Protein Supplementation and Muscle Recovery in Football

NCT03348267 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: PROTEIN-FOOTBALL RECOVERY-UTH
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 20
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Soccer is an intermittent sport including a high number of powerful actions such as accelerations, decelerations, changes of direction, jumps and impacts that incorporate a strong eccentric component and may therefore lead to skeletal muscle damage. Indeed, match activity is associated with the onset of muscle damage and an acute inflammatory response that result in attenuated performance for as long as 1 to 3 days. In competitive soccer though, multiple matches are performed within a small-time frame resulting in inadequate muscle recovery and reduced field performance. Supplementation with milk proteins following intense exercise protocols has been shown to stimulate protein synthesis and facilitate muscle recovery. Thus, the aim of the present investigation is to examine the effects of milk protein supplementation on muscle recovery and soccer-specific performance during an in-season microcycle with two matches performed three days apart.

Conditions

Skeletal Muscle Damage; Muscle Inflammation; Muscle Recovery; Soccer Performance

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (17)

• Change in creatine kinase in plasma

  Concentration of creatine kinase will be measured in plasma

  At baseline, at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 1 as well as at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 2

• Change in uric acid in plasma

  Concentration of uric acid will be measured in plasma

  At baseline, at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 1 as well as at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 2

• Change in protein carbonyls in blood

  Concentration of protein carbonyls will be measured in red blood cells

  At baseline, at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 1 as well as at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 2

• Change in total antioxidant capacity

  Total antioxidant capacity will be measured in plasma

  At baseline, at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 1 as well as at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 2

• Change in reduced glutathione in blood

  Concentration of reduced glutathione will be measured in in red blood cells

  At baseline, at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 1 as well as at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 2

• Change in oxidized glutathione in blood

  Concentration of oxidized glutathione will be measured in red blood cells

  At baseline, at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 1 as well as at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 2

• Change in malondialdehyde in blood

  Concentration of malondialdehyde will be measured in serum

  At baseline, at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 1 as well as at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 2

• Change in catalase activity

  Catalase activity will be measured in red blood cells

  At baseline, at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 1 as well as at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 2

• Change in protein carbonyls in muscle

  Concentration of protein carbonyls will be measured in muscle

  At baseline, 24h post-Match 1 and 24h post-Match 2

• Change in intracellular signaling proteins in muscle

  Phosphorylation levels of Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and p70S6K will be measure using western blotting.

  At baseline, 24h post-Match 1 and 24h post-Match 2

• Change in proteasome activities in muscle

  Chymotrypsin-like (CT-L), caspase-like (C-L) and trypsin-like (T-L) proteasome activities will be assayed with hydrolysis of the fluorogenic peptide LLVY-AMC, LLE-AMC and LSTR-AMC, respectively.

  At baseline, 24h post-Match 1 and 24h post-Match 2

• Change in satellite cells in muscle

  Pax7, Myf5, MyoD and Myogenin will be measured in order to quantify quiescent, activated, proliferated-differentiated and fused satellite cells respectively.

  At baseline, 24h post-Match 1 and 24h post-Match 2

• Change in repeated Sprint Ability

  5 x 30 m sprints will be performed with 25 seconds rest in-between. Mean time for 5 sprints and fatigue index will be calculated.

  At baseline, at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 1 as well as at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 2

• Change in countermovement jump

  Countermovement jump will be assessed on a contact platform

  At baseline, at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 1 as well as at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 2

• Change in isokinetic strength of lower limbs

  Isokinetic strength will be assessed on an isokinetic dynamometer for both knee extensors and knee flexors at 120 and 180 degrees.

  At baseline, at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 1 as well as at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 2

• Change in match activity

  Match activity will be continuously recorded during both matches using GPS technology.

  During Match 1 and Match 2

• Change in heart rate

  Heart rate will be continuously recorded during both matches using the Team Polar system.

  During Match 1 and Match 2

Secondary Outcomes (3)

• Change in delayed onset of muscle soreness

  At baseline, at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 1 as well as at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 2

• Dietary intake

  Over a 7-day period at baseline.

• Change in white blood cell count.

  At baseline, immediately after Match 1, at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 1 as well as immediately after Match 2 and at 24h, 48h and 72h post-Match 2.

Study Arms (2)

Protein

EXPERIMENTAL

On the match day, 25g of protein consumed immediately after the match and then 30g at 3h (+3h) and 25g at 6h (+6h). On each day of the remaining days, 20 g of protein consumed with breakfast.

Dietary Supplement: Milk protein isolate

Placebo

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

On the match day, 500 ml received received orally immediately post-match and then at +3h and +6h. On the remaining days, 500 ml daily with breakfast.

Dietary Supplement: Placebo

Interventions

Milk protein isolate DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

Milk protein isolate in a powder form consisted of 80% casein and 20% whey protein. 20g were diluted into 500 ml water

Protein

Placebo DIETARY_SUPPLEMENT

500 mL drink that contained water (375 mL), sugar-free cordial (125 mL) and 2 g of low-calorie glucose/dextrose powder.

Placebo

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 25 Years
• Sex: male
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• i) participation at elite level (top three division leagues) of soccer competition for at least five years, ii) abstain from consumption of performance-enhancing supplements, antioxidant supplements and medications (for at least 6 months before and during the study), iv) participate in at least six two-hour training sessions per week and played at least one match per week and v) non-smokers.

You may not qualify if:

• i) a known milk intolerance or allergy, ii) a recent febrile illness, iii) history of muscle lesion, iv) lower limb trauma and v) metabolic diseases.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Thessaly: lead

Study Sites (1)

Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, School of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, University of Thessaly

Trikala, 42100, Greece

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Myositis, Inclusion Body

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Myositis; Muscular Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Neuromuscular Diseases; Nervous System Diseases

Study Officials

• ATHANASIOS POULIOS, PhDc

  UNIVERSITY OF THESSALY, SCHOOL OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION & SPORTS SCIENCES

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: DOUBLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR
• Purpose: BASIC SCIENCE
• Intervention Model: CROSSOVER
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: November 15, 2017
• First Posted: November 20, 2017
• Study Start: May 1, 2016
• Primary Completion: June 30, 2016
• Study Completion: September 15, 2016
• Last Updated: January 30, 2018

Record last verified: 2018-01

Locations

GR (1)