Performance, Mood, and Brain and Metabolic Functions During Different Sleep Schedules

NCT04731662 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: STAVAR
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 59
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This proposed project will investigate whether a variable or a stable sleep schedule will be more effective in minimizing neurobehavioural and metabolic deficits when total sleep opportunity across two weeks is below the recommended sleep duration. In this laboratory-based, stay-in study, 60 young adults will be randomized into 1 of 3 groups. After 2 nights of 8-h time-in-bed (TIB) that simulate longer sleep opportunities typical of weekends, the stable short sleep group will have a 6-h TIB in each of the following 5 'weeknights' (8866666). The variable short sleep group (8884846) will also have a total TIB of 30h during the 'weeknights', although TIB varies across the 'weeknights'. The nightly TIB of the well-rested control group will be 8h (8888888). These manipulations will repeat in the second week, enabling the tracking of outcome measures during recurrent weeks of sleep restriction on 'weekdays' and extension on 'weekends'. A test battery assessing basic cognitive functions and mood will be administered 5 times a day. A long-term memory encoding task will be administered after week 1. A functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) brain scan, and an Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) will be conducted after the second 'weekend' night and after the last 'weeknight' each week. Continuous glucose monitoring will be conducted throughout the experiment. Sleep will be measured every night with polysomnography.

Conditions

Sleep; Sleep Restriction

Keywords

Glucose Metabolism; fMRI; Subjective Sleepiness; Neurobehavioral Functions; Cognitive Functions; Sleep Variability

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (36)

• Change in sustained attention assessed with the Psychomotor Vigilance Task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep restriction and recovery

  Number of attention lapses (\>500ms)

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in mean reaction time assessed with the Psychomotor Vigilance Task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep restriction and recovery

  Mean reaction time

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in median reaction time assessed with the Psychomotor Vigilance Task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep restriction and recovery

  Median reaction time

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in standard deviation in reaction time of sleep restriction and recovery

  Standard deviation in reaction time

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in number of commission errors / false starts assessed with the Psychomotor Vigilance Task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep restriction and recovery

  Number of commission errors / false starts

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in number of correct matches assessed with the 1-back task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Number of correct matches in the 1-back task

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in number of correct mismatches assessed with the1-back task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Number of correct mismatches in the 1-back task

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in number of incorrect matches assessed with the1-back task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Number of incorrect matches in the 1-back task

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in incorrect mismatches assessed with the1-back task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Number of incorrect mismatches in the 1-back task

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in discriminability measure (A') assessed with the1-back task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Discriminability measure (A')

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in bias measure (B"D) assessed with the1-back task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Bias measure (B"D)

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in number of correct matches assessed with the 3-back task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Number of correct matches in the 3-back task

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in number of correct mismatches assessed with the 3-back task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Number of correct mismatches in the 3-back task

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in number of incorrect matches assessed with the 3-back task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Number of incorrect matches in the 3-back task

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in number of incorrect mismatches assessed with the 3-back task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Number of incorrect mismatches in the 3-back task

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in discriminability measure (A') assessed with the 3-back task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Discriminability measure (A')

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in bias measure (B"D) assessed with the 3-back task from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Bias measure (B"D)

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in the level of subjective sleepiness assessed with the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale from morning to afternoon then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycle of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Score on the Karolinska Sleepiness Scale (1-9 points)

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in positive mood assessed with the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Total score on the positive subscale of the PANAS

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in negative mood assessed with the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Total score on the negative subscale of the PANAS

  5 times daily for 16 days

• Change in the level of depressive symptomatology from the mornings of the second baseline day to the last day of the first sleep manipulation cycle and the last day of the second sleep manipulation cycle.

  Score on the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (Scale 1-5)

  3 separate days (Day 3, 8 and 15)

• Change in the level of anxiety symptomatology from the mornings of the second baseline day to the last day of the first sleep manipulation cycle and the last day of the second sleep manipulation cycle.

  Score on the Mood and Anxiety Symptom Questionnaire (Scale 1-5)

  3 separate days (Day 3, 8 and 15)

• Change in the level of satisfaction with life from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Score on the Satisfaction with Life Scale (1-7 scale)

  5 times daily (09:00, 12:00, 15:00, 18:00, 21:00) for 16 days

• Change in speed of processing assessed with the Mental Arithmetic Test (MAT) from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Number of correct response in the task

  5 times daily (09:00, 12:00, 15:00, 18:00, 21:00) for 16 days

• Change in speed of processing assessed with the Symbol Digit Modalities Test from morning to afternoon and then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Number of correct responses in the task

  5 times daily (09:00, 12:00, 15:00, 18:00, 21:00) for 16 days

• Changes in the blood glucose levels from morning of the second baseline day to the last day of the first sleep manipulation cycle and the last day of the second sleep manipulation cycle.

  Area under the curve for plasma glucose

  3 days (Day 3, 8 and 15) 6mL blood sample collection at 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes

• Changes in the insulin levels from morning of the second baseline day to the last day of the first sleep manipulation cycle and the last day of the second sleep manipulation cycle.

  Area under the curve for insulin

  3 days (Day 3, 8 and 15) 6mL blood sample collection at 15, 30, 60, and 120 minutes

• Changes in interstitial fluid glucose levels from morning to afternoon then evening from baseline days to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery.

  Area under the curve for interstitial fluid glucose

  All 16-days with 8-hour interval readings

• Changes in the task related brain functional connectivity from the second baseline day to the last day of the first sleep manipulation cycle and the last day of the second sleep manipulation cycle.

