Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology Study

NCT03225586 | Recruiting

• 1 other identifier: PURE
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 200,000
• Locations: 24 countries
• Sites: 33

Brief Summary

To examine the impact of health determinants at the individual (e.g. health related behaviors) and societal level (e.g. environmental factors, health related policy, quality of health systems) on health outcomes (e.g. death, non-communicable disease development) across a range of socioeconomic and health resource settings. Additional components of this study will examine genetic factors for non-communicable diseases. This will be examined both through a cross sectional component, and prospectively (cohort component).

Conditions

Cardiovascular Diseases; Risk Factor, Cardiovascular; Health Behavior; Environmental Exposure; Lung Diseases; Cancer; Injuries; Renal Disease; Communicable Disease

Keywords

Non-communicable Diseases, Risk Factors

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• incident cardiovascular disease

  cardiovascular death, stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure

  mean follow up of 10 years

Secondary Outcomes (12)

• incident cancer

  mean follow up of 10 years

• Incident COPD

  mean follow up of 10 years

• Incident Asthma

  mean follow up of 10 years

• Pneumonia

  mean follow up of 10 years

• Respiratory outcomes

  mean follow up of 10 years

Study Arms (1)

Adults

Between 35 to 70 years of age at time of enrollment

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 35 Years - 70 Years
• Gender Eligibility Details: Both Men and Women
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Adults aged 35 to 70 years from communities in low-, middle-, and high-income regions of the world representing various levels of development and encompassing great sociocultural diversity.

You may qualify if:

• consenting adults between 35-70 years of age

You may not qualify if:

• none

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Population Health Research Institute: lead
• Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR): collaborator
• Heart and Stroke Foundation of Ontario: collaborator

Study Sites (34)

Estudios Clinicos Latinoamerica ECLA

Rosario, Santa Fe Province, Argentina

RECRUITING

Independent University, Bangladesh

Dhaka, Bangladesh

RECRUITING

Dante Pazzanese Institute of Cardiology

São Paulo, Brazil

RECRUITING

Simon Fraser University

Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

RECRUITING

Population Health Research Institute

Hamilton, Ontario, L8L2X2, Canada

RECRUITING

University of Ottawa

Ottawa, Ontario, K1H8L6, Canada

RECRUITING

Université Laval Institut universitaire de cardiologie et de pneumologie de Québec

Québec, Quebec, Canada

RECRUITING

Universidad de La Frontera

Temuco, Chile

RECRUITING

State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital

Beijing, China

RECRUITING

Fundacion Oftalmologica de Santander - FOSCAL

Floridablanca, Santander Department, Colombia

RECRUITING

St John's Research Institute

Bangalore, Karnataka, India

RECRUITING

Health Action by People

Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India

RECRUITING

Eternal Heart Care Centre and Research Institute

Jaipur, Rajasthan, India

RECRUITING

Madras Diabetes Research Foundation

Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India

RECRUITING

Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER)

Chandigarh, India

RECRUITING

Isfahan University of Medical Sciences

Isfahan, Iran

RECRUITING

Research Institute of Cardiology & Internal Diseases

Almaty, Kazakhstan

RECRUITING

Kyrgyz Society of Cardiology, National Center of Cardiology and Internal Disease

Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan

RECRUITING

Universiti Teknologi MARA, UCSI Universiti

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

RECRUITING

University Kebangsaan Malaysia

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

RECRUITING

Aga Khan University

Karachi, Pakistan

RECRUITING

Birzeit University, Birzeit

Ramallah, Palestinian Territories

RECRUITING

Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia

Lima, Peru

RECRUITING

University of Philippines, Section of Adult Medicine & Medical Research Unit

Manila, Philippines

RECRUITING

Wroclaw Medical University & Department of Internal Medicine

Wroclaw, Poland

RECRUITING

Research Institute for Complex Issues of Cardiovascular Diseases

Kemerovo, Russia

RECRUITING

King Saud University

Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

RECRUITING

School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape

Bellville, South Africa

RECRUITING

North-West University

Potchefstroom, South Africa

RECRUITING

Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Östra Hospital

Gothenburg, Sweden

RECRUITING

Pamoja Tunaweza Women Center

Moshi, Tanzania

RECRUITING

Istanbul Medeniyet University

Istanbul, Turkey (Türkiye)

RECRUITING

Dubai Medical University

Dubai, United Arab Emirates

RECRUITING

University of Zimbabwe College of Health Sciences

Harare, Zimbabwe

RECRUITING

Related Publications (64)

• Dehghan M, Al Hamad N, Yusufali A, Nusrath F, Yusuf S, Merchant AT. Development of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire for use in United Arab Emirates and Kuwait based on local foods. Nutr J. 2005 May 27;4:18. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-4-18.

  PMID: 15921524 BACKGROUND

• Merchant AT, Dehghan M, Chifamba J, Terera G, Yusuf S. Nutrient estimation from an FFQ developed for a Black Zimbabwean population. Nutr J. 2005 Dec 13;4:37. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-4-37.

