontario, M6J 1H3, Canada
Alphs L, Nasrallah HA, Bossie CA, Fu DJ, Gopal S, Hough D, Turkoz I. Factors associated with relapse in schizophrenia despite adherence to long-acting injectable antipsychotic therapy. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2016 Jul;31(4):202-9. doi: 10.1097/YIC.0000000000000125.
Gaebel W, Schreiner A, Bergmans P, de Arce R, Rouillon F, Cordes J, Eriksson L, Smeraldi E. Relapse prevention in schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder with risperidone long-acting injectable vs quetiapine: results of a long-term, open-label, randomized clinical trial. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2010 Nov;35(12):2367-77. doi: 10.1038/npp.2010.111. Epub 2010 Aug 4.
1. Urine drug screens 2. Plasma antipsychotic levels 3. Plasma prolactin levels 4. Hemoglobin A1c 5. Lipid panel including total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol
Robert B Zipursky, MD
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health
51 participants (actual enrollment reported by the registry).
First Submitted
July 22, 2022
First Posted
July 26, 2022
Study Start
January 11, 2023
Actual (reported)Investigating the Muscarinic System in Schizophrenia Using Positron Emission Tomography
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Gaebel W, Riesbeck M, Wolwer W, Klimke A, Eickhoff M, von Wilmsdorff M, Lemke M, Heuser I, Maier W, Huff W, Schmitt A, Sauer H, Riedel M, Klingberg S, Kopcke W, Ohmann C, Moller HJ; German Study Group on First-Episode Schizophrenia. Relapse prevention in first-episode schizophrenia--maintenance vs intermittent drug treatment with prodrome-based early intervention: results of a randomized controlled trial within the German Research Network on Schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry. 2011 Feb;72(2):205-18. doi: 10.4088/JCP.09m05459yel. Epub 2010 Jun 29.
Haro JM, Kamath SA, Ochoa S, Novick D, Rele K, Fargas A, Rodriguez MJ, Rele R, Orta J, Kharbeng A, Araya S, Gervin M, Alonso J, Mavreas V, Lavrentzou E, Liontos N, Gregor K, Jones PB; SOHO Study Group. The Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia scale: a simple instrument to measure the diversity of symptoms present in schizophrenia. Acta Psychiatr Scand Suppl. 2003;(416):16-23. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0447.107.s416.5.x.
Ikai S, Remington G, Suzuki T, Takeuchi H, Tsuboi T, Den R, Hirano J, Tsunoda K, Nishimoto M, Watanabe K, Mimura M, Mamo D, Uchida H. A cross-sectional study of plasma risperidone levels with risperidone long-acting injectable: implications for dopamine D2 receptor occupancy during maintenance treatment in schizophrenia. J Clin Psychiatry. 2012 Aug;73(8):1147-52. doi: 10.4088/JCP.12m07638.
Kapur S, Zipursky R, Jones C, Remington G, Houle S. Relationship between dopamine D(2) occupancy, clinical response, and side effects: a double-blind PET study of first-episode schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Apr;157(4):514-20. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.4.514.
Kapur S, Zipursky RB, Remington G. Clinical and theoretical implications of 5-HT2 and D2 receptor occupancy of clozapine, risperidone, and olanzapine in schizophrenia. Am J Psychiatry. 1999 Feb;156(2):286-93. doi: 10.1176/ajp.156.2.286.
Kirson NY, Weiden PJ, Yermakov S, Huang W, Samuelson T, Offord SJ, Greenberg PE, Wong BJ. Efficacy and effectiveness of depot versus oral antipsychotics in schizophrenia: synthesizing results across different research designs. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013 Jun;74(6):568-75. doi: 10.4088/JCP.12r08167. Epub 2013 Apr 19.
Kishimoto T, Hagi K, Nitta M, Leucht S, Olfson M, Kane JM, Correll CU. Effectiveness of Long-Acting Injectable vs Oral Antipsychotics in Patients With Schizophrenia: A Meta-analysis of Prospective and Retrospective Cohort Studies. Schizophr Bull. 2018 Apr 6;44(3):603-619. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbx090.
Kishimoto T, Nitta M, Borenstein M, Kane JM, Correll CU. Long-acting injectable versus oral antipsychotics in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of mirror-image studies. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013 Oct;74(10):957-65. doi: 10.4088/JCP.13r08440.
Kishimoto T, Robenzadeh A, Leucht C, Leucht S, Watanabe K, Mimura M, Borenstein M, Kane JM, Correll CU. Long-acting injectable vs oral antipsychotics for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a meta-analysis of randomized trials. Schizophr Bull. 2014 Jan;40(1):192-213. doi: 10.1093/schbul/sbs150. Epub 2012 Dec 17.
Leucht S, Tardy M, Komossa K, Heres S, Kissling W, Salanti G, Davis JM. Antipsychotic drugs versus placebo for relapse prevention in schizophrenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2012 Jun 2;379(9831):2063-71. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60239-6. Epub 2012 May 3.
Olivares JM, Sermon J, Hemels M, Schreiner A. Definitions and drivers of relapse in patients with schizophrenia: a systematic literature review. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2013 Oct 23;12(1):32. doi: 10.1186/1744-859X-12-32.
Subotnik KL, Casaus LR, Ventura J, Luo JS, Hellemann GS, Gretchen-Doorly D, Marder S, Nuechterlein KH. Long-Acting Injectable Risperidone for Relapse Prevention and Control of Breakthrough Symptoms After a Recent First Episode of Schizophrenia. A Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Psychiatry. 2015 Aug;72(8):822-9. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.0270.
Primary Completion
October 27, 2025
Actual (reported)Study Completion
October 27, 2025
Actual (reported)Last Updated
April 14, 2026
Record last verified: 2026-03
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