ParentText User Engagement and Effectiveness Study

NCT05003518 | Terminated DMC

• 1 other identifier: ParentTextOpti
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 1,400
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The study has two main aims. The first aim is to optimise user engagement in ParentText. The goal is to identify the optimal delivery of ParentText for parents/caregivers from low- and middle-income countries, using a randomised between-subjects factorial experimental design. The second aim is to examine the preliminary effectiveness of the chatbot adaption of the Parenting for Lifelong Health programme, ParentText, on the primary outcome of child maltreatment and secondary outcomes of positive parenting, parental self-efficacy, parental communication about sexual abuse, financial stress, parental stress, child behaviour problems, and intimate partner violence. This study is part of a multi-phase research project. The full research project has been registered to the Open Science Framework platform. To address the first aim, the investigators will be conducting a factorial experiment which will examine the impact of four components, Personalisation (High/Low), Gamification (On/Off), Gender Targeting (On/Off), Frequency of message (1 per day/ 3 per day) on participant engagement. The factorial experiment will be conducted in two countries, Malaysia and South Africa. Within each country, the investigators have local partners who will be involved in deploying the intervention and recruiting participants. Parents/caregivers will be primarily recruited through country-specific UNICEF U-Report platforms and government partners. RapidPro, the programme on which the chatbot is deployed, will randomly allocate participants to the 16 experimental conditions. The purpose of the factorial experiment is to estimate the main and interaction effects of the four components. Based on the results the investigators will optimise the delivery of ParentText by selecting components or components levels that promote the highest level of engagement based on effect size. The second aim will be addressed by conducting latent growth curve models or multi-level models, to examine the changes in outcome variables over time. The experiment will be conducted across five countries, Malaysia, South Africa, the Philippines, Jamaica and Sri Lanka. Within each country, the investigators have local partners who will be involved in deploying the intervention and recruiting participants.

Conditions

Engagement; Positive Parenting; Child Maltreatment; Intimate Partner Violence

Keywords

Engagement; Chatbot; Digital Behaviour Change Intervention; Parenting Intervention; Optimisation; Positive Parenting; Child Maltreatment; Intimate Partner Violence

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Overall response to ParentText messages

  Number of many messages the participants responded to or timed out from the intervention (no engagement for 2 hours or more). This is a measure of engagement with the chatbot.

  Through study completion, an average of 16 weeks

• Overall completion rate of ParentText Content

  Number of the overall content the participant completed. This is a measure of completion of the programme.

  Through study completion, an average of 16 weeks

• Change over time in Child Maltreatment

  Child maltreatment will be a composite measure utilising two items adapted from the reduced version of the ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool-Trial Parent Version (ICAST-TP) (Meinck et al., 2018), which is adapted from the survey instrument ICAST-Parent Version (ICAST-P) (Runyan et al., 2009). The ICAST-P was developed to be deployed multi-nationally and multi-culturally and has been successfully utilised in LMICs (Nøkleby et al., 2019). The ICAST-TP measures parental reports of incidences of abuse perpetrated against their child over the past week and asks parents/caregivers to answer a frequency score on a scale of 0 to 7 times. One item will assess physical abuse, "How many days in the past week did you physically discipline your children by hitting, spanking, or slapping with your hand or an object like a stick or a belt?". The other item will assess emotional abuse, "How many days in the past week did you shout, scream, or yell at your children?".

  Through study completion, an average of 16 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (27)

• Rate of response to tip offers

  Through study completion, an average of 16 weeks

• Rate of response to calm messages

  Through study completion, an average of 16 weeks

• Rate of response to praise messages

  Through study completion, an average of 16 weeks

• Rate of response to supportive messages

  Through study completion, an average of 16 weeks

• Rate of response to check in messages

  Through study completion, an average of 16 weeks

Other Outcomes (4)

• Demographics

  Through study completion, an average of 16 weeks

• Impact of COVID-19

  Through study completion, an average of 16 weeks

• Helpfulness of tips

  Through study completion, an average of 16 weeks

Study Arms (16)

Condition 1: Low Personalisation+Low Frequency

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have low levels of personalisation and one message a day will be sent to participants.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 2: High Personalisation+Low Frequency

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have high levels of personalisation (utilise the user's nickname and their child's nickname) and one message a day will be sent to participants.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 3: Low Personalisation+High Frequency

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have low levels of personalisation and three messages a day will be sent to participants.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 4: High Personalisation+High Frequency

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have high levels of personalisation and three messages a day will be sent to participants.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 5: High Personalisation+Low Frequency+Gamification

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have high levels of personalisation (utilise the user's nickname and their child's nickname), contains gamified progress updates, and one message a day will be sent to participants.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 6: Low Personalisation+High Frequency+Gamification

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have low levels of personalisation, contains gamified progress updates, and three messages a day will be sent to participants.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 7: High Personalisation+High Frequency+Gamification

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have high levels of personalisation (utilise the user's nickname and their child's nickname), contains gamified progress updates, and three message a day will be sent to participants.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 8: Low Personalisation+Low Frequency+Gender Targeting

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have low levels of personalisation, contains gender targeted messages, and one message a day will be sent to participants.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 9: High Personalisation+Low Frequency+Gender Targeting

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have high levels of personalisation (utilise the user's nickname and their child's nickname), contains gender targeted messages, and one message a day will be sent to participants.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 10: Low Personalisation + High Frequency + Gender Targeting