  PMID: 16351722 BACKGROUND

• Merchant AT, Dehghan M. Food composition database development for between country comparisons. Nutr J. 2006 Jan 19;5:2. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-5-2.

  PMID: 16423289 BACKGROUND

• Vaz M, Bharathi AV, Thomas T, Yusuf S, Kurpad AV. The repeatability of self reported physical activity patterns in rural South India. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2009;18(1):71-5.

  PMID: 19329398 BACKGROUND

• Dehghan M, del Cerro S, Zhang X, Cuneo JM, Linetzky B, Diaz R, Merchant AT. Validation of a semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire for Argentinean adults. PLoS One. 2012;7(5):e37958. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0037958. Epub 2012 May 25.

  PMID: 22662256 BACKGROUND

• Dehghan M, Martinez S, Zhang X, Seron P, Lanas F, Islam S, Merchant AT. Relative validity of an FFQ to estimate daily food and nutrient intakes for Chilean adults. Public Health Nutr. 2013 Oct;16(10):1782-8. doi: 10.1017/S1368980012004107. Epub 2012 Sep 21.

  PMID: 22995762 BACKGROUND

• Dehghan M, Lopez Jaramillo P, Duenas R, Anaya LL, Garcia RG, Zhang X, Islam S, Merchant AT. Development and validation of a quantitative food frequency questionnaire among rural- and urban-dwelling adults in Colombia. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2012 Nov-Dec;44(6):609-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2010.10.001. Epub 2011 Jul 7.

  PMID: 21737352 BACKGROUND

• Khatib R, Schwalm JD, Yusuf S, Haynes RB, McKee M, Khan M, Nieuwlaat R. Patient and healthcare provider barriers to hypertension awareness, treatment and follow up: a systematic review and meta-analysis of qualitative and quantitative studies. PLoS One. 2014 Jan 15;9(1):e84238. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0084238. eCollection 2014.

  PMID: 24454721 BACKGROUND

• Teo K, Chow CK, Vaz M, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators-Writing Group. The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study: examining the impact of societal influences on chronic noncommunicable diseases in low-, middle-, and high-income countries. Am Heart J. 2009 Jul;158(1):1-7.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2009.04.019.

  PMID: 19540385 RESULT

• Chow CK, Lock K, Teo K, Subramanian SV, McKee M, Yusuf S. Environmental and societal influences acting on cardiovascular risk factors and disease at a population level: a review. Int J Epidemiol. 2009 Dec;38(6):1580-94. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyn258. Epub 2009 Mar 4.

  PMID: 19261658 RESULT

• Bharathi AV, Kurpad AV, Thomas T, Yusuf S, Saraswathi G, Vaz M. Development of food frequency questionnaires and a nutrient database for the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) pilot study in South India: methodological issues. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(1):178-85.

  PMID: 18364343 RESULT

• Iqbal R, Ajayan K, Bharathi AV, Zhang X, Islam S, Soman CR, Merchant AT. Refinement and validation of an FFQ developed to estimate macro- and micronutrient intakes in a south Indian population. Public Health Nutr. 2009 Jan;12(1):12-8. doi: 10.1017/S1368980008001845. Epub 2008 Mar 7.

  PMID: 18325134 RESULT

• Chow CK, Lock K, Madhavan M, Corsi DJ, Gilmore AB, Subramanian SV, Li W, Swaminathan S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A, Lear SA, Dagenais G, Teo K, McKee M, Yusuf S. Environmental Profile of a Community's Health (EPOCH): an instrument to measure environmental determinants of cardiovascular health in five countries. PLoS One. 2010 Dec 10;5(12):e14294. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0014294.

  PMID: 21170320 RESULT

• Mir H, Buchanan D, Gilmore A, McKee M, Yusuf S, Chow CK. Cigarette pack labelling in 12 countries at different levels of economic development. J Public Health Policy. 2011 May;32(2):146-64. doi: 10.1057/jphp.2011.3. Epub 2011 Mar 3.

  PMID: 21368847 RESULT

• Yusuf S, Islam S, Chow CK, Rangarajan S, Dagenais G, Diaz R, Gupta R, Kelishadi R, Iqbal R, Avezum A, Kruger A, Kutty R, Lanas F, Lisheng L, Wei L, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Oguz A, Rahman O, Swidan H, Yusoff K, Zatonski W, Rosengren A, Teo KK; Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study Investigators. Use of secondary prevention drugs for cardiovascular disease in the community in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries (the PURE Study): a prospective epidemiological survey. Lancet. 2011 Oct 1;378(9798):1231-43. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61215-4. Epub 2011 Aug 26.

  PMID: 21872920 RESULT

• Gasevic D, Vukmirovich I, Yusuf S, Teo K, Chow C, Dagenais G, Lear SA. A direct assessment of "obesogenic" built environments: challenges and recommendations. J Environ Public Health. 2011;2011:161574. doi: 10.1155/2011/161574. Epub 2011 Nov 15.

