Efficacy of DEXamethasone in Patients With Acute Hypoxemic REspiratory Failure Caused by INfEctions
DEXA-REFINE
Efficacy of Higher vs. Lower Doses of Dexamethasone in Patients With Acute Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure (Including ARDS) Caused by Infections (Including COVID-19)
1 other identifier
interventional
980
1 country
40
Brief Summary
Background: There are no proven therapies specific for pulmonary dysfunction in patients with acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (AHRF) caused by infections (including Covid-19). The full spectrum of AHRF ranges from mild respiratory tract illness to severe pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), multiorgan failure, and death. The efficacy of corticosteroids in AHRF and ARDS caused by infections remains controversial. Methods: This is a multicenter, randomized, controlled, open-label clinical trial testing dexamethasone in mechanically ventilated adult patients with established AHRF (including ARDS) caused by confirmed pulmonary or systemic infections, admitted in a network of Spanish ICUs. Eligible patients will be randomly assigned to receive dexamethasone: either 6 mg/d x 10 days or 20 mg/d x 5 days followed by 10 mg/d x 5 days. The primary outcome is 60-day mortality. The secondary outcome is the number of ventilator-free days at 28 days. All analyses will be done according to the intention-to-treat principle.
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at P75+ for phase_4
Started Jul 2021
Longer than P75 for phase_4
40 active sites
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
Click on a node to explore related trials.
Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
First Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
September 5, 2020
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
September 10, 2020
CompletedStudy Start
First participant enrolled
July 6, 2021
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
December 30, 2026
ExpectedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
December 30, 2026
August 26, 2025
August 1, 2025
5.5 years
September 5, 2020
August 20, 2025
Conditions
Keywords
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (1)
60-day mortality
All-cause mortality at 60 days after randomization
60 days
Secondary Outcomes (1)
Ventilator-free days
28 days
Study Arms (2)
Dexamethasone (low dose)
ACTIVE COMPARATORDexamethasone: 6 mg/iv/day during 10 days.
Dexamethasone (moderate dose)
ACTIVE COMPARATORDexamethasone: 20 mg/iv/ daily from day of randomization (day 1) during 5 days, followed by 10 mg/iv/ daily from Day 6 to Day 10 of randomization.
Interventions
Intravenous dexamethasone (low vs. moderate doses) during 10 days
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- age 18 years or older;
- intubated and mechanically ventilated;
- acute onset of AHRF (as defined by a PaO2/FiO2 ≤300 mmHg during at least 6 hours from diagnosis. For the measurement of PaO2 and calculation of PaO2/FiO2 ratio, the minimum accepted value for PEEP is 5 cmH2O and for FiO2 is 0.3. ARDS is defined by Berlin criteria,4 which includes: (i) having pneumonia or worsening respiratory symptoms, (ii) bilateral pulmonary infiltrates on chest imaging (x-ray or CT scan), (iii) absence of left atrial hypertension or no clinical signs of left heart failure, and (iv) hypoxemia, as defined by a PaO2/FiO2 ≤300 mmHg on positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) of ≥5 cmH2O, regardless of FiO2.
- Pulmonary or systemic infectious etiology of AHRF.
