Biological Maturation and Plyometric Exercise

NCT05442593 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: Biol. Matur. - Plyometric Ex.
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 20
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Plyometric training comprises one of the most widely used training methods in both individual and team sports, and is widely used by coaches as one of the main training in both adults, and children. Plyometric training highly includes the component of eccentric contraction. However, eccentric muscle action, especially when unaccustomed, can lead to exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), which is accompanied by increased delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS), inflammatory responses, increased levels of muscle proteins into the circulation, oxidative stress, and reduction of muscle function and performance the following days. Although plyometric training is widely used in children and may lead to EIMD, there is limited data regarding the acute effects of plyometric exercise training in children. Additionally, the effect of the biological maturation status of children on EIMD after acute plyometric exercise training has not been investigated. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of biological maturation on EIMD after acute plyometric exercise training in children.

Conditions

Biological Maturation

Keywords

children; plyometric exercise; muscle damage; muscle performance; neuromuscular fatigue

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (11)

• Changes in Creatine kinase

  CK will be measured in plasma using a Clinical Chemistry Analyzer with commercially available kits.

  Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-plyometric training

• Changes in blood lactate

  Lactate will be measured in capillary blood with a hand-portable analyzer.

  Baseline (pre), 4 minutes post-plyometric training

• Changes in DOMS

  DOMS of knee extensors and knee flexors of both lower extremities will be measured during palpation of the muscle belly and the distal region after performing three repetitions of a full squat and each participant will rate perceived soreness on a scale ranging from 1 (no soreness) to 10 (very sore).

  Baseline (pre), post-, 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours postplyometric training

• Changes in 10m sprint time

  10m sprint time will be measured using light cells Chronojump system

  Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-plyometric training

• Changes in 30m sprint time

  30m sprint time will be measured using light cells Chronojump system

  Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-plyometric training

• Changes in squat jump

  Squat jump height will be measured using a Chronojump contact platform

  Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-plyometric training

• Changes in counermovement jump

  Counermovement jump height will be measured using a Chronojump contact platform

  Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-plyometric training

• Changes in concentric peak torque

  Concentric peak torque of knee extensors and knee flexors will be measured on an isokinetic dynamometer

  Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-plyometric training

• Changes in eccentric peak torque

  Eccentric peak torque of knee extensors and knee flexors will be measured on an isokinetic dynamometer

  Baseline (pre), 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-plyometric training

• Changes in isometric peak torque

  Isometric peak torque of knee extensors and knee flexors will be measured on an isokinetic dynamometer

  Baseline (pre), post-, 24 hours post-, 48 hours post-, 72 hours post-plyometric training

• Changes in maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC)

  MVIC of knee extensors will be measured on an isokinetic dynamometer

  Baseline (pre), post-, 1 hour post-, 2 hours post-, 3 hours post-plyometric training

Secondary Outcomes (10)

• Biological maturation stage

  Baseline

• Testosterone levels

  Baseline

• Age from Peak Height Velocity (APHV)

  Baseline

• Body weight

  Baseline

• Body height

  Baseline

Study Arms (2)

Pre-adolescents

EXPERIMENTAL

Acute plyometric training

Other: Plyometric training

Adolescents

EXPERIMENTAL

Acute plyometric training

Other: Plyometric training

Interventions

Plyometric training OTHER

Participants will perform: 8 sets of 10 maximal countermovement jumps

Adolescents; Pre-adolescents

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 8 Years - 15 Years
• Sex: male
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)

You may qualify if:

• Normal BMI
• No history of growth irregularities
• No musculoskeletal injuries for at least six months prior to the study
• No use of drugs or ergogenic supplements for at least one month prior to the study
• No participation at exercise with eccentric component for at least three days prior to the study
• No energy drinks consumption before each experimental trial

You may not qualify if:

• Abnormal BMI
• History of growth irregularities
• Musculoskeletal injuries in the last six months prior to the study
• Use of drugs or ergogenic supplements in the last month prior to the study
• Participation at exercise with eccentric component in the last three days prior to the study
• Energy drinks consumption before each experimental trial

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Thessaly: lead

Study Sites (1)

Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Uninersity of Thessaly

Trikala, Thessaly, 42100, Greece

Location

Related Publications (3)

• Marginson V, Rowlands AV, Gleeson NP, Eston RG. Comparison of the symptoms of exercise-induced muscle damage after an initial and repeated bout of plyometric exercise in men and boys. J Appl Physiol (1985). 2005 Sep;99(3):1174-81. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.01193.2004. Epub 2005 Apr 7.

  PMID: 15817716 BACKGROUND

• Deli CK, Fatouros IG, Paschalis V, Georgakouli K, Zalavras A, Avloniti A, Koutedakis Y, Jamurtas AZ. A Comparison of Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage Following Maximal Eccentric Contractions in Men and Boys. Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2017 Aug;29(3):316-325. doi: 10.1123/pes.2016-0185. Epub 2017 Feb 6.

  PMID: 28165870 BACKGROUND

• Asadi A, Ramirez-Campillo R, Arazi H, Saez de Villarreal E. The effects of maturation on jumping ability and sprint adaptations to plyometric training in youth soccer players. J Sports Sci. 2018 Nov;36(21):2405-2411. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2018.1459151. Epub 2018 Apr 3.

  PMID: 29611771 BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Interventions

Plyometric Exercise

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Exercise Therapy; Rehabilitation; Aftercare; Continuity of Patient Care; Patient Care; Therapeutics; Physical Therapy Modalities; Physical Conditioning, Human; Exercise; Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena

Study Officials

• Chariklia K Deli, PhD

  University of Thessaly

  STUDY CHAIR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: SCREENING
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Professor

Model Details: Participants will be assigned to different groups according to their biological maturation and they will perform the same acute plyometric exercise

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 23, 2022
• First Posted: July 5, 2022
• Study Start: June 27, 2022
• Primary Completion: July 30, 2022
• Study Completion: July 30, 2022
• Last Updated: November 4, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-11

Locations

GR (1)