  PMID: 22174727 RESULT

• Corsi DJ, Subramanian SV, McKee M, Li W, Swaminathan S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A, Lear SA, Dagenais G, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S, Chow CK. Environmental Profile of a Community's Health (EPOCH): an ecometric assessment of measures of the community environment based on individual perception. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44410. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044410. Epub 2012 Sep 4.

  PMID: 22973446 RESULT

• Dehghan M, Ilow R, Zatonska K, Szuba A, Zhang X, Mente A, Regulska-Ilow B. Development, reproducibility and validity of the food frequency questionnaire in the Poland arm of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study. J Hum Nutr Diet. 2012 Jun;25(3):225-32. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-277X.2012.01240.x. Epub 2012 Mar 6.

  PMID: 22390143 RESULT

• Teo K, Lear S, Islam S, Mony P, Dehghan M, Li W, Rosengren A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Diaz R, Oliveira G, Miskan M, Rangarajan S, Iqbal R, Ilow R, Puone T, Bahonar A, Gulec S, Darwish EA, Lanas F, Vijaykumar K, Rahman O, Chifamba J, Hou Y, Li N, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators. Prevalence of a healthy lifestyle among individuals with cardiovascular disease in high-, middle- and low-income countries: The Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. JAMA. 2013 Apr 17;309(15):1613-21. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.3519.

  PMID: 23592106 RESULT

• Chow CK, Teo KK, Rangarajan S, Islam S, Gupta R, Avezum A, Bahonar A, Chifamba J, Dagenais G, Diaz R, Kazmi K, Lanas F, Wei L, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Fanghong L, Ismail NH, Puoane T, Rosengren A, Szuba A, Temizhan A, Wielgosz A, Yusuf R, Yusufali A, McKee M, Liu L, Mony P, Yusuf S; PURE (Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology) Study investigators. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in rural and urban communities in high-, middle-, and low-income countries. JAMA. 2013 Sep 4;310(9):959-68. doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.184182.

  PMID: 24002282 RESULT

• Corsi DJ, Subramanian SV, Chow CK, McKee M, Chifamba J, Dagenais G, Diaz R, Iqbal R, Kelishadi R, Kruger A, Lanas F, Lopez-Jaramilo P, Mony P, Mohan V, Avezum A, Oguz A, Rahman MO, Rosengren A, Szuba A, Li W, Yusoff K, Yusufali A, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S. Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study: Baseline characteristics of the household sample and comparative analyses with national data in 17 countries. Am Heart J. 2013 Oct;166(4):636-646.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2013.04.019. Epub 2013 Jul 27.

  PMID: 24093842 RESULT

• Duong M, Islam S, Rangarajan S, Teo K, O'Byrne PM, Schunemann HJ, Igumbor E, Chifamba J, Liu L, Li W, Ismail T, Shankar K, Shahid M, Vijayakumar K, Yusuf R, Zatonska K, Oguz A, Rosengren A, Heidari H, Almahmeed W, Diaz R, Oliveira G, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Seron P, Killian K, Yusuf S; PURE-BREATH Study Investigators. Global differences in lung function by region (PURE): an international, community-based prospective study. Lancet Respir Med. 2013 Oct;1(8):599-609. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(13)70164-4. Epub 2013 Sep 10.

  PMID: 24461663 RESULT

• Mahajan R, Malik M, Bharathi AV, Lakshmi PV, Patro BK, Rana SK, Kumar R. Reproducibility and validity of a quantitative food frequency questionnaire in an urban and rural area of northern India. Natl Med J India. 2013 Sep-Oct;26(5):266-72.

  PMID: 25017832 RESULT

• Mente A, O'Donnell MJ, Dagenais G, Wielgosz A, Lear SA, McQueen MJ, Jiang Y, Xingyu W, Jian B, Calik KB, Akalin AA, Mony P, Devanath A, Yusufali AH, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A Jr, Yusoff K, Rosengren A, Kruger L, Orlandini A, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S. Validation and comparison of three formulae to estimate sodium and potassium excretion from a single morning fasting urine compared to 24-h measures in 11 countries. J Hypertens. 2014 May;32(5):1005-14; discussion 1015. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000122.

  PMID: 24569420 RESULT

• Lear SA, Teo K, Gasevic D, Zhang X, Poirier PP, Rangarajan S, Seron P, Kelishadi R, Tamil AM, Kruger A, Iqbal R, Swidan H, Gomez-Arbelaez D, Yusuf R, Chifamba J, Kutty VR, Karsidag K, Kumar R, Li W, Szuba A, Avezum A, Diaz R, Anand SS, Rosengren A, Yusuf S; Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. The association between ownership of common household devices and obesity and diabetes in high, middle and low income countries. CMAJ. 2014 Mar 4;186(4):258-66. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.131090. Epub 2014 Feb 10.

  PMID: 24516093 RESULT

• Mente A, O'Donnell MJ, Rangarajan S, McQueen MJ, Poirier P, Wielgosz A, Morrison H, Li W, Wang X, Di C, Mony P, Devanath A, Rosengren A, Oguz A, Zatonska K, Yusufali AH, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A, Ismail N, Lanas F, Puoane T, Diaz R, Kelishadi R, Iqbal R, Yusuf R, Chifamba J, Khatib R, Teo K, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators. Association of urinary sodium and potassium excretion with blood pressure. N Engl J Med. 2014 Aug 14;371(7):601-11. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311989.

