NCT03454048

Brief Summary

This is a single-center, open label study. The primary aim of this project is to develop a controlled human malaria infection transmission model ("CHMI-trans") or "challenge model" to evaluate the capacity of vaccines, biologics (monoclonal antibodies, or mAbs), and drugs to block malaria parasite transmission by assessing infectiousness of Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) gametocyte carriers for Anopheles mosquitoes.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
24

participants targeted

Target at below P25 for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started May 2018

Shorter than P25 for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

February 27, 2018

Completed
6 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

March 5, 2018

Completed
2 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

May 7, 2018

Completed
6 months until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

November 1, 2018

Completed
19 days until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

November 20, 2018

Completed
1.4 years until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

March 31, 2020

Completed
Last Updated

July 7, 2020

Status Verified

March 1, 2020

Enrollment Period

6 months

First QC Date

February 27, 2018

Results QC Date

November 6, 2019

Last Update Submit

June 15, 2020

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (3)

  • Frequency of Adverse Events in the CHMI-trans Model

    Frequency of adverse events in the CHMI-trans model.

    up to day 51 after challenge infection

  • Gametocyte Prevalence

    Number of individuals in each study arm that show prevalence of gametocytes as defined by quantitative reverse-transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR) for CCp4 (female) and PfMGET (male) mRNA with a threshold of 5 gametocytes/mL for positivity.

    up to day 51 after challenge infection

  • Magnitude of Adverse Events in the CHMI-trans Model

    symptoms will be ranked as (1) mild, (2) moderate, or (3) severe, depending on their intensity according to the following scale: * Mild (grade 1): awareness of symptoms that are easily tolerated and do not interfere with usual daily activity * Moderate (grade 2): discomfort that interferes with or limits usual daily activity * Severe (grade 3): disabling, with subsequent inability to perform usual daily activity, resulting in absence or required bed rest

    up to day 51 after challenge infection

Secondary Outcomes (5)

  • Peak Density Gametocytes

    up to day 51 after challenge infection

  • AUC Gametocytes

    up to day 51 after challenge infection

  • Gametocyte Commitment

    up to day 51 after challenge infection

  • Gametocyte Sex-ratio

    up to day 51 after challenge infection

  • Number of Participants Infectious for Mosquitoes Through DFA

    up to day 51 after challenge infection

Study Arms (4)

Group 1 (Cohort A) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/PIP

EXPERIMENTAL

Cohort A will be subjected to a standard controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) delivered by five Pf-infected mosquitoes. All volunteers will be treated with a single oral subcurative low-dose of piperaquine (LD-PIP, 480 mg, T1). Volunteers will receive a second treatment (T2, LD-PIP2, 480mg) if a recrudescence of asexual parasitemia occurs before day 21 post challenge infection. Volunteers in group 1 (LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/PIP) will be curatively treated with piperaquine (960mg).

Drug: Piperaquine (low dose)Drug: Piperaquine (high dose)Drug: Atovaquone ProguanilOther: malaria challenge infection, P. falciparum 3D7

Group 2 (Cohort A) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/SP

EXPERIMENTAL

Cohort A will be subjected to a standard controlled human malaria infection (CHMI) delivered by five Pf-infected mosquitoes. All volunteers will be treated with a single oral subcurative low-dose of piperaquine (LD-PIP, 480 mg, T1). Volunteers will receive a second treatment (T2, LD-PIP2, 480mg) if a recrudescence of asexual parasitemia occurs before day 21 post challenge infection. Volunteers in group 2(LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/SP) will be curatively treated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (1000mg/50mg).

Drug: Piperaquine (low dose)Drug: Sulfadoxine pyrimethamineDrug: Atovaquone ProguanilOther: malaria challenge infection, P. falciparum 3D7

Group 3 (Cohort B) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/PIP

EXPERIMENTAL

Cohort B will be subjected to a standard blood stage challenge with \~2,800 Pf-infected erythrocytes by intravenous injection. All volunteers will be treated with a single oral subcurative low-dose of piperaquine (LD-PIP, 480 mg, T1). Volunteers will receive a second treatment (T2, LD-PIP2, 480mg) if a recrudescence of asexual parasitemia occurs before day 21 post challenge infection. Volunteers in group 3 (LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/PIP) will be curatively treated with piperaquine (960mg)