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have low levels of personalisation, contains gender targeted messages, and three message a day will be sent to participants.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 11: High Personalisation + High Frequency + Gender Targeting

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have high levels of personalisation (utilise the user's nickname and their child's nickname), contains gender targeted messages, and three message a day will be sent to participants.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 12: Low Personalisation + Low Frequency + Gamification + Gender Targeting

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have low levels of personalisation, contains gender targeted messages and gamified progress updates. Participants will be sent one message a day.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 13: High Personalisation + Low Frequency + Gamification + Gender Targeting

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have high levels of personalisation (utilise the user's nickname and their child's nickname), contains gender targeted messages and gamified progress updates. Participants will be sent one message a day.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 14: Low Personalisation + High Frequency + Gamification + Gender Targeting

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have low levels of personalisation (utilise the user's nickname and their child's nickname), contains gender targeted messages and gamified progress updates. Participants will be sent three message a day.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 15: High Personalisation + High Frequency + Gamification + Gender Targeting

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have high levels of personalisation (utilise the user's nickname and their child's nickname), contains gender targeted messages and gamified progress updates. Participants will be sent three messages a day.

Behavioral: ParentText

Condition 16: Low Personalisation+Low Frequency+Gamification

EXPERIMENTAL

The intervention will have low levels of personalisation (utilise the user's nickname and their child's nickname), contains gamified progress updates, and one message a day will be sent to participants.

Behavioral: ParentText

Interventions

ParentText BEHAVIORAL

ParentText delivers content, aligning with children's developmental stages (0-23 months, 2-9 years, 10-17 years). ParentText content is delivered through text messages, images, audio and video for parents/ caregivers and their children. Parents receive parenting content surrounding three themes: 1) relationship building by spending time together, 2) positive reinforcement, 3) stress reduction for parents and caregivers. Further supportive content is available for parents of children living with disabilities, child development, online child safety, talking about COVID-19 with children, family budgeting, family harmony, helping with schoolwork and sexual violence prevention.

Condition 10: Low Personalisation + High Frequency + Gender Targeting; Condition 11: High Personalisation + High Frequency + Gender Targeting; Condition 12: Low Personalisation + Low Frequency + Gamification + Gender Targeting; Condition 13: High Personalisation + Low Frequency + Gamification + Gender Targeting; Condition 14: Low Personalisation + High Frequency + Gamification + Gender Targeting; Condition 15: High Personalisation + High Frequency + Gamification + Gender Targeting; Condition 16: Low Personalisation+Low Frequency+Gamification; Condition 1: Low Personalisation+Low Frequency; Condition 2: High Personalisation+Low Frequency; Condition 3: Low Personalisation+High Frequency; Condition 4: High Personalisation+High Frequency; Condition 5: High Personalisation+Low Frequency+Gamification; Condition 6: Low Personalisation+High Frequency+Gamification; Condition 7: High Personalisation+High Frequency+Gamification; Condition 8: Low Personalisation+Low Frequency+Gender Targeting; Condition 9: High Personalisation+Low Frequency+Gender Targeting

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 99 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Oxford: lead
• IDEMS International: collaborator
• UNICEF South Africa: collaborator
• UNICEF Malaysia: collaborator
• UNICEF Sri Lanka: collaborator
• UNICEF Jamaica: collaborator
• UNICEF Philippines: collaborator
• Health Promotion Bureau, Sri Lanka: collaborator
• Universiti Putra Malaysia: collaborator
• Ateneo de Manila University: collaborator
• University of Cape Town: collaborator
• The LEGO Foundation: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Family and Child Ecology at the Department of Human Development and Family Studies

Putrajaya, Putraja, Malaysia

Location

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• Zeng Y, Guo Y, Li L, Hong YA, Li Y, Zhu M, Zeng C, Zhang H, Cai W, Liu C, Wu S, Chi P, Monroe-Wise A, Hao Y, Ho RTH. Relationship Between Patient Engagement and Depressive Symptoms Among People Living With HIV in a Mobile Health Intervention: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2020 Oct 29;8(10):e20847. doi: 10.2196/20847.

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Study Officials

• Rumaya Binti Juhari, Dr

  Universiti Putra Malaysia

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Liane Peña Alampay, Dr

  Ateneo de Manila University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Rosanne Jocson, Dr

  Ateneo de Manila University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Hlengiwe Sacolo, Dr

  University of Cape Town

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Frances Gardner, Dr

  University of Oxford

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Joyce Wamoyi, Dr

  Tanzania National Institute of Medical Research)

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Ytske Van Winden

  UNICEF Jamaica

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• David Stern, Dr

  IDEMS International

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: DOUBLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR
• Purpose: PREVENTION
• Intervention Model: FACTORIAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Senior Research and Teaching Fellow

Model Details: A factorial design will be used testing the four components, with a total of 16 conditions. The purpose of this factorial experiment is to estimate the main effects of the four intervention components and interactions between the components, not to compare the 16 experimental conditions to each other.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 28, 2021
• First Posted: August 12, 2021
• Study Start: June 1, 2022
• Primary Completion: December 1, 2022
• Study Completion: December 1, 2022
• Last Updated: May 1, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-04

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Shared Documents: STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF
• Time Frame: Indefinitely
• Access Criteria: Accessibility of the data will require approval from the study team. The study investigators, led by the PI, will jointly make decisions on whether to supply research data to potential new users. Research data will be deposited in and available in the UK Data Archive solely for non-profit use.

Locations

MY (1)