  PMID: 25119606 RESULT

• O'Donnell M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, McQueen MJ, Wang X, Liu L, Yan H, Lee SF, Mony P, Devanath A, Rosengren A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Diaz R, Avezum A, Lanas F, Yusoff K, Iqbal R, Ilow R, Mohammadifard N, Gulec S, Yusufali AH, Kruger L, Yusuf R, Chifamba J, Kabali C, Dagenais G, Lear SA, Teo K, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators. Urinary sodium and potassium excretion, mortality, and cardiovascular events. N Engl J Med. 2014 Aug 14;371(7):612-23. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311889.

  PMID: 25119607 RESULT

• Yusuf S, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Islam S, Li W, Liu L, Bo J, Lou Q, Lu F, Liu T, Yu L, Zhang S, Mony P, Swaminathan S, Mohan V, Gupta R, Kumar R, Vijayakumar K, Lear S, Anand S, Wielgosz A, Diaz R, Avezum A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Lanas F, Yusoff K, Ismail N, Iqbal R, Rahman O, Rosengren A, Yusufali A, Kelishadi R, Kruger A, Puoane T, Szuba A, Chifamba J, Oguz A, McQueen M, McKee M, Dagenais G; PURE Investigators. Cardiovascular risk and events in 17 low-, middle-, and high-income countries. N Engl J Med. 2014 Aug 28;371(9):818-27. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311890.

  PMID: 25162888 RESULT

• Batool S, O'Donnell M, Sharma M, Islam S, Dagenais GR, Poirier P, Lear SA, Wielgosz A, Teo K, Stotts G, McCreary CR, Frayne R, DeJesus J, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S, Smith EE; PURE Study Investigators. Incidental magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging-positive lesions are rare in neurologically asymptomatic community-dwelling adults. Stroke. 2014 Jul;45(7):2115-7. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.114.005782. Epub 2014 Jun 12.

  PMID: 24923720 RESULT

• Chow CK, Corsi DJ, Lock K, Madhavan M, Mackie P, Li W, Yi S, Wang Y, Swaminathan S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Gomez-Arbelaez D, Avezum A, Lear SA, Dagenais G, Teo K, McKee M, Yusuf S. A novel method to evaluate the community built environment using photographs--Environmental Profile of a Community Health (EPOCH) photo neighbourhood evaluation tool. PLoS One. 2014 Nov 4;9(11):e110042. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110042. eCollection 2014.

  PMID: 25369366 RESULT

• Smith EE, O'Donnell M, Dagenais G, Lear SA, Wielgosz A, Sharma M, Poirier P, Stotts G, Black SE, Strother S, Noseworthy MD, Benavente O, Modi J, Goyal M, Batool S, Sanchez K, Hill V, McCreary CR, Frayne R, Islam S, DeJesus J, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators. Early cerebral small vessel disease and brain volume, cognition, and gait. Ann Neurol. 2015 Feb;77(2):251-61. doi: 10.1002/ana.24320.

  PMID: 25428654 RESULT

• Mayhew AJ, Lock K, Kelishadi R, Swaminathan S, Marcilio CS, Iqbal R, Dehghan M, Yusuf S, Chow CK. Nutrition labelling, marketing techniques, nutrition claims and health claims on chip and biscuit packages from sixteen countries. Public Health Nutr. 2016 Apr;19(6):998-1007. doi: 10.1017/S1368980015000658. Epub 2015 Mar 30.

  PMID: 25818889 RESULT

• Rosengren A, Teo K, Rangarajan S, Kabali C, Khumalo I, Kutty VR, Gupta R, Yusuf R, Iqbal R, Ismail N, Altuntas Y, Kelishadi R, Diaz R, Avezum A, Chifamba J, Zatonska K, Wei L, Liao X, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Yusufali A, Seron P, Lear SA, Yusuf S. Psychosocial factors and obesity in 17 high-, middle- and low-income countries: the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiologic study. Int J Obes (Lond). 2015 Aug;39(8):1217-23. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2015.48. Epub 2015 Apr 14.

  PMID: 25869608 RESULT

• Leong DP, Teo KK, Rangarajan S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A Jr, Orlandini A, Seron P, Ahmed SH, Rosengren A, Kelishadi R, Rahman O, Swaminathan S, Iqbal R, Gupta R, Lear SA, Oguz A, Yusoff K, Zatonska K, Chifamba J, Igumbor E, Mohan V, Anjana RM, Gu H, Li W, Yusuf S; Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) Study investigators. Prognostic value of grip strength: findings from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Lancet. 2015 Jul 18;386(9990):266-73. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)62000-6. Epub 2015 May 13.