  Brain functional connectivity in fMRI analysis

  3 days (Day 3, 8, 15)

• Changes in the resting-state brain functional connectivity from the second baseline day to the last day of the first sleep manipulation cycle and the last day of the second sleep manipulation cycle.

  Brain functional connectivity in fMRI analysis

  3 days (Day 3, 8, 15)

• Effect of variable sleep on picture encoding response time

  Mean response time

  Single session (Day 8)

• Effect of variable sleep on picture encoding response accuracy

  Response accuracy

  Single session (Day 8)

• Effect of variable sleep on picture recognition response time

  Mean response time

  Single session (Day 10)

• Effect of variable sleep on picture recognition hit rate

  Hit rate

  Single session (Day 10)

• Effect of variable sleep on picture recognition false alarm rate

  False alarm rate

  Single session (Day 10)

• Effect of variable sleep on picture recognition discriminability measure (A')

  Discriminability measure (A')

  Single session (Day 10)

Secondary Outcomes (14)

• Change in total sleep duration at night assessed with polysomnography from baseline nights to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Nocturnal sleep on nights 1 & 2 (baseline), 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7 (first sleep manipulation period), 8 & 9 (first recovery period), 10,11,12, 13, 14 (second sleep manipulation period), & 15 (second recovery period)

• Change in wake after sleep onset duration at night assessed with polysomnography from baseline nights to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Nocturnal sleep on nights 1 & 2 (baseline), 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7 (first sleep manipulation period), 8 & 9 (first recovery period), 10,11,12, 13, 14 (second sleep manipulation period), & 15 (second recovery period)

• Change sleep efficiency at night assessed with polysomnography from baseline nights to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Nocturnal sleep on nights 1 & 2 (baseline), 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7 (first sleep manipulation period), 8 & 9 (first recovery period), 10,11,12, 13, 14 (second sleep manipulation period), & 15 (second recovery period)

• Change slow wave activity/ slow wave energy at night assessed with polysomnography from baseline nights to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Nocturnal sleep on nights 1 & 2 (baseline), 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7 (first sleep manipulation period), 8 & 9 (first recovery period), 10,11,12, 13, 14 (second sleep manipulation period), & 15 (second recovery period)

• Change spindle activity at night assessed with polysomnography from baseline nights to the first and second cycles of sleep manipulation and recovery

  Nocturnal sleep on nights 1 & 2 (baseline), 3, 4, 5, 6 & 7 (first sleep manipulation period), 8 & 9 (first recovery period), 10,11,12, 13, 14 (second sleep manipulation period), & 15 (second recovery period)

Study Arms (3)

Control Group (8888888)

NO INTERVENTION

The Control group will have 8-hours time-in-bed, both weeknights and weekends.

Stable Short Sleep (8866666)

EXPERIMENTAL

The short sleep group will have 6-hours time-in-bed on weeknights and 8-hours time-in-bed on weekends.

Behavioral: Short sleep

Variable short sleep group (8884846)

EXPERIMENTAL

The short sleep group time in-bed will vary across weeknights but will maintain the same amount of total time-in bed as the stable short sleep (8866666).

Behavioral: Variable short sleep

Interventions

Short sleep BEHAVIORAL

6-hours time-in-bed during weeknights

Stable Short Sleep (8866666)

Variable short sleep BEHAVIORAL

Variable hours of time-in bed during weeknights

Variable short sleep group (8884846)

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 21 Years - 35 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• years of age
• Healthy
• BMI between 18.5 and 24.9
• Not habitual short sleepers
• Not extreme chronotypes
• Not a shift worker
• Not a smoker
• Daily consumption of ≤ 5 cups of caffeinated beverages
• Weekly consumption of ≤ 14 units of alcohol
• Do not intend to travel across \> 2 time zones 1 month prior to the experiment
• Not a fussy eater
• Do not have any food allergy
• No strict dietary requirements
• No intention to lose or gain weight in the next 6 months
• Not pregnant during the study

Sponsors & Collaborators

• National University of Singapore: lead

Study Sites (1)

MD 11- NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine

Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore

Location

Related Publications (3)

• Cheung YYY, Tan TYL, Koa TB, Khoo CM, Lo JC. Glucose homeostasis during recurrent periods of sleep restriction and recovery in healthy young adults. Sleep. 2025 Oct 30:zsaf339. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsaf339. Online ahead of print.

  PMID: 41165770 DERIVED

• Koa TB, Ong JL, Lo JC. Changes in sleep architecture during recurrent cycles of sleep restriction: a comparison between stable and variable short sleep schedules. Sleep Adv. 2025 Mar 15;6(2):zpaf016. doi: 10.1093/sleepadvances/zpaf016. eCollection 2025 Apr.

  PMID: 40385325 DERIVED

• Koa TB, Gooley JJ, Chee MWL, Lo JC. Neurobehavioral functions during recurrent periods of sleep restriction: effects of intra-individual variability in sleep duration. Sleep. 2024 Mar 11;47(3):zsae010. doi: 10.1093/sleep/zsae010.

  PMID: 38219041 DERIVED

Study Officials

• June Chi Yan Lo

  National University of Singapore

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Principal Investigator, Assistant Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: January 26, 2021
• First Posted: February 1, 2021
• Study Start: February 1, 2021
• Primary Completion: December 22, 2022
• Study Completion: December 22, 2022
• Last Updated: November 14, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-11

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

SG (1)