Creatine Timing on Resistance Training Adaptations in College Athletes

NCT05451498 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: Protocol #2021-28
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 47
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

While the use of creatine monohydrate supplementation and its associated benefits are well researched and supported, the impact of the timing of when creatine is ingested is a highly nuanced topic. The potential for the timing of administration to make an impact on observed outcomes is an established and appreciated factor and limited research to date has examined the impact of creatine timing. Of the literature that has been published, one study was very short in duration (4 weeks) that possessed a study design that undermined its practicality, two other studies used older individuals, and one study utilized a unilateral training model which may not be an adequate exercise protocol to allow for the ergogenic potential of creatine to mediate any enhancement of training adaptations. Therefore, based on the limited number of studies in young and previously trained populations, future studies examining the effects of pre vs post-training creatine monohydrate supplementation on resistance training adaptations are warranted.

Conditions

Healthy

Keywords

supplementation; pre-workout; post-workout; peri-workout; strength; endurance; body composition; fat-free mass

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Fat-Free Mass

  3-compartment field (3CFIELD)

  8 weeks

• Lower Body Strength

  Back Squat 1 repetition maximum according to standard protocols

  8 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (6)

• Fat Mass

  8 weeks

• Body Fat Percentage

  8 weeks

• Total Body Water

  8 weeks

• Upper Body Strength

  8 weeks

• Lower Body Muscular Endurance

  8 weeks

Study Arms (3)

Creatine Pre-Exercise

EXPERIMENTAL

Consumes creatine within one hour before training and placebo within one hour after training

Dietary Supplement: Creatine

Creatine Post-Exercise

EXPERIMENTAL

Consumes placebo within one hour before training and creatine within one hour after training

Dietary Supplement: Creatine

Placebo

PLACEBO COMPARATOR

Consumes placebo within one hour before training and placebo within one hour after training

Dietary Supplement: Maltodextrin

Interventions

Creatine DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Participants were matched according to fat-free mass to consume a placebo, or 5-g dose of creatine monohydrate within one hour before training, or within one hour after training for 8 weeks while completing a weekly resistance training program. At each time point (before and after training), all participants co-ingested a 25-gram dose whey isolate and a 25-gram dose of carbohydrate powder along with their assigned supplement. Body composition using a 3-compartment field (3CFIELD), muscular strength (one-repetition maximum \[1RM\]) and endurance (repetitions to fatigue \[RTF\] at 80% 1RM) using bench press (BP) and back squat (SQ) exercises along with isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) were assessed before and after the 8-week supplementation period.

Creatine Post-Exercise; Creatine Pre-Exercise

Maltodextrin DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Participants were matched according to fat-free mass to consume a placebo (maltodextrin) within one hour before training, or within one hour after training for 8 weeks while completing a weekly resistance training program. At each time point (before and after training), all participants co-ingested a 25-gram dose whey isolate and a 25-gram dose of carbohydrate powder along with their assigned supplement. Body composition using a 3-compartment field (3CFIELD), muscular strength (one-repetition maximum \[1RM\]) and endurance (repetitions to fatigue \[RTF\] at 80% 1RM) using bench press (BP) and back squat (SQ) exercises along with isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP) were assessed before and after the 8-week supplementation period.

Placebo

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 19 Years - 30 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• At least 19 years of age but less than 30 years of age.
• Current member of Midland University athletic team completing off-season resistance training program.
• Participants will be healthy as determined by evaluation of medical history and if they are cleared to participate in their sport, they are cleared to participate in the study (as deemed by the team medical provider i.e. Certified Athletic Trainer).

You may not qualify if:

• As indicated on a medical history form they complete, any individual who is currently being treated or is diagnosed with a cardiac, respiratory, circulatory, musculoskeletal, metabolic obesity (defined as body mass index \>35 kg/m2 and body fat greater than 30%), immune, autoimmune, psychiatric, hematological, neurological, or endocrinological disorder or disease will be excluded.
• Individuals with allergies to milk or soy (lecithin).
• For females only, if they are currently pregnant or become pregnant at any point throughout the study.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions: lead
• Lindenwood University: collaborator
• Mayo Clinic: collaborator
• Western Michigan University: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions

Provo, Utah, 84601, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Interventions

Creatine; maltodextrin

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Guanidines; Amidines; Organic Chemicals; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins

Study Officials

• Nicholas E Dinan, MS

  Rocky Mountain University of Health Professions

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Chad M Kerksick, PhD

  Lindenwood University

  STUDY CHAIR

• Andrew R Jagim, PhD

  Mayo Clinic Health System

  STUDY DIRECTOR

• Michael G Miller, PhD

  Western Michigan University

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: DOUBLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR
• Masking Details: A blinded research team that will not be involved in any other aspect of the study will be responsible for mixing and packaging the supplements for each participant. A blinded code will be established that represents all three supplement conditions and will be revealed after data has been analyzed.
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator

Model Details: randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel design

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 6, 2022
• First Posted: July 11, 2022
• Study Start: February 9, 2022
• Primary Completion: May 5, 2022
• Study Completion: May 5, 2022
• Last Updated: July 12, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-07

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)