Drug: Piperaquine (low dose)Drug: Piperaquine (high dose)Drug: Atovaquone ProguanilOther: Blood stage malaria challenge infection, P. falciparum 3D7

Group 4 (Cohort B) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/SP

EXPERIMENTAL

Cohort B will be subjected to a standard blood stage challenge with \~2,800 Pf-infected erythrocytes by intravenous injection. All volunteers will be treated with a single oral subcurative low-dose of piperaquine (LD-PIP, 480 mg, T1). Volunteers will receive a second treatment (T2, LD-PIP2, 480mg) if a recrudescence of asexual parasitemia occurs before day 21 post challenge infection. Volunteers in group 4 (LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/SP) will be curatively treated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (1000mg/50mg).

Drug: Piperaquine (low dose)Drug: Sulfadoxine pyrimethamineDrug: Atovaquone ProguanilOther: Blood stage malaria challenge infection, P. falciparum 3D7

Interventions

subcurative regimen (480 mg)

Also known as: piperaquine phosphate
Group 1 (Cohort A) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/PIPGroup 2 (Cohort A) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/SPGroup 3 (Cohort B) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/PIPGroup 4 (Cohort B) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/SP

Curative regimen (960mg)

Also known as: piperaquine phosphate
Group 1 (Cohort A) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/PIPGroup 3 (Cohort B) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/PIP

Curative regimen (1000mg/50mg)

Also known as: Fansidar
Group 2 (Cohort A) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/SPGroup 4 (Cohort B) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/SP

Curative regimen (1000/400 mg, for 3 days)

Also known as: Malarone
Group 1 (Cohort A) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/PIPGroup 2 (Cohort A) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/SPGroup 3 (Cohort B) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/PIPGroup 4 (Cohort B) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/SP

malaria challenge infection by P. falciparum 3D7-infected mosquito bites

Also known as: 3D7 Plasmodium falciparum
Group 1 (Cohort A) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/PIPGroup 2 (Cohort A) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/SP

P. falciparum 3D7-infected human erythrocytes administered intravenously for the purpose controlled human malaria infection.

Also known as: P. falciparum 3D7-infected human erythrocytes
Group 3 (Cohort B) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/PIPGroup 4 (Cohort B) LD-PIP/LD-PIP2/SP

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 35 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

  • In order to be eligible to participate in this study, a subject must meet all of the following criteria:
  • Subject is aged ≥ 18 and ≤ 35 years and in good health.
  • Subject has adequate understanding of the procedures of the study and is able and willing (in the investigator's opinion) to comply with all study requirements.
  • Subject is willing to complete an informed consent questionnaire and is able to answer all questions correctly.
  • Subject is able to communicate well with the investigator and is available to attend all study visits, lives in proximity to the trial centre (\<10 km) or (if \>10km) is willing to stay in a hotel close to the trial centre during part of the study (from day 4 (blood stage challenge) 5 (sporozoite challenge) post-infection until T1+4 provided that the subject has had 2 consecutive negative 18S qPCR tests (at least 24 hours apart) following T1 treatment; or until day T3+3).
  • The subject will remain within the Netherlands during the challenge period, will not travel to a malaria-endemic area during the study period, and is reachable (24/7) by mobile telephone throughout the entire study period.
  • Subject agrees to their general practitioner being informed and contacted about their participation in the study and agrees to sign a form to request the release by their General Practitioner (GP), and medical specialist when necessary, to the investigator(s), of any relevant medical information concerning possible contra-indications for participation in the study.
  • The subject agrees to refrain from blood donation to Sanquin or for other purposes throughout the study period and for a defined period thereafter according to current Sanquin guidelines.
  • For female subjects: subject agrees to use continuous adequate contraception\*\* and not to breastfeed for the duration of study.
  • Subject agrees to refrain from intensive physical exercise (disproportionate to the subject's usual daily activity or exercise routine) during the malaria challenge period until day 38 after infection.
  • Subject agrees to avoid additional triggers that may cause elevations in liver enzymes including alcohol from baseline up to 1 week post treatment (T3).
  • Subject has signed written informed consent to participate in the trial. (\*Acceptable forms of contraception include: established use of oral, injected or implanted hormonal contraceptives; intrauterine device or intrauterine system; barrier methods (condoms or diaphragm with additional spermicide); male partner's sterilisation (with appropriate post-vasectomy documentation of absence of sperm in the ejaculate); true abstinence when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the subject; Periodic abstinence (e.g., calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, post-ovulation methods) and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception.)