  PMID: 25982160 RESULT

• Gupta R, Islam S, Mony P, Kutty VR, Mohan V, Kumar R, Thakur JS, Shankar VK, Mohan D, Vijayakumar K, Rahman O, Yusuf R, Iqbal R, Shahid M, Mohan I, Rangarajan S, Teo KK, Yusuf S. Socioeconomic factors and use of secondary preventive therapies for cardiovascular diseases in South Asia: The PURE study. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2015 Oct;22(10):1261-71. doi: 10.1177/2047487314540386. Epub 2014 Jun 18.

  PMID: 24942224 RESULT

• Smyth A, Teo KK, Rangarajan S, O'Donnell M, Zhang X, Rana P, Leong DP, Dagenais G, Seron P, Rosengren A, Schutte AE, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Oguz A, Chifamba J, Diaz R, Lear S, Avezum A, Kumar R, Mohan V, Szuba A, Wei L, Yang W, Jian B, McKee M, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators. Alcohol consumption and cardiovascular disease, cancer, injury, admission to hospital, and mortality: a prospective cohort study. Lancet. 2015 Nov 14;386(10007):1945-1954. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00235-4. Epub 2015 Sep 17.

  PMID: 26386538 RESULT

• Savell E, Gilmore AB, Sims M, Mony PK, Koon T, Yusoff K, Lear SA, Seron P, Ismail N, Calik KB, Rosengren A, Bahonar A, Kumar R, Vijayakumar K, Kruger A, Swidan H, Gupta R, Igumbor E, Afridi A, Rahman O, Chifamba J, Zatonska K, Mohan V, Mohan D, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Avezum A, Poirier P, Orlandini A, Li W, McKee M, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S, Chow CK. The environmental profile of a community's health: a cross-sectional study on tobacco marketing in 16 countries. Bull World Health Organ. 2015 Dec 1;93(12):851-61G. doi: 10.2471/BLT.15.155846.

  PMID: 26668437 RESULT

• Lamelas PM, Mente A, Diaz R, Orlandini A, Avezum A, Oliveira G, Lanas F, Seron P, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Camacho-Lopez P, O Donnell MJ, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S. Association of Urinary Sodium Excretion With Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Clinical Events in 17,033 Latin Americans. Am J Hypertens. 2016 Jul;29(7):796-805. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpv195. Epub 2015 Dec 18.

  PMID: 26683344 RESULT

• Khatib R, McKee M, Shannon H, Chow C, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Wei L, Mony P, Mohan V, Gupta R, Kumar R, Vijayakumar K, Lear SA, Diaz R, Avezum A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Lanas F, Yusoff K, Ismail N, Kazmi K, Rahman O, Rosengren A, Monsef N, Kelishadi R, Kruger A, Puoane T, Szuba A, Chifamba J, Temizhan A, Dagenais G, Gafni A, Yusuf S; PURE study investigators. Availability and affordability of cardiovascular disease medicines and their effect on use in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: an analysis of the PURE study data. Lancet. 2016 Jan 2;387(10013):61-9. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)00469-9. Epub 2015 Oct 20.

  PMID: 26498706 RESULT

• Mente A, Dagenais G, Wielgosz A, Lear SA, McQueen MJ, Zeidler J, Fu L, DeJesus J, Rangarajan S, Bourlaud AS, De Bluts AL, Corber E, de Jong V, Boomgaardt J, Shane A, Jiang Y, de Groh M, O'Donnell MJ, Yusuf S, Teo K. Assessment of Dietary Sodium and Potassium in Canadians Using 24-Hour Urinary Collection. Can J Cardiol. 2016 Mar;32(3):319-26. doi: 10.1016/j.cjca.2015.06.020. Epub 2015 Jun 25.

  PMID: 26454468 RESULT

• Li W, Gu H, Teo KK, Bo J, Wang Y, Yang J, Wang X, Zhang H, Sun Y, Jia X, He X, Zhao X, Cheng X, Li J, Rangarajan S, Chen C, Yusuf S, Liu L; PURE China Investigators. Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control in 115 rural and urban communities involving 47 000 people from China. J Hypertens. 2016 Jan;34(1):39-46. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000745.

  PMID: 26630211 RESULT

• Raina P, Sohel N, Oremus M, Shannon H, Mony P, Kumar R, Li W, Wang Y, Wang X, Yusoff K, Yusuf R, Iqbal R, Szuba A, Oguz A, Rosengren A, Kruger A, Chifamba J, Mohammadifard N, Darwish EA, Dagenais G, Diaz R, Avezum A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Seron P, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators. Assessing global risk factors for non-fatal injuries from road traffic accidents and falls in adults aged 35-70 years in 17 countries: a cross-sectional analysis of the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study. Inj Prev. 2016 Apr;22(2):92-8. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2014-041476. Epub 2015 Oct 28.

  PMID: 26512093 RESULT

• Leong DP, Teo KK, Rangarajan S, Kutty VR, Lanas F, Hui C, Quanyong X, Zhenzhen Q, Jinhua T, Noorhassim I, AlHabib KF, Moss SJ, Rosengren A, Akalin AA, Rahman O, Chifamba J, Orlandini A, Kumar R, Yeates K, Gupta R, Yusufali A, Dans A, Avezum A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Poirier P, Heidari H, Zatonska K, Iqbal R, Khatib R, Yusuf S. Reference ranges of handgrip strength from 125,462 healthy adults in 21 countries: a prospective urban rural epidemiologic (PURE) study. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle. 2016 Dec;7(5):535-546. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12112. Epub 2016 Apr 12.

