NCT03429387

Brief Summary

Patients with acute leukaemia requiring induction or consolidation chemotherapy and those requiring a haematopoietic stem cell transplant are at high risk of fever and infection when they have low white cell counts (neutropenic fever). The causes of neutropenic fever are frequently unknown and patients are treated with broad antibiotics, without a clear target to what is being treated. This study will prospectively enroll patients who are receiving chemotherapy for acute leukaemia or for a stem cell transplant and compare the diagnostic utility of bacterial and fungal PCR performed directly off blood drawn, to the standard blood culture. Patients who have persistent fever after 72 hours of antibiotics will then be randomized to have either the interventional scan (PET/CT) or the conventional scan (standard CT) to look for a source of infection. Diagnostic yield, change in management and outcomes will be compared between arms.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
147

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Jan 2018

Typical duration for not_applicable

Geographic Reach
1 country

2 active sites

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

December 5, 2017

Completed
1 month until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

January 8, 2018

Completed
1 month until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

February 12, 2018

Completed
2.5 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

August 1, 2020

Completed
6 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

January 23, 2021

Completed
Last Updated

May 17, 2022

Status Verified

May 1, 2022

Enrollment Period

2.6 years

First QC Date

December 5, 2017

Last Update Submit

May 15, 2022

Conditions

Keywords

Diagnosis

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Change in management following randomized scan

    Defined as: * referral for targeted sampling, referral for surgery * change in antimicrobial therapy * removal of a central line

    Within 48 hours of scan result

Secondary Outcomes (6)

  • Proportion of participants with a cause of neutropenic fever

    By hospital discharge, an average of 4 weeks

  • Hospital length of stay

    By hospital discharge, an average of 4 weeks

  • Costs of hospital care

    By hospital discharge, an average of 4 weeks

  • Proportion admitted to intensive care

    By hospital discharge, an average of 4 weeks

  • In hospital mortality

    By hospital discharge, an average of 4 weeks

  • +1 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

FDG-PET/CT arm

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants with persistent febrile neutropenia after 72 hours of onset who are randomized to this arm will have an FDG-PET/CT performed to look for source of fever.

Diagnostic Test: FDG-PET/CT

Conventional CT arm

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants with persistent febrile neutropenia after 72 hours of onset who are randomized to this arm will have a conventional CT (HRCT chest and sinuses +/- other regions as per clinician's discretion) performed to look for source of fever.

Diagnostic Test: Conventional CT

Interventions

FDG-PET/CTDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

FDG-PET performed with low dose CT

Also known as: PET/CT
FDG-PET/CT arm
Conventional CTDIAGNOSTIC_TEST

HRCT and CT of sinuses +/- other regions as per clinician's discretion

Conventional CT arm

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • About to have an allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant, OR
  • About to have an autologous haematopoietic stem cell transplant, OR
  • Commencing induction or consolidation chemotherapy with curative intent for acute myeloid or acute lymphoid leukaemia

You may not qualify if:

  • Current actively diagnosed infection prior to transplant or chemotherapy
  • Allergy to intravenous contrast for CT imaging
  • eGFR \<30
  • Pregnant

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (2)

Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre

Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia

Location

Melbourne Health

Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia

Location

Related Publications (2)

  • Tew M, Douglas AP, Szer J, Bajel A, Harrison SJ, Tio SY, Worth LJ, Hicks RJ, Ritchie D, Slavin MA, Thursky KA, Dalziel K. Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of [18F]FDG-PET/CT for investigation of persistent or recurrent neutropenic fever in high-risk haematology patients. Cancer Imaging. 2023 Dec 15;23(1):119. doi: 10.1186/s40644-023-00647-7.

  • Douglas A, Thursky K, Spelman T, Szer J, Bajel A, Harrison S, Tio SY, Bupha-Intr O, Tew M, Worth L, Teh B, Chee L, Ng A, Carney D, Khot A, Haeusler G, Yong M, Trubiano J, Chen S, Hicks R, Ritchie D, Slavin M. [18F]FDG-PET-CT compared with CT for persistent or recurrent neutropenic fever in high-risk patients (PIPPIN): a multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Haematol. 2022 Aug;9(8):e573-e584. doi: 10.1016/S2352-3026(22)00166-1. Epub 2022 Jun 28.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Leukemia, Myeloid, AcutePrecursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-LymphomaFebrile NeutropeniaDisease

Interventions

Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Leukemia, MyeloidLeukemiaNeoplasms by Histologic TypeNeoplasmsHematologic DiseasesHemic and Lymphatic DiseasesLeukemia, LymphoidLymphoproliferative DisordersLymphatic DiseasesImmunoproliferative DisordersImmune System DiseasesNeutropeniaAgranulocytosisLeukopeniaCytopeniaLeukocyte DisordersPathologic ProcessesPathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Positron-Emission TomographyTomography, Emission-ComputedImage Interpretation, Computer-AssistedDiagnostic ImagingDiagnostic Techniques and ProceduresDiagnosisTomography, X-Ray ComputedMultimodal ImagingRadiographic Image EnhancementImage EnhancementPhotographyRadiographyTomography, X-RayRadionuclide ImagingTomographyDiagnostic Techniques, Radioisotope

Study Officials

  • Monica Slavin, MBBS, MD

    Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Australia

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
DIAGNOSTIC
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Model Details: Participants will be randomized to either the PET/CT arm or the conventional CT arm
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

December 5, 2017

First Posted

February 12, 2018

Study Start

January 8, 2018

Primary Completion

August 1, 2020

Study Completion

January 23, 2021

Last Updated

May 17, 2022

Record last verified: 2022-05

Locations