You may not qualify if:

  • A potential subject who meets any of the following criteria will be excluded from participation in this study:
  • Any history, or evidence at screening, of clinically significant symptoms, physical signs or abnormal laboratory values suggestive of systemic conditions, such as cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal, hepatic, neurological, dermatological, endocrine, malignant, haematological, infectious, immunodeficient, psychiatric and other disorders, which could compromise the health of the volunteer during the study or interfere with the interpretation of the study results. These include, but are not limited to, any of the following.
  • Body weight \<50 kg or Body Mass Index (BMI) \<18 or \>30 kg/m2 at screening. 1.2. A heightened risk of cardiovascular disease, as determined by: an estimated ten year risk of fatal cardiovascular disease of ≥5% at screening, as determined by the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE); history, or evidence at screening, of clinically significant arrhythmia's, prolonged QT-interval or other clinically relevant ECG abnormalities; or a positive family history of cardiac events in 1st or 2nd degree relatives \<50 years old.
  • A medical history of functional asplenia, sickle cell trait/disease, thalassaemia trait/disease or G6PD-deficiency.
  • History of epilepsy in the period of five years prior to study onset, even if no longer on medication.
  • Screening tests positive for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), active Hepatitis B Virus (HBV), Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) 1.6. Chronic use of i) immunosuppressive drugs, ii) antibiotics, iii) or other immune modifying drugs within three months prior to study onset (inhaled and topical corticosteroids and oral anti-histamines exempted) or expected use of such during the study period.
  • Any recent or current systemic therapy with an antibiotic or drug with potential anti-malarial activity (chloroquine, doxycycline, tetracycline, piperaquine, benzodiazepine, flunarizine, fluoxetine, tetracycline, azithromycin, clindamycin, erythromycin, hydroxychloroquine, etc.) (allowable timeframe for use at the Investigator's discretion).
  • History of malignancy of any organ system (other than localized basal cell carcinoma of the skin), treated or untreated, within the past 5 years.
  • Any history of treatment for severe psychiatric disease by a psychiatrist in the past year.
  • For female subjects: positive urine pregnancy test at screening and/or at the baseline visit.
  • Abnormal ALT/AST values on baseline
  • Any history of malaria, positive serology for P. falciparum, or previous participation in any malaria (vaccine) study.
  • Known hypersensitivity to or contra-indications (including co-medication) for use of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine, piperaquine, chloroquine, Malarone®, artemether-lumefantrine, primaquine or history of severe (allergic) reactions to mosquito bites.
  • Participation in any other clinical study in the 30 days prior to the start of the study or during the study period.
  • Being an employee or student of the department of Medical Microbiology of the Radboudumc or the department of Internal Medicine.
  • +3 more criteria

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Radboud university medical center

Nijmegen, Gelderland, 6525 GA, Netherlands

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Alkema M, Reuling IJ, de Jong GM, Lanke K, Coffeng LE, van Gemert GJ, van de Vegte-Bolmer M, de Mast Q, van Crevel R, Ivinson K, Ockenhouse CF, McCarthy JS, Sauerwein R, Collins KA, Bousema T. A Randomized Clinical Trial to Compare Plasmodium falciparum Gametocytemia and Infectivity After Blood-Stage or Mosquito Bite-Induced Controlled Malaria Infection. J Infect Dis. 2021 Oct 13;224(7):1257-1265. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa157.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Malaria, Falciparum

Interventions

piperaquinefanasil, pyrimethamine drug combinationatovaquone, proguanil drug combination

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

MalariaProtozoan InfectionsParasitic DiseasesInfectionsMosquito-Borne DiseasesVector Borne Diseases

Results Point of Contact

Title
Prof. dr. Teun Bousema
Organization
Radboud university medical center

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
Yes

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
OTHER
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Prof. dr.

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

February 27, 2018

First Posted

March 5, 2018

Study Start

May 7, 2018

Primary Completion

November 1, 2018

Study Completion

November 20, 2018

Last Updated

July 7, 2020

Results First Posted

March 31, 2020

Record last verified: 2020-03

Locations