  PMID: 27104109 RESULT

• Dagenais GR, Gerstein HC, Zhang X, McQueen M, Lear S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Mohan V, Mony P, Gupta R, Kutty VR, Kumar R, Rahman O, Yusoff K, Zatonska K, Oguz A, Rosengren A, Kelishadi R, Yusufali A, Diaz R, Avezum A, Lanas F, Kruger A, Peer N, Chifamba J, Iqbal R, Ismail N, Xiulin B, Jiankang L, Wenqing D, Gejie Y, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S. Variations in Diabetes Prevalence in Low-, Middle-, and High-Income Countries: Results From the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological Study. Diabetes Care. 2016 May;39(5):780-7. doi: 10.2337/dc15-2338. Epub 2016 Mar 10.

  PMID: 26965719 RESULT

• Mente A, O'Donnell M, Rangarajan S, Dagenais G, Lear S, McQueen M, Diaz R, Avezum A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Lanas F, Li W, Lu Y, Yi S, Rensheng L, Iqbal R, Mony P, Yusuf R, Yusoff K, Szuba A, Oguz A, Rosengren A, Bahonar A, Yusufali A, Schutte AE, Chifamba J, Mann JF, Anand SS, Teo K, Yusuf S; PURE, EPIDREAM and ONTARGET/TRANSCEND Investigators. Associations of urinary sodium excretion with cardiovascular events in individuals with and without hypertension: a pooled analysis of data from four studies. Lancet. 2016 Jul 30;388(10043):465-75. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30467-6. Epub 2016 May 20.

  PMID: 27216139 RESULT

• Miller V, Yusuf S, Chow CK, Dehghan M, Corsi DJ, Lock K, Popkin B, Rangarajan S, Khatib R, Lear SA, Mony P, Kaur M, Mohan V, Vijayakumar K, Gupta R, Kruger A, Tsolekile L, Mohammadifard N, Rahman O, Rosengren A, Avezum A, Orlandini A, Ismail N, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Yusufali A, Karsidag K, Iqbal R, Chifamba J, Oakley SM, Ariffin F, Zatonska K, Poirier P, Wei L, Jian B, Hui C, Xu L, Xiulin B, Teo K, Mente A. Availability, affordability, and consumption of fruits and vegetables in 18 countries across income levels: findings from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study. Lancet Glob Health. 2016 Oct;4(10):e695-703. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(16)30186-3. Epub 2016 Aug 23.

  PMID: 27567348 RESULT

• Camacho PA, Gomez-Arbelaez D, Molina DI, Sanchez G, Arcos E, Narvaez C, Garcia H, Perez M, Hernandez EA, Duran M, Cure C, Sotomayor A, Rico A, David TM, Cohen DD, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S, Lopez-Jaramillo P. Social disparities explain differences in hypertension prevalence, detection and control in Colombia. J Hypertens. 2016 Dec;34(12):2344-2352. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001115.

  PMID: 27662189 RESULT

• Avezum A, Oliveira GBF, Lanas F, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Diaz R, Miranda JJ, Seron P, Camacho-Lopez PA, Orlandini A, Bernabe-Ortiz A, Cordeiro Mattos A, Islam S, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Yusuf S. Secondary CV Prevention in South America in a Community Setting: The PURE Study. Glob Heart. 2017 Dec;12(4):305-313. doi: 10.1016/j.gheart.2016.06.001. Epub 2016 Oct 20.

  PMID: 27773540 RESULT

• Palafox B, McKee M, Balabanova D, AlHabib KF, Avezum AJ, Bahonar A, Ismail N, Chifamba J, Chow CK, Corsi DJ, Dagenais GR, Diaz R, Gupta R, Iqbal R, Kaur M, Khatib R, Kruger A, Kruger IM, Lanas F, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Minfan F, Mohan V, Mony PK, Oguz A, Palileo-Villanueva LM, Perel P, Poirier P, Rangarajan S, Rensheng L, Rosengren A, Soman B, Stuckler D, Subramanian SV, Teo K, Tsolekile LP, Wielgosz A, Yaguang P, Yeates K, Yongzhen M, Yusoff K, Yusuf R, Yusufali A, Zatonska K, Yusuf S. Wealth and cardiovascular health: a cross-sectional study of wealth-related inequalities in the awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in high-, middle- and low-income countries. Int J Equity Health. 2016 Dec 8;15(1):199. doi: 10.1186/s12939-016-0478-6.

