NCT04632212

Brief Summary

This study aims to use the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST) to build and optimize a multi-component intervention that improves diet quality. The investigators will evaluate the effects of evidence-based public health interventions on consumers' diet quality via a web-based grocery store "NUSMart" and then identify a multi-component intervention that includes only those interventions meaningfully affecting diet quality.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
756

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Dec 2020

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

November 2, 2020

Completed
15 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

November 17, 2020

Completed
15 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

December 2, 2020

Completed
12 days until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

December 14, 2020

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 14, 2020

Completed
Last Updated

February 4, 2021

Status Verified

February 1, 2021

Enrollment Period

12 days

First QC Date

November 2, 2020

Last Update Submit

February 2, 2021

Conditions

Diet Quality

Keywords

Multi-component InterventionMulti-phase Optimization StrategyTaxFood LabelsQuality based orderingWithin group substitutesFull-factorial design

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Diet Quality

    Diet quality measured by the weighted average of all purchased products' Nutri-Score for the shopping trip. Nutri-Score is an individual dietary index based on the British Food Standard Agency Nutrient Profiling System.

    At the end of data collection, up to 8 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (2)

  • Proportion of products

    At the end of data collection, up to 8 weeks

  • Average nutrients per serving

    At the end of data collection, up to 8 weeks

Study Arms (16)

1

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (ON) Food Labels (ON) Ordering (ON) Substitution (ON)

Behavioral: Explicit TaxBehavioral: Food Labels (with the summary of healthiness of shopping baskets & targets)Behavioral: OrderingBehavioral: Within-Group Substitution

2

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (ON) Food Labels (ON) Ordering (ON) Substitution (OFF)

Behavioral: Explicit TaxBehavioral: Food Labels (with the summary of healthiness of shopping baskets & targets)Behavioral: Ordering

3

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (ON) Food Labels (ON) Ordering (OFF) Substitution (ON)

Behavioral: Explicit TaxBehavioral: Food Labels (with the summary of healthiness of shopping baskets & targets)Behavioral: Within-Group Substitution

4

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (ON) Food Labels (ON) Ordering (OFF) Substitution (OFF)

Behavioral: Explicit TaxBehavioral: Food Labels (with the summary of healthiness of shopping baskets & targets)

5

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (ON) Food Labels (OFF) Ordering (ON) Substitution (ON)

Behavioral: Explicit TaxBehavioral: OrderingBehavioral: Within-Group Substitution

6

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (ON) Food Labels (OFF) Ordering (ON) Substitution (OFF)

Behavioral: Explicit TaxBehavioral: Ordering

7

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (ON) Food Labels (OFF) Ordering (OFF) Substitution (ON)

Behavioral: Explicit TaxBehavioral: Within-Group Substitution

8

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (ON) Food Labels (OFF) Ordering (OFF) Substitution (OFF)

Behavioral: Explicit Tax

9

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (OFF) Food Labels (ON) Ordering (ON) Substitution (ON)

Behavioral: Food Labels (with the summary of healthiness of shopping baskets & targets)Behavioral: OrderingBehavioral: Within-Group Substitution

10

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (OFF) Food Labels (ON) Ordering (ON) Substitution (OFF)

Behavioral: Food Labels (with the summary of healthiness of shopping baskets & targets)Behavioral: Ordering

11

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (OFF) Food Labels (ON) Ordering (OFF) Substitution (ON)

Behavioral: Food Labels (with the summary of healthiness of shopping baskets & targets)Behavioral: Within-Group Substitution

12

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (OFF) Food Labels (ON) Ordering (OFF) Substitution (OFF)

Behavioral: Food Labels (with the summary of healthiness of shopping baskets & targets)

13

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (OFF) Food Labels (OFF) Ordering (ON) Substitution (ON)

Behavioral: OrderingBehavioral: Within-Group Substitution

14

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (OFF) Food Labels (OFF) Ordering (ON) Substitution (OFF)

Behavioral: Ordering

15

EXPERIMENTAL

Tax (OFF) Food Labels (OFF) Ordering (OFF) Substitution (ON)

Behavioral: Within-Group Substitution

16

NO INTERVENTION

Tax (OFF) Food Labels (OFF) Ordering (OFF) Substitution (OFF)

Interventions

Explicit TaxBEHAVIORAL

To impose an explicit tax on food and beverage items that are eligible for red stop-sign food logos (explained in Intervention 2) as less healthy foods. Explicit tax shows pre-tax prices and a label indicating that the price includes a corresponding tax on the less healthy products. Food and Beverages: we will impose a 20% tax on sales price of the food items

12345678
Food Labels (with the summary of healthiness of shopping baskets & targets)BEHAVIORAL

To provide the green circle 'healthy choice' food label to items with Nutri-Score "A" and "B", the amber circle 'in between healthy and unhealthy choice' food label to items with Nutri-Score "C", and the red stop-sign 'less healthy choice' food label to items with Nutri-Score "D" and "E". In the presence of food labels, * Video: subjects will watch a video briefly explaining the food labels on the store. * My Cart Summary: subjects will be provided a live visual indicator of the healthiness of shoppers' current basket with the recommended healthy baskets goals.

11011122349
OrderingBEHAVIORAL

To order food items by Nutri-Score (high to low).

11013142569
Within-Group SubstitutionBEHAVIORAL

To provide substitutes within corresponding food categories that are better than the items that subjects chose in terms of Nutri-Score based on the similarities of price, primary ingredients, flavor, and other characteristics.

11113153579

Eligibility Criteria

Age21 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Singapore Resident
  • Age 21 and above
  • Must be the primary weekly grocery shopper in their household

You may not qualify if:

  • Non-Singapore resident
  • Less than 21 years old
  • Non-primary grocery shopper in their household

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Duke-NUS Medical School

Singapore, 169857, Singapore

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Shin S, Chakraborty B, Yan X, van Dam RM, Finkelstein EA. Evaluation of Combinations of Nudging, Pricing, and Labeling Strategies to Improve Diet Quality: A Virtual Grocery Store Experiment Employing a Multiphase Optimization Strategy. Ann Behav Med. 2022 Aug 30;56(9):933-945. doi: 10.1093/abm/kaab115.

    PMID: 35195704DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Interventions

Food Labeling

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Food PackagingFood TechnologyFood IndustryIndustryTechnology, Industry, and AgricultureProduct Packaging

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
SINGLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT
Purpose
HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
Intervention Model
FACTORIAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

November 2, 2020

First Posted

November 17, 2020

Study Start

December 2, 2020

Primary Completion

December 14, 2020

Study Completion

December 14, 2020

Last Updated

February 4, 2021

Record last verified: 2021-02

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations

SG(1)