Fiber Intake Among Children in Relation to Milk Type, Gastrointestinal Symptoms and Iron Status: a Cross-sectional Study

NCT04508283 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: INA/FI-20040450
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 200
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Fiber as part of the plants can be provided through eating grains, fruits and vegetables. As source of fiber, exclusively breastfed infants do not need additional dietary fiber because breast-milk provides oligosaccharides to maintain the bulk for normal gastrointestinal movements together with gut probiotics. However, after the period of six months of exclusive breastfeeding, then complementary foods are the initial sources of fiber of children aged 6-59 months diet, e.g. cereals, fruits and legumes should then be introduced. However, investigators should consider on the effect of plant foods as a non-haem iron food source that is less bioavailable for iron absorption. There are other dietary factors that inhibit iron bioavailability, i.e. phytates in grains and rice, vegetables protein, calcium and phosphorus in cow's milk and cheese. iron deficiency is remained common globally, especially for children age 6-24 month in which it can developing into a severe condition, i.e. iron deficiency anemia. Iron deficiency as well as anemia is closely related to delay child growth and development, negatively associated with height-for-age, and anemia are at risk for poorer cognitive, motor, social-emotional, and neurophysiologic development in the short- and long-term outcome. The aim of this study is to see the association between fiber intake from different type of milk consumption sources and dietary habits to gastrointestinal health, anemia and growth status among children aged 6-36 months.

Conditions

Healthy Children

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (5)

• Fibre intake profile

  Interview the parents about child's food intake using 24-hour food recall and semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire

  1 day

• Type of milk consumption

  Interview the parents about child's milk consumption

  1 day

• Gastrointestinal symptoms

  Interview the parents about child's gastrointestinal symptoms during the past two weeks using VAS on frequency of bowel movements in a week, the presence of difficulty when passing a bowel movement, bloating, abdominal pain/colic, and flatulence, into four scale, i.e. 0 = never, 1 = rarely, 2 = frequently, or 3 = all the time

  1day

• Iron status

  Child's blood will be taken for hemoglobin assessment

  1 day

• Nutritional status

  Nutritional status will be determined using weight-for-age, height-for-age and weight-for-height indicator

  1 day

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 6 Months - 36 Months
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Child (0-17)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Children aged 6-36 months are recruited from selected Puskesmas (Health Care Center) in Jakarta and Bandung

You may qualify if:

• Children aged 6-36 months who are recruited from selected Puskesmas (Health Care Center) in Jakarta and Bandung after provided with informed consent from their parents

You may not qualify if:

• Children who are seriously ill and/or need special medication

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Indonesian Nutrition Association: lead

Study Sites (1)

Puskesmas Kecamatan Kampung Melayu

Jakarta, DKI Jakarta, 13320, Indonesia

Location

Related Publications (8)

• Hermina and Prihartini. Fruits and vegetables consumption of Indonesian population in the context of balanced nutrition: A Further Analysis of Individual Food Consumption Survey (SKMl). Buletin Penelitian Kesehatan (Health Research Bulletin);2016;44(3): 205-218.

  BACKGROUND

• Rakotonirainy NH, Razafindratovo V, Remonja CR, Rasoloarijaona R, Piola P, Raharintsoa C, Randremanana RV. Dietary diversity of 6- to 59-month-old children in rural areas of Moramanga and Morondava districts, Madagascar. PLoS One. 2018 Jul 13;13(7):e0200235. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200235. eCollection 2018.

  PMID: 30005067 BACKGROUND

• UNICEF. The state of the world's children: Children, food and nutrition: growing well in a changing world 2019.

  BACKGROUND

• Wellington MoH. Food and Nutrition Guidelines for Healthy Infants and Toddlers (Aged 0- 2): A background paper (4th Ed) - Partially Revised December 2012

  BACKGROUND

• Khan JR, Awan N, Misu F. Determinants of anemia among 6-59 months aged children in Bangladesh: evidence from nationally representative data. BMC Pediatr. 2016 Jan 11;16:3. doi: 10.1186/s12887-015-0536-z.

  PMID: 26754288 BACKGROUND

• Widjaja IR, Widjaja FF, Sanotos LA, Wonggokusuma, Oktaviati. Anemia among children and adolescents in a rural area. Paediatr Indones 2014;54(2)

  BACKGROUND

• Ntenda PAM, Chuang KY, Tiruneh FN, Chuang YC. Multilevel Analysis of the Effects of Individual- and Community-Level Factors on Childhood Anemia, Severe Anemia, and Hemoglobin Concentration in Malawi. J Trop Pediatr. 2018 Aug 1;64(4):267-278. doi: 10.1093/tropej/fmx059.

  PMID: 28977637 BACKGROUND

• Lozoff B. Iron deficiency and child development. Food Nutr Bull. 2007 Dec;28(4 Suppl):S560-71. doi: 10.1177/15648265070284S409.

  PMID: 18297894 BACKGROUND

Study Officials

• Saptawati Bardosono, Doctor

  Indonesian Nutrition Association

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: OTHER
• Time Perspective: CROSS SECTIONAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 4, 2020
• First Posted: August 11, 2020
• Study Start: March 1, 2021
• Primary Completion: July 1, 2022
• Study Completion: September 1, 2022
• Last Updated: September 28, 2023

Record last verified: 2023-09

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

ID (1)