Low Intensity Training Combined With KAATSU on Muscle Vasodilatation and Arterial Stiffness in the Elderly Population

NCT03272737 | Completed DMC FDA Device

• 1 other identifier: 2016/07993-3
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 26
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the acute and chronic effect of low intensity strength training with or without moderate blood flow restriction on muscle vasodilation and arterial stiffness in elders with low gait speed. In addition, the responses of prothrombotic factors in blood coagulation, the impact on heart rate and arterial pressure will be assessed.

Conditions

Frail Elderly Syndrome

Keywords

KAATSU; Cardiovascular system; Elderly

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Anthropometric Assessment

  The body weight will be evaluated using the Filizola brand scale, with an accuracy of 0.1 kg. The stature will be obtained by means of the stadiometer coupled to the Filizola scale, with an accuracy of 0.5 cm. The BMI will be calculated from the weight ratio by height squared. For measures of circumference of the quadriceps, a tape measure of the brand Seca, with precision of 0.1 cm will be used. Anthropometric measurements will be made following the standardization of the International Society for Anthropometric Assessments (ISAK, 2001).

  Before and after 12 weeksof training

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Coagulation factors

  Before and after 12 weeksof training

• Tolerability, adherence and adverse effects

  Before and after 12 weeks of training

• Arterial pressure and heart rate

  Before and after 12 weeks of training

• Speed Gait

  Before and after 12 weeks of training

Other Outcomes (2)

• Plesthysmography

  Before and after 12 weeks of training

• Pulse wave velocity

  Before and after 12 weeks of training

Study Arms (2)

Traditional strength exercise

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

This group will be carried out to knee extension exercise without blood flow restriction. Interventions: * Plethysmography; * Protocols of isometric exercise; * Pulse wave Velocity (PWV); * Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD); * Arterial pressure and blood pressure; * Quality of life (Euro Qol); * 1RM test * Speed gait test * Anthropometric Assessment

Procedure: 1RM Test; Procedure: Speed gait test; Device: Venous occlusion plethysmography protocol; Device: Measurement of Arterial Stiffness - Pulse Wave Analysis and Velocity; Device: Isometric handgrip exercise protocol; Device: Vasodilatory capacity; Device: Basal blood flow and vasodilatory capacity - Flow mediated dilation (FMD); Diagnostic Test: Quality of Life EuroQol-5 Domain; Other: Anthropometric Assessment

Strength exercise with KAATSU

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

This group will be carried out to knee extension exercise with partial blood flow restriction. Interventions: * Plethysmography; * Protocols of isometric exercise; * Pulse wave Velocity (PWV); * Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD); * Arterial pressure and blood pressure; * Quality of life (Euro Qol); * 1RM test * Speed gait test * Anthropometric Assessment

Procedure: 1RM Test; Procedure: Speed gait test; Device: Venous occlusion plethysmography protocol; Device: Measurement of Arterial Stiffness - Pulse Wave Analysis and Velocity; Device: Isometric handgrip exercise protocol; Device: Vasodilatory capacity; Device: Basal blood flow and vasodilatory capacity - Flow mediated dilation (FMD); Diagnostic Test: Quality of Life EuroQol-5 Domain; Other: Anthropometric Assessment

Interventions

1RM Test PROCEDURE

The dynamic force of the lower limb muscles will be evaluated by the maximal repetition of knee extension and leg press exercise, according to the protocol presented in a previous study \[37\]. The elderly will perform a warm up consisting of 1 series with 10 unloaded repetitions. After the warm up, the mass to be lifted will be progressively increased until the maximum load that can be lifted is reached, with a maximum limit of 5 attempts and a 3 to 5 minutes interval between them. The test will be conducted by a physical education professional who will verbally encourage participants throughout these steps and perform the load adjustment at week 5 and 10 (Radaelli, 2014).

Also known as: 1RM Test (Knee extension and Seated leg press)

Strength exercise with KAATSU; Traditional strength exercise

Speed gait test PROCEDURE

To measure the gait speed of participants they will walk 4.6 metres and the time needed to cover this distance is measured. The mean of three attempts is recorded and divided by the distance. The participants included must achieve in the walking test an average of \< 0.,9 m/s (Guralnik, 1994).

Strength exercise with KAATSU; Traditional strength exercise

Venous occlusion plethysmography protocol DEVICE

A mercury-filled silastic tube, connected to a low-pressure transducer and a plethysmograph (D.E. Hokanson), will be placed around the largest circumference of the calf region. One cuff will be placed around the ankle and another around the thigh. The ankle cuff will be inflated to a supra-systolic pressure 30 seconds before starting the measurements. At 15-second intervals, the cuff around the thigh will be inflated above the venous pressure for a period of seven to eight seconds. Increased tension in the silastic tube reflects an increase in leg volume and vasodilation. The signal of the muscle blood flow wave will be recorded on a polygraph and analysed every minute, averaging three records per minute. The protocol will be performed during 5 minutes of rest, 3 minutes isometric exercise and 2 minutes of recovery (Bahia, 2006).

