NCT04460703

Brief Summary

This study tests different messages about vaccinating against COVID-19 once the vaccine becomes available. Participants are randomized to 1 of 12 arms, with one control arm and one baseline arm. We will compare the reported willingness to get a COVID-19 vaccine at 3 and 6 months of it becoming available between the 10 intervention arms to the 2 control arms. Study participants are recruited online by Lucid, which matches census based sampling in online recruitment.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
4,000

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Jul 2020

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

July 2, 2020

Completed
1 day until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

July 3, 2020

Completed
4 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

July 7, 2020

Completed
1 day until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

July 8, 2020

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

July 8, 2020

Completed
Last Updated

May 5, 2022

Status Verified

April 1, 2022

Enrollment Period

5 days

First QC Date

July 2, 2020

Last Update Submit

April 29, 2022

Conditions

Keywords

messaging

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Intention to get COVID-19 vaccine

    This is a self reported measure, immediately after the intervention message, of the likelihood of getting a COVID-19 vaccination within 3 months and then 6 months of it becoming available. During analysis, responses among those assigned to different intervention messages will be compared to those in the control group.

    Immediately after intervention, in the same survey in which the intervention message is provided

Secondary Outcomes (4)

  • Vaccine confidence scale

    Immediately after intervention, in the same survey in which the intervention message is provided

  • Persuade others item

    Immediately after intervention, in the same survey in which the intervention message is provided

  • Fear of those who have not been vaccinated

    Immediately after intervention, in the same survey in which the intervention message is provided

  • Social judgment of those who do not vaccinate

    Immediately after intervention, in the same survey in which the intervention message is provided

Study Arms (12)

Control

SHAM COMPARATOR

Control message about birdfeeding

Other: Control message

Baseline message

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

These participants will be assigned a message about the benefits of vaccination. All other treatment arms include this baseline language.

Other: Baseline message

Personal freedom

EXPERIMENTAL

Experimental message arm.

Other: Personal freedom message

Economic freedom

EXPERIMENTAL

Experimental message arm.

Other: Economic freedom message

Social benefit, self-interest

EXPERIMENTAL

Experimental message arm.

Other: Self-interest message

Social benefit, community interest

EXPERIMENTAL

Experimental message arm.

Other: Community interest message

Economic benefit

EXPERIMENTAL

Experimental message arm.

Other: Economic benefit message

Social pressure- guilt

EXPERIMENTAL

Experimental message arm.

Other: Guilt message

Social pressure- embarrassment

EXPERIMENTAL

Experimental message arm.

Other: Embarrassment message

Social pressure- anger

EXPERIMENTAL

Experimental message arm.

Other: Anger message

Trust in science

EXPERIMENTAL

Experimental message arm.

Other: Trust in science message

Not bravery arm

EXPERIMENTAL

Experimental message arm.

Other: Not bravery message

Interventions

2/15 of the sample will be assigned to the pure control group, which is a passage on the costs and benefits of bird feeding.

Control

3/15 of the sample will be assigned to a control group with a message about the effectiveness and safety of vaccines.

Baseline message

1/15 of the sample will be assigned to this intervention, which is a message about how COVID-19 is limiting people's personal freedom and by working together to get enough people vaccinated society can preserve its personal freedom.

Personal freedom

1/15 of the sample will be assigned to this intervention, which is a message about how COVID-19 is limiting peoples's economic freedom and by working together to get enough people vaccinated society can preserve its economic freedom.

Economic freedom

1/15 of the sample will be assigned to this intervention, which is a message that COVID-19 presents a real danger to one's health, even if one is young and healthy. Getting vaccinated against COVID-19 is the best way to prevent oneself from getting sick.

Social benefit, self-interest

1/15 of the sample will be assigned to this intervention, which is a message about the dangers of COVID-19 to the health of loved ones. The more people who get vaccinated against COVID-19, the lower the risk that one's loved ones will get sick. Society must work together and all get vaccinated.

Social benefit, community interest

1/15 of the sample will be assigned to this group, which is a message about how COVID-19 is wreaking havoc on the economy and the only way to strengthen the economy is to work together to get enough people vaccinated.

Economic benefit

1/15 of the sample will be assigned to this message. The message is about the danger that COVID-19 presents to the health of one's family and community. The best way to protect them is by getting vaccinated and society must work together to get enough people vaccinated. Then it asks the participant to imagine the guilt they will feel if they don't get vaccinated and spread the disease.

Social pressure- guilt

1/15 of the sample will be assigned to this message. The message is about the danger that COVID-19 presents to the health of one's family and community. The best way to protect them is by getting vaccinated and by working together to make sure that enough people get vaccinated. Then it asks the participant to imagine the embarrassment they will feel if they don't get vaccinated and spread the disease.

Social pressure- embarrassment

1/15 of the sample will be assigned to this message. The message is about the danger that COVID-19 presents to the health of one's family and community. The best way to protect them is by getting vaccinated and by working together to make sure that enough people get vaccinated. Then it asks the participant to imagine the anger they will feel if they don't get vaccinated and spread the disease.

Social pressure- anger

1/15 of the sample will be assigned to this message about how getting vaccinated against COVID-19 is the most effective way of protecting one's community. Vaccination is backed by science. If one doesn't get vaccinated that means that one doesn't understand how infections are spread or who ignores science.

Trust in science

1/15 of the sample will be assigned to this message which describes how firefighters, doctors, and front line medical workers are brave. Those who choose not to get vaccinated against COVID-19 are not brave.

Not bravery arm

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • At least 18 years of age
  • US resident

You may not qualify if:

  • Younger than 18 years of age
  • Non-US resident
  • Do not consent

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Yale University

New Haven, Connecticut, 06510, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • James EK, Bokemper SE, Gerber AS, Omer SB, Huber GA. Persuasive messaging to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake intentions. Vaccine. 2021 Dec 3;39(49):7158-7165. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.10.039. Epub 2021 Oct 22.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

COVID-19

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Pneumonia, ViralPneumoniaRespiratory Tract InfectionsInfectionsVirus DiseasesCoronavirus InfectionsCoronaviridae InfectionsNidovirales InfectionsRNA Virus InfectionsLung DiseasesRespiratory Tract Diseases

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
OTHER
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: In this study, 2/15 of participants will be assigned to a control message (bird feeding passage), 3/15 of sample to a baseline vaccine message, and 1/15 to each of the 10 other treatment arms.
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

July 2, 2020

First Posted

July 7, 2020

Study Start

July 3, 2020

Primary Completion

July 8, 2020

Study Completion

July 8, 2020

Last Updated

May 5, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-04

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

Anonymized data and analysis code will be posted in a public replication archive after publication.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, ICF, ANALYTIC CODE
Time Frame
After publication
Access Criteria
Anonymized data and analysis code will be posted in a public replication archive

Locations