Dexmedetomidine vs Midazolam for Intraoperative Sedation

NCT02878837 | Completed Phase 4

• 1 other identifier: IAMSPE
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 120
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This randomized, open clinical trial sought to compare the use of Midazolam and Dexmedetomidine during surgery in patients under regional anesthesia. The primary objective was to determine the superiority of either drug during the intraoperative period regarding: 1- Depth of sedation and 2- incidence of complications. Secondary objectives included the determination of superiority regarding the postoperative period. For that, patients were randomized into two groups and sedated with either Midazolam or Dexmedetomidine.

Conditions

Failed Moderate Sedation During Procedure; Minimally Conscious State

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

• Depth of Sedation

  Number of breakthrough doses necessary to achieve RASS score between -3 and -1

  Intraoperative

• Respiratory depression

  Use of supplemental oxygen flow greater than 2L/min or endotracheal intubation for mechanical ventilation

  Intraoperative

• Bradycardia

  Heart Rate \< 50 heartbeats per minute

  Intraoperative

• Hypotension

  Mean Arterial Pressure \< 55mmHg

  Intraoperative

Secondary Outcomes (6)

• Residual Sedation

  Up to 2 hours after surgery

• Shivering

  Up to 2 hours after end of surgery

• Pain

  2 days

• Quality of Sleep

  2 days

• Delirium

  2 days

Study Arms (2)

DEX

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Patients undergoing surgical procedures under regional anesthesia sedated with a loading dose of 1 µg/Kg of Dexmedetomidine over 10 minutes followed by continuous infusion at 0.2 to 0.8 µg/Kg/h, along with 0.5µg/Kg bolus breakthrough doses of Fentanyl as necessary to achieve a RASS score between -3 and -1.

Drug: Dexmedetomidine

MDZ

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Patients undergoing surgical procedures under regional anesthesia sedated with a 0.05mg/Kg bolus dose of Midazolam, along with 0.02 mg/Kg bolus doses of Midazolam plus 0.5µg/Kg bolus doses of Fentanyl as necessary to achieve a RASS score between -3 and -1

Drug: Midazolam

Interventions

Dexmedetomidine DRUG

DEX

Midazolam DRUG

MDZ

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years+
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• Undergoing surgery under regional anesthesia

You may not qualify if:

• The presence of any Bradyarrhythmia;
• New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classes III and IV Heart Failure and/or Left Ventricle Ejection Fraction under 30%;
• Respiratory Failure, Glasgow Coma Scale score 8 or under, and Liver Failure - due to the increased risk of sedation in patients with these conditions (d) refusal to participate in the study or withdrawal of consent at any moment.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Instituto de Assistencia Medica ao Servidor Publico Estadual, Sao Paulo: lead

Study Sites (1)

Hospital do Servidor Publico Estadual

São Paulo, Sao Paulo SP, 04039-901, Brazil

Location

Related Publications (27)

• Ostermann ME, Keenan SP, Seiferling RA, Sibbald WJ. Sedation in the intensive care unit: a systematic review. JAMA. 2000 Mar 15;283(11):1451-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.283.11.1451.

  PMID: 10732935 BACKGROUND

• Bailey PL, Pace NL, Ashburn MA, Moll JW, East KA, Stanley TH. Frequent hypoxemia and apnea after sedation with midazolam and fentanyl. Anesthesiology. 1990 Nov;73(5):826-30. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199011000-00005.

  PMID: 2122773 BACKGROUND

• American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Sedation and Analgesia by Non-Anesthesiologists. Practice guidelines for sedation and analgesia by non-anesthesiologists. Anesthesiology. 2002 Apr;96(4):1004-17. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200204000-00031. No abstract available.

  PMID: 11964611 BACKGROUND

• Candiotti KA, Bergese SD, Bokesch PM, Feldman MA, Wisemandle W, Bekker AY; MAC Study Group. Monitored anesthesia care with dexmedetomidine: a prospective, randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial. Anesth Analg. 2010 Jan 1;110(1):47-56. doi: 10.1213/ane.0b013e3181ae0856. Epub 2009 Aug 27.