Strength exercise with KAATSU; Traditional strength exercise

Measurement of Arterial Stiffness - Pulse Wave Analysis and Velocity DEVICE

Arterial stiffness will be estimated from the carotid-femoral aortic pulse wave velocity \[33\]. Carotid-femoral aortic pulse waves will be recorded by tonometry (SphygmoCor, AtCor Medical, Australia). At the same time, an electrocardiogram will be obtained to calculate the wave transit time. Two distances will be measured: the recording point of the carotid artery and the sternal furcula (distance 1) and the sternal furcula and the recording point in the femoral artery (distance 2). The distance travelled by the pulse wave will be calculated as "distance 2" - "distance 1". The carotid-femoral aortic pulse wave velocity will be calculated as: carotid-femoral aortic pulse wave velocity = ¼ \* distance travelled by the pulse wave (m) / transit time(s).

Strength exercise with KAATSU; Traditional strength exercise

Isometric handgrip exercise protocol DEVICE

In a supine position, the maximal voluntary handgrip force will be determined as the highest force in 3 consecutive attempts using a Jamar hydraulic palmar dynamometer (Asimow Engineering, CAL, USA). For activation of the central command, mechanoreceptors and muscular metaboreceptors the individual will perform, after 5 minutes of rest (baseline records), 3 minutes of exercise at 30% MVC. This manoeuvre isolates the activation of muscle metaboreceptors, observing the selective activation of these. After the isometric handgrip exercise, 2 minutes of recovery will be performed. Throughout the protocol muscle blood flow, blood pressure and heart rate will be recorded.

Strength exercise with KAATSU; Traditional strength exercise

Vasodilatory capacity DEVICE

The vasodilatory capacity will be calculated as the percentage of increase of the diameter of the brachial artery and femoral post occlusion in relation to its basal values.

Strength exercise with KAATSU; Traditional strength exercise

Basal blood flow and vasodilatory capacity - Flow mediated dilation (FMD) DEVICE

Images of the brachial artery will be recorded by a two-dimensional ultrasonography device with a spectral Doppler and linear transducer (Ultra-0122, Philips, The Netherlands).

Strength exercise with KAATSU; Traditional strength exercise

Quality of Life EuroQol-5 Domain DIAGNOSTIC_TEST

This questionnaire is used to estimate the quality of life in participants before and after the study.

Strength exercise with KAATSU; Traditional strength exercise

Anthropometric Assessment OTHER

Anthropometric measurements will be made before and after the training program following the standardization of the International Society for Anthropometric Assessments. The body mass will be measured with an accuracy of 0.1 kg (Filizola). The stature will be obtained by means of the stadiometer with an accuracy of 0.5 cm. The BMI will be calculated as body mass divided by height squared. The circumference of the quadriceps will be measured with a tape measure (Seca) with a precision of 0.1 cm.

Strength exercise with KAATSU; Traditional strength exercise

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 60 Years - 85 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Elderly people aged 60 to 85 years, with walking speed \<0.8m / s (Guralnik, 1994).

You may not qualify if:

• Elderly patients with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or peripheral neuropathy;
• Symptomatic peripheral obstructive arterial disease or brachial ankle index \<0.9;
• Uncontrolled arterial hypertension (BP\> 160 / 100mmHg);
• Uncontrolled dyslipidemia (total colostrum\> 220mg / dL);
• Infectious with less than 1 month;
• Osteoarticular or neurological problems that prevent training;
• History of anemia, cerebrovascular disease, myocardial infarction in the last 6 months;
• Pior deep venous thrombosis;
• Use of oral anticoagulant;
• Smoking \<6 months;
• Use of antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants;
• Cognitive dysfunctions: Mini-mental \<24. (Brucki, 2003).

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein: lead
• Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo: collaborator

Study Sites (1)

Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein 's (IIEP)

São Paulo, São Paulo, 05652-000, Brazil

Location

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Study Officials

• Luciana D Janot, Phd

  Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: PARTICIPANT
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Model Details: Group 1: Blood flow restriction + low intensity strength exercise Group 2: Low intensity strength exercise

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 11, 2017
• First Posted: September 6, 2017
• Study Start: February 4, 2018
• Primary Completion: June 4, 2020
• Study Completion: January 4, 2022
• Last Updated: February 11, 2022

Record last verified: 2020-03

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

BR (1)