Mobile and Scalable Innovations for Measles Immunization: a Randomized Controlled Trial

NCT02904642 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: KEMRI SERU-3311
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 537
• Locations: 0 countries
• Sites: N/A

Brief Summary

The overall objective is to test the impact of short message service (SMS) reminders, with or without unconditionally provided mobile-money incentives, can improve measles vaccination coverage in rural western Kenyan infants.

Conditions

Measles

Keywords

SMS reminder; incentive; mobile phone; Immunization

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Measles vaccination coverage

  Proportion of children receiving measles vaccination by 10 months of age by study arm

  10 months

Secondary Outcomes (4)

• Time to measles vaccination (in days) using Kaplan-Meier Survival Analysis

  12 months

• Proportion of children who receive measles vaccination stratified by demographic variables

  10 months

• Measles vaccination coverage at 12 months

  12 months

• Vaccination coverage for second dose of measles vaccine at 24 months.

  24 months

Study Arms (3)

Control

NO INTERVENTION

All enrolled caregivers will receive a congratulatory text message at enrollment which indicates who is conducting the study and which also includes a general-health related saying, "The greatest wealth is health". No additional text messages or travel subsidies will be sent to caregivers randomized to the control arm.

SMS reminder

EXPERIMENTAL

At enrollment, participants will be told to expect 2 SMS reminders for measles vaccine; first, at 3 days before and second, on the day before the scheduled measles vaccine at 9 months of age. At most, enrolled caregivers will receive three text messages (two for the measles vaccine and one for welcoming mother to the study). Text messages will be sent in English, Kiswahili or Dholuo language, according to the mother's preference. These reminders will have information about the child's scheduled immunization date.

Behavioral: SMS reminder

SMS reminder + Unconditional Incentive

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants will receive SMS reminders as described in the SMS reminder arm. Additionally, participants will be sent a 150 Kenyan Shillings (KES) incentive to the mobile phone number they provided at enrollment. The incentive will be delivered three days before the child turns nine months (i.e. sent on the same day as the first SMS reminder). Caregivers will receive the mobile-money incentive unconditionally. The intent of the incentive is to help offset the costs associated with transportation to the clinic. The transaction costs associated with mobile-money transactions will be borne by the study such that mothers will receive the full 150 KES.

Behavioral: SMS reminder; Behavioral: Unconditional Incentive

Interventions

SMS reminder BEHAVIORAL

Caregivers will receive two text message reminders for their child's measles immunization scheduled for 9 months of age

SMS reminder; SMS reminder + Unconditional Incentive

Unconditional Incentive BEHAVIORAL

A mobile-money incentive in the amount of 150 Kenyan Shillings will be transferred to the enrolled caregiver's mobile phone when the child reaches nine months of age

SMS reminder + Unconditional Incentive

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Caregiver of infant aged 6-8 months at time of enrollment
• Self-reported resident of one of the study villages; where the definition of a resident is defined by caregiver
• Willing to sign informed consent for the study

You may not qualify if:

• Child of enrolled caregiver has already received one dose of measles vaccine, not including any supplemental measles vaccines
• Caregiver plans to move away in the next 6 months

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health: lead
• Kenya Medical Research Institute: collaborator
• Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation: collaborator

Related Publications (3)

• Kagucia EW, Ochieng B, Were J, Hayford K, Obor D, O'Brien KL, Gibson DG. Impact of mobile phone delivered reminders and unconditional incentives on measles-containing vaccine timeliness and coverage: a randomised controlled trial in western Kenya. BMJ Glob Health. 2021 Jan;6(1):e003357. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003357.

  PMID: 33509838 DERIVED

• Palmer MJ, Henschke N, Bergman H, Villanueva G, Maayan N, Tamrat T, Mehl GL, Glenton C, Lewin S, Fonhus MS, Free C. Targeted client communication via mobile devices for improving maternal, neonatal, and child health. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020 Jul 14;8(8):CD013679. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013679.

  PMID: 32813276 DERIVED

• Gibson DG, Kagucia EW, Were J, Obor D, Hayford K, Ochieng B. Text Message Reminders and Unconditional Monetary Incentives to Improve Measles Vaccination in Western Kenya: Study Protocol for the Mobile and Scalable Innovations for Measles Immunization Randomized Controlled Trial. JMIR Res Protoc. 2019 Jul 9;8(7):e13221. doi: 10.2196/13221.

  PMID: 31290405 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Measles

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Morbillivirus Infections; Paramyxoviridae Infections; Mononegavirales Infections; RNA Virus Infections; Virus Diseases; Infections

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: INVESTIGATOR
• Purpose: HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Scientist

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: September 8, 2016
• First Posted: September 19, 2016
• Study Start: December 6, 2016
• Primary Completion: April 4, 2017
• Study Completion: April 4, 2017
• Last Updated: March 1, 2018

Record last verified: 2018-02

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share