Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthetic Response to Amino Acid and Peptides

NCT03952884 | Completed DMC

• 1 other identifier: 18897
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 10
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Skeletal muscle quality is an important determinant of exercise performance and overall health. It is vital for not just movement, but also metabolizing nutrients. Protein from the diet can promote muscle protein synthesis for muscle recovery and growth. More importantly, doing so shifts net protein balance positively (e.g. protein synthesis is greater than protein breakdown) and promotes greater rates of muscle protein turnover. Leucine is an amino acid required to build muscle, but it also acts as a signaling molecule informing the muscle to start protein synthesis. Before reaching skeletal muscle, dietary protein is digested into small peptides and free amino acids. Rate of absorption from the intestine to the blood stream is significantly faster for peptides compared to amino acids. As amino acid availability in the blood is a precursor for muscle protein synthesis, our objective is to determine if the different absorption rates between free amino acid and peptides influence muscle protein synthetic and breakdown rates.

Conditions

Protein Metabolism

Keywords

Metabolism; Amino Acid Peptides; Muscle Protein Synthesis; Muscle Protein Breakdown

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

• Fractional Synthetic Rate of Mixed Muscle Proteins

  Mixed muscle protein synthesis rates will be assessed during the 3.5hr Postabsorptive period (e.g. non-fed state) and the 3hr postprandial period (e.g. fed state) for both experimental interventions (e.g. leucine and leucine peptide). This will allow us to assess the change in fractional synthetic rate from the Postabsorptive period to the postprandial period.

  Postabsorptive for 3.5 hours, Postprandial for 3 hours.

• Fractional Synthetic Rate of Myofibrillar Proteins

  Myofibrillar muscle protein synthesis rates will be assessed during the 3.5hr Postabsorptive period (e.g. non-fed state) and the 3hr postprandial period (e.g. fed state) for both experimental interventions (e.g. leucine and leucine peptide). This will allow us to assess the change in fractional synthetic rate from the Postabsorptive period to the postprandial period.

  Postabsorptive for 3.5 hours, Postprandial for 3 hours.

• Fractional Breakdown Rate of Mixed Muscle Proteins

  Mixed muscle protein breakdown rates will be assessed during the first hour of the postprandial period (e.g. fed state) for both experimental interventions (e.g. leucine and leucine peptide). This will allow us to assess the change in fractional breakdown rate for each respective experimental intervention.

  Postprandial for 1 hour

Secondary Outcomes (1)

• Phosphorylation of muscle anabolic signaling

  Baseline, immediately after ingestion of leucine/leucine peptides, and 3 hours after ingestion of leucine/leucine peptides

Study Arms (2)

Leucine

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants will be allocated to an exercise or non-exercise group. After resistance exercise (or equivalent time point for non-exercise group), participants will consume 2g leucine powder dissolved in 250 mL of water.

Behavioral: Resistance Exercise; Behavioral: No Resistance Exercise; Dietary Supplement: Leucine

Leucine Peptide (Dileucine)

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will be allocated to an exercise or non-exercise group. After resistance exercise (or equivalent time point for non-exercise group), participants will consume 2g protein peptide powder dissolved in 250 mL of water.

Behavioral: Resistance Exercise; Behavioral: No Resistance Exercise; Dietary Supplement: Dileucine

Interventions

Resistance Exercise BEHAVIORAL

Prior to protein consumption participants will perform an acute bout of resistance exercise. They will warm up with two sets of 10 repetitions at 35-75% working load respectively, then perform four working sets of 10-12 repetitions at 65-70% of 1-RM. 1 min, 30 sec rest periods will be implemented between each set.

Leucine; Leucine Peptide (Dileucine)

No Resistance Exercise BEHAVIORAL

Participants allocated to this group will not perform exercise prior to the administration of the nutritional intervention. Participants will remain at rest throughout the trial.

Leucine; Leucine Peptide (Dileucine)

Leucine DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Participants will be given 2g of leucine dissolved in 250mL of water. Drink will be consumed immediately after exercise or equivalent time point for non-exercise group.

Leucine

Dileucine DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Participants will be given 2g of dileucine dissolved in 250mL of water. Drink will be consumed immediately after exercise or equivalent time point for non-exercise group.

Leucine Peptide (Dileucine)

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 35 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• Recreationally-active adults: ≥ 30 min of physical activity at moderate intensity ≥ 3 times per week
• Ages: 18-35 years old
• English fluency

You may not qualify if:

• Tobacco, nicotine (patch/gum) use (previous 6 mo)
• Alcohol consumption \>10 drinks per week
• Metabolic disorders (e.g., Metabolic Syndrome, Diabetes, thyroid diseases)
• Cardiovascular disease, arrhythmias
• Hypogonadism
• Asthma
• History of uncontrolled hypertension
• Orthopedic injury/surgery (within 1 yr)
• Hepatorenal, musculoskeletal, autoimmune, or neurological disease
• History of neuromuscular problems
• Previous participation in amino acid tracer studies
• Predisposition to hypertrophic scarring or keloid formation
• Consumption of ergogenic-levels of dietary supplements that may affect muscle mass (e.g., creatine, HMB), insulin-like substances, or anabolic/catabolic pro-hormones (e.g., DHEA) within 6 weeks prior to participation
• Consumption of thyroid, androgenic, or other medications known to affect endocrine function
• Consumption of medications known to affect protein metabolism (e.g., prescription-strength corticosteroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatories, or acne medication)

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign: lead

Study Sites (1)

Freer Hall

Urbana, Illinois, 61801, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Interventions

Resistance Training; Leucine

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Exercise Therapy; Rehabilitation; Aftercare; Continuity of Patient Care; Patient Care; Therapeutics; Physical Therapy Modalities; Physical Conditioning, Human; Exercise; Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena; Amino Acids, Branched-Chain; Amino Acids; Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins; Amino Acids, Essential

Study Officials

• Nicholas A. Burd, Ph.D.

  University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: TRIPLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: May 8, 2019
• First Posted: May 16, 2019
• Study Start: May 3, 2019
• Primary Completion: November 20, 2019
• Study Completion: November 20, 2019
• Last Updated: September 28, 2020

Record last verified: 2020-09

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

US (1)