  PMID: 27931255 RESULT

• Duong M, Rangarajan S, Zhang X, Killian K, Mony P, Swaminathan S, Bharathi AV, Nair S, Vijayakumar K, Mohan I, Gupta R, Mohan D, Rani S, Mohan V, Iqbal R, Kazmi K, Rahman O, Yusuf R, Pinnaka LV, Kumar R, O'Byrne P, Yusuf S. Effects of bidi smoking on all-cause mortality and cardiorespiratory outcomes in men from south Asia: an observational community-based substudy of the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology Study (PURE). Lancet Glob Health. 2017 Feb;5(2):e168-e176. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(17)30004-9.

  PMID: 28104186 RESULT

• Gupta R, Kaur M, Islam S, Mohan V, Mony P, Kumar R, Kutty VR, Iqbal R, Rahman O, Deepa M, Antony J, Vijaykumar K, Kazmi K, Yusuf R, Mohan I, Panwar RB, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S. Association of Household Wealth Index, Educational Status, and Social Capital with Hypertension Awareness, Treatment, and Control in South Asia. Am J Hypertens. 2017 Apr 1;30(4):373-381. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpw169.

  PMID: 28096145 RESULT

• Leong DP, McKee M, Yusuf S; PURE Investigators. Population Muscle Strength Predicts Olympic Medal Tallies: Evidence from 20 Countries in the PURE Prospective Cohort Study. PLoS One. 2017 Jan 20;12(1):e0169821. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169821. eCollection 2017.

  PMID: 28107362 RESULT

• Khatib R, Giacaman R, Khammash U, Yusuf S. Challenges to conducting epidemiology research in chronic conflict areas: examples from PURE- Palestine. Confl Health. 2017 Feb 22;10:33. doi: 10.1186/s13031-016-0101-x. eCollection 2016.

  PMID: 28239410 RESULT

• Chow CK, Corsi DJ, Gilmore AB, Kruger A, Igumbor E, Chifamba J, Yang W, Wei L, Iqbal R, Mony P, Gupta R, Vijayakumar K, Mohan V, Kumar R, Rahman O, Yusoff K, Ismail N, Zatonska K, Altuntas Y, Rosengren A, Bahonar A, Yusufali A, Dagenais G, Lear S, Diaz R, Avezum A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Lanas F, Rangarajan S, Teo K, McKee M, Yusuf S. Tobacco control environment: cross-sectional survey of policy implementation, social unacceptability, knowledge of tobacco health harms and relationship to quit ratio in 17 low-income, middle-income and high-income countries. BMJ Open. 2017 Mar 31;7(3):e013817. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-013817.

  PMID: 28363924 RESULT

• Yusufali AM, Khatib R, Islam S, Alhabib KF, Bahonar A, Swidan HM, Khammash U, Alshamiri MQ, Rangarajan S, Yusuf S. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in four Middle East countries. J Hypertens. 2017 Jul;35(7):1457-1464. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000001326.

  PMID: 28486270 RESULT

• Chen R, Liu Y, Yang S, Lin Z, Yu G, Wang W, Wei D, Li W, Wang H, Zhang M, Zhang P, Zhang Y, Zhou F, Ding R. The prevalence, recognition, and treatment of depression and anxiety symptoms among Chinese cardiovascular outpatients. Sci Rep. 2025 Oct 21;15(1):36798. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-20683-6.

  PMID: 41120526 DERIVED

• Narula N, Wong ECL, Mente A, Rangarajan S, Lang X, Li Q, Chen M, Mohan I, Mat-Nasir N, Diaz ML, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Bahonar A, Avezum A, Karsidag K, Rosengren A, Abat MEM, Lanas F, Swart EC, Yusuf R, Alhabib KF, Iqbal R, Basiak-Rasala A, Khatib R, Yusufali A, Yeates K, Chifamba J, Marshall JK, Moayyedi P, Reinisch W, Yusuf S. Ultraprocessed Grains and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results From the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology Study. Am J Gastroenterol. 2025 Aug 4. doi: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000003700. Online ahead of print.

  PMID: 40758217 DERIVED

• Joundi RA, Hu B, Rangarajan S, Leong DP, Islam S, Smith EE, Mirrakhimov E, Seron P, Alhabib KF, Assembekov B, Chifamba J, Yusuf R, Khatib R, Felix C, Yusufali A, Mohammadifard N, Rosengren A, Oguz A, Iqbal R, Yeates K, Avezum A, Kruger I, Anjana R, Pvm L, Gupta R, Zatonska K, Barbarash O, Pelliza E, Rammohan K, Li M, Li X, Ismail R, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Evans M, O'Donnell M, Yusuf S. Activity limitations, use of assistive devices, and mortality and clinical events in 25 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: an analysis of the PURE study. Lancet. 2024 Aug 10;404(10452):554-569. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)01050-X. Epub 2024 Jul 25.

  PMID: 39068950 DERIVED

• Walli-Attaei M, Rosengren A, Rangarajan S, Breet Y, Abdul-Razak S, Sharief WA, Alhabib KF, Avezum A, Chifamba J, Diaz R, Gupta R, Hu B, Iqbal R, Ismail R, Kelishadi R, Khatib R, Lang X, Li S, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Mohan V, Oguz A, Palileo-Villanueva LM, Poltyn-Zaradna K, R SP, Pinnaka LVM, Seron P, Teo K, Verghese ST, Wielgosz A, Yeates K, Yusuf R, Anand SS, Yusuf S; PURE investigators. Metabolic, behavioural, and psychosocial risk factors and cardiovascular disease in women compared with men in 21 high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: an analysis of the PURE study. Lancet. 2022 Sep 10;400(10355):811-821. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01441-6.