You may not qualify if:
- Patients with a known contraindication to corticosteroids,
- Patient included in another therapeutic clinical trial
- Lack of informed consent
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
Study Sites (40)
Hospital Universitario Mutua Terrassa (ICU)
Terrassa, Barcelona, 08221, Spain
Hospital General La Mancha Centro (ICU)
Alcázar de San Juan, Ciudad Real, 13600, Spain
Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago (Anesthesia)
Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, 15706, Spain
Hospital General El Bierzo (ICU)
Ponferrada, León, 24404, Spain
Hospital Universitario del Henares (ICU)
Coslada, Madrid, 28822, Spain
Hospital Universitario de Getafe (ICU)
Getafe, Madrid, 28905, Spain
Hospital Universitario Severo Ochoa (ICU)
Leganés, Madrid, 28911, Spain
Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro (ICU)
Majadahonda, Madrid, 28222, Spain
Hospital Nuestra Señora del Prado (ICU)
Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, 45600, Spain
Hospital Universitario de Cruces (Anesthesia)
Barakaldo, Vizcaya, 48903, Spain
Hospital Universitario de Cruces (ICU)
Barakaldo, Vizcaya, 48903, Spain
Hospital Universitario de A Coruña (ICU)
A Coruña, 15006, Spain
Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Albacete (ICU)
Albacete, 02006, Spain
Hospital Clinic de Barcelona (AVI)
Barcelona, 08036, Spain
Hospital Clinic de Barcelona (Cardiac ICU)
Barcelona, 08036, Spain
Hospital Clínic (Hepatic ICU)
Barcelona, 08036, Spain
Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (Anesthesia)
Barcelona, 08036, Spain
Hospital General de Ciudad Real (ICU)
Ciudad Real, 13005, Spain
Hospital Virgen de la Luz (ICU)
Cuenca, 16002, Spain
Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León (ICU)
León, 24001, Spain
Hospital Universitario La Princesa (ICU)
Madrid, 28006, Spain
Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (Anesthesia)
Madrid, 28034, Spain
Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos (ICU)
Madrid, 28040, Spain
Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz (ICU)
Madrid, 28040, Spain
Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre (ICU)
Madrid, 28041, Spain
Hospital Universitario La Paz (Anesthesia)
Madrid, 28046, Spain
Hospital Universitario La Paz (ICU)
Madrid, 28046, Spain
Hospital Universitario Regional de Malaga Carlos Haya (ICU)
Málaga, 29010, Spain
Hospital Universitario Virgen de Arrixaca (Anesthesia)
Murcia, 30120, Spain
Hospital Universitario Virgen de Arrixaca (ICU)
Murcia, 30120, Spain
Clínica Universidad de Navarra
Pamplona, 31008, Spain
Hospital Universitario Montecelo (Anesthesia)
Pontevedra, 36071, Spain
Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria (ICU)
Santa Cruz de Tenerife, 38010, Spain
Hospital General de Segovia (ICU)
Segovia, 40002, Spain
Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia (Anesthesia)
Valencia, 46010, Spain
Hospital Clinico Universitario de Valencia (ICU)
Valencia, 46010, Spain
Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valladolid (Anesthesia)
Valladolid, 47003, Spain
Hospital Universitario Río Hortega (Anesthesia)
Valladolid, 47012, Spain
Hospital Universitario Río Hortega (ICU)
Valladolid, 47012, Spain
Hospital Virgen de la Concha (ICU)
Zamora, 49022, Spain
Related Publications (2)
Villar J, Ferrando C, Martinez D, Ambros A, Munoz T, Soler JA, Aguilar G, Alba F, Gonzalez-Higueras E, Conesa LA, Martin-Rodriguez C, Diaz-Dominguez FJ, Serna-Grande P, Rivas R, Ferreres J, Belda J, Capilla L, Tallet A, Anon JM, Fernandez RL, Gonzalez-Martin JM; dexamethasone in ARDS network. Dexamethasone treatment for the acute respiratory distress syndrome: a multicentre, randomised controlled trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2020 Mar;8(3):267-276. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(19)30417-5. Epub 2020 Feb 7.
PMID: 32043986BACKGROUNDRECOVERY Collaborative Group; Horby P, Lim WS, Emberson JR, Mafham M, Bell JL, Linsell L, Staplin N, Brightling C, Ustianowski A, Elmahi E, Prudon B, Green C, Felton T, Chadwick D, Rege K, Fegan C, Chappell LC, Faust SN, Jaki T, Jeffery K, Montgomery A, Rowan K, Juszczak E, Baillie JK, Haynes R, Landray MJ. Dexamethasone in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19. N Engl J Med. 2021 Feb 25;384(8):693-704. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2021436. Epub 2020 Jul 17.
PMID: 32678530BACKGROUND
MeSH Terms
Conditions
Interventions
Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Study Officials
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
Jesús Villar, MD
Hospital Universitario Dr. Negrin
Central Study Contacts
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- phase 4
- Allocation
- RANDOMIZED
- Masking
- NONE
- Purpose
- TREATMENT
- Intervention Model
- PARALLEL
- Sponsor Type
- OTHER
- Responsible Party
- PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
- PI Title
- Senior scientist
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
September 5, 2020
First Posted
September 10, 2020
Study Start
July 6, 2021
Primary Completion (Estimated)
December 30, 2026
Study Completion (Estimated)
December 30, 2026
Last Updated
August 26, 2025
Record last verified: 2025-08
Data Sharing
- IPD Sharing
- Will not share