Effects of Variety and Portion Size on Meal Intake of Adults

NCT05152693 | Withdrawn

• 1 other identifier: FoodVariety101
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: N/A
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The primary purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the combined effects of meal variety and portion size on food intake at a meal. The study will also explore relationships with eating microstructure such as eating rate and bite size. Additionally, other individual characteristics will be examined for their influence on the effects of variety and portion size on meal intake.

Conditions

Eating Behavior

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Change in intake by weight

  Weight (grams) of all meal components consumed

  Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

• Change in energy intake

  Energy intake (kilocalories) of all meal components consumed, calculated from weight and energy density

  Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Secondary Outcomes (25)

• Change in bite count

  Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

• Change in meal duration

  Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

• Change in mean eating rate

  Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

• Change in mean bite size

  Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

• Change in sip count

  Weeks 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6

Study Arms (6)

Low Variety Small Portion Without Beverage

EXPERIMENTAL

Test meal with food components mixed together (low variety) with a small portion of food served without water

Other: Low variety; Other: Small Portion Size; Other: Without Beverage

High Variety Small Portion Without Beverage

EXPERIMENTAL

Test meal with food components separated on the plate (high variety) with a small portion of food served without water

Other: High Variety; Other: Small Portion Size; Other: Without Beverage

Low Variety Small Portion With Beverage

EXPERIMENTAL

Test meal with food components mixed together (low variety) with a small portion of food and water

Other: Low variety; Other: Small Portion Size; Other: With Beverage

High Variety Small Portion With Beverage

EXPERIMENTAL

Test meal with food components separated on the plate (high variety) with a small portion of food and water

Other: High Variety; Other: Small Portion Size; Other: With Beverage

Low Variety Large Portion With Beverage

EXPERIMENTAL

Test meal with food components mixed together (low variety) with a large portion of food and water

Other: Low variety; Other: Large Portion Size; Other: With Beverage

High Variety Large Portion With Beverage

EXPERIMENTAL

Test meal with food components separated on the plate (high variety) with a large portion of food and water

Other: High Variety; Other: Large Portion Size; Other: With Beverage

Interventions

Low variety OTHER

Meal components are mixed together on the plate

Low Variety Large Portion With Beverage; Low Variety Small Portion With Beverage; Low Variety Small Portion Without Beverage

High Variety OTHER

Meal components are served separately on the plate

High Variety Large Portion With Beverage; High Variety Small Portion With Beverage; High Variety Small Portion Without Beverage

Small Portion Size OTHER

Small meal portion size

High Variety Small Portion With Beverage; High Variety Small Portion Without Beverage; Low Variety Small Portion With Beverage; Low Variety Small Portion Without Beverage

Large Portion Size OTHER

Large meal portion size

High Variety Large Portion With Beverage; Low Variety Large Portion With Beverage

With Beverage OTHER

Meal served with water

High Variety Large Portion With Beverage; High Variety Small Portion With Beverage; Low Variety Large Portion With Beverage; Low Variety Small Portion With Beverage

Without Beverage OTHER

Meal served without water

High Variety Small Portion Without Beverage; Low Variety Small Portion Without Beverage

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 20 Years - 65 Years
• Sex: female
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Be willing and able to travel to Penn State University Park campus weekly for meals
• Be fully vaccinated against COVID-19
• Be a woman 20 - 65 years old
• Regularly eat 3 meals/day
• Be willing to refrain from drinking alcohol the day before and during test days
• Have a body mass index between 18.0 and 35.0 kg/m\*m
• Be willing to refrain from eating after 10 pm the evening before test sessions
• Be willing to participate in all study procedures

You may not qualify if:

• Must not be a smoker
• Must not be an athlete in training
• Must not be pregnant or breastfeeding at the time of screening
• Must not have taken prescription or non-prescription drugs that may affect appetite or food intake within the last 3 months
• Must not dislike or be unable to eat the test foods (because of allergies, intolerance, or dietary restrictions)
• Must not be currently dieting to gain or lose weight
• Must not have a health condition that affects appetite
• Must not have participated in a similar study in our lab in the past year
• Must not be a student, faculty, or staff member in nutritional sciences or psychology

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Penn State University: lead
• Jenny Craig, Inc.: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Laboratory for the Study of Human Ingestive Behavior, The Pennsylvania State University

University Park, Pennsylvania, 16802, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Feeding Behavior

Interventions

Beverages

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior, Animal; Behavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Diet, Food, and Nutrition; Physiological Phenomena; Food and Beverages

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Professor of Nutrition and Director of The Laboratory For The Study of Human Ingestive Behavior

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 17, 2021
• First Posted: December 10, 2021
• Study Start: January 20, 2022
• Primary Completion: January 20, 2023
• Study Completion: January 27, 2023
• Last Updated: December 10, 2021

Record last verified: 2021-11

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)