  PMID: 36088949 DERIVED

• Narula N, Wong ECL, Dehghan M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, Lanas F, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Rohatgi P, Lakshmi PVM, Varma RP, Orlandini A, Avezum A, Wielgosz A, Poirier P, Almadi MA, Altuntas Y, Ng KK, Chifamba J, Yeates K, Puoane T, Khatib R, Yusuf R, Bostrom KB, Zatonska K, Iqbal R, Weida L, Yibing Z, Sidong L, Dans A, Yusufali A, Mohammadifard N, Marshall JK, Moayyedi P, Reinisch W, Yusuf S. Association of ultra-processed food intake with risk of inflammatory bowel disease: prospective cohort study. BMJ. 2021 Jul 14;374:n1554. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n1554.

  PMID: 34261638 DERIVED

• Pertiwi K, Kupers LK, Geleijnse JM, Zock PL, Wanders AJ, Kruger HS, van Zyl T, Kruger IM, Smuts CM. Associations of linoleic acid with markers of glucose metabolism and liver function in South African adults. Lipids Health Dis. 2020 Jun 16;19(1):138. doi: 10.1186/s12944-020-01318-3.

  PMID: 32546275 DERIVED

• Dehghan M, Mente A, Rangarajan S, Mohan V, Lear S, Swaminathan S, Wielgosz A, Seron P, Avezum A, Lopez-Jaramillo P, Turbide G, Chifamba J, AlHabib KF, Mohammadifard N, Szuba A, Khatib R, Altuntas Y, Liu X, Iqbal R, Rosengren A, Yusuf R, Smuts M, Yusufali A, Li N, Diaz R, Yusoff K, Kaur M, Soman B, Ismail N, Gupta R, Dans A, Sheridan P, Teo K, Anand SS, Yusuf S. Association of egg intake with blood lipids, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in 177,000 people in 50 countries. Am J Clin Nutr. 2020 Apr 1;111(4):795-803. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz348.

  PMID: 31965140 DERIVED

• Wentzel-Viljoen E, Laubscher R, Vorster HH. Changes in food intake from 2005 to 2010 by a cohort of black rural and urban African men and women in the North West Province of South Africa: the PURE-NWP-SA study. Public Health Nutr. 2018 Nov;21(16):2941-2958. doi: 10.1017/S1368980018001878. Epub 2018 Aug 28.

  PMID: 30149823 DERIVED

• Wentzel-Viljoen E, Lee S, Laubscher R, Vorster HH. Accelerated nutrition transition in the North West Province of South Africa: results from the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiology (PURE-NWP-SA) cohort study, 2005 to 2010. Public Health Nutr. 2018 Oct;21(14):2630-2641. doi: 10.1017/S1368980018001118. Epub 2018 May 8.

  PMID: 29734966 DERIVED

Related Links

• Study Webpage

Biospecimen

Retention: SAMPLES WITH DNA

Whole blood, Serum, Plasma, Urine

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Cardiovascular Diseases; Health Behavior; Lung Diseases; Neoplasms; Wounds and Injuries; Kidney Diseases; Communicable Diseases; Noncommunicable Diseases

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Behavior; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Urologic Diseases; Female Urogenital Diseases; Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications; Urogenital Diseases; Male Urogenital Diseases; Infections; Disease Attributes; Pathologic Processes; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Study Officials

• Salim Yusuf, DPhil

  Executive Director

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Central Study Contacts

Sumathy Rangarajan, MSc

CONTACT

905-521-2100; sumathy.rangarajan@phri.ca

Janette Panhuis, BScN, MBA

CONTACT

905-521-2100; janette.panhuis@phri.ca

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: PROSPECTIVE
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Executive Director, Population Health Research Institute

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 19, 2017
• First Posted: July 21, 2017
• Study Start: January 1, 2002
• Primary Completion (Estimated): December 31, 2030
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 31, 2030
• Last Updated: January 31, 2024

Record last verified: 2024-01

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will share
• Shared Documents: STUDY PROTOCOL, CSR
• Time Frame: complete recruitment and a minimum of 10 years follow up in all
• Access Criteria: The study exec will consider specific requests for data analyses by non-contributing individuals 3 years after the study has been completed (i.e. complete recruitment and a minimum of 10 years follow up in all) and the participating investigators have had an opportunity to explore questions that they are interested in.

Locations

PE (1); AR (1); TU (1); CA (4); RU (1); PH (1); ZI (1); CO (1); CL (1); ZA (2); SA (1); SE (1); KY (1); IN (5); AE (1); MY (2); PL (1); TA (1); PA (1); BR (1); CN (1); BA (1); KA (1); IR (1)