  PMID: 19713256 BACKGROUND

• Hall JE, Uhrich TD, Barney JA, Arain SR, Ebert TJ. Sedative, amnestic, and analgesic properties of small-dose dexmedetomidine infusions. Anesth Analg. 2000 Mar;90(3):699-705. doi: 10.1097/00000539-200003000-00035.

  PMID: 10702460 BACKGROUND

• Ebert TJ, Hall JE, Barney JA, Uhrich TD, Colinco MD. The effects of increasing plasma concentrations of dexmedetomidine in humans. Anesthesiology. 2000 Aug;93(2):382-94. doi: 10.1097/00000542-200008000-00016.

  PMID: 10910487 BACKGROUND

• Venn RM, Hell J, Grounds RM. Respiratory effects of dexmedetomidine in the surgical patient requiring intensive care. Crit Care. 2000;4(5):302-8. doi: 10.1186/cc712. Epub 2000 Jul 31.

  PMID: 11056756 BACKGROUND

• Arain SR, Ebert TJ. The efficacy, side effects, and recovery characteristics of dexmedetomidine versus propofol when used for intraoperative sedation. Anesth Analg. 2002 Aug;95(2):461-6, table of contents. doi: 10.1097/00000539-200208000-00042.

  PMID: 12145072 BACKGROUND

• Venn RM, Grounds RM. Comparison between dexmedetomidine and propofol for sedation in the intensive care unit: patient and clinician perceptions. Br J Anaesth. 2001 Nov;87(5):684-90. doi: 10.1093/bja/87.5.684.

  PMID: 11878517 BACKGROUND

• Elbaradie S, El Mahalawy FH, Solyman AH. Dexmedetomidine vs. propofol for short-term sedation of postoperative mechanically ventilated patients. J Egypt Natl Canc Inst. 2004 Sep;16(3):153-8.

  PMID: 15959548 BACKGROUND

• Abdalla MI, Al Mansouri F, Bener A. Dexmedetomidine during local anesthesia. J Anesth. 2006;20(1):54-6. doi: 10.1007/s00540-005-0351-z.

  PMID: 16421680 BACKGROUND

• Taghinia AH, Shapiro FE, Slavin SA. Dexmedetomidine in aesthetic facial surgery: improving anesthetic safety and efficacy. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008 Jan;121(1):269-276. doi: 10.1097/01.prs.0000293867.05857.90.

  PMID: 18176230 BACKGROUND

• Usta B, Gozdemir M, Demircioglu RI, Muslu B, Sert H, Yaldiz A. Dexmedetomidine for the prevention of shivering during spinal anesthesia. Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2011;66(7):1187-91. doi: 10.1590/s1807-59322011000700011.

  PMID: 21876972 BACKGROUND

• Bajwa SJ, Gupta S, Kaur J, Singh A, Parmar S. Reduction in the incidence of shivering with perioperative dexmedetomidine: A randomized prospective study. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2012 Jan;28(1):86-91. doi: 10.4103/0970-9185.92452.

  PMID: 22345953 BACKGROUND

• Belleville JP, Ward DS, Bloor BC, Maze M. Effects of intravenous dexmedetomidine in humans. I. Sedation, ventilation, and metabolic rate. Anesthesiology. 1992 Dec;77(6):1125-33. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199212000-00013.

  PMID: 1361310 BACKGROUND

• Takrouri MS, Seraj MA, Channa AB, el-Dawlatly AA, Thallage A, Riad W, Khalaf M. Dexmedetomidine in intensive care unit: a study of hemodynamic changes. Middle East J Anaesthesiol. 2002 Oct;16(6):587-95.

  PMID: 12503262 BACKGROUND

• Gertler R, Brown HC, Mitchell DH, Silvius EN. Dexmedetomidine: a novel sedative-analgesic agent. Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent). 2001 Jan;14(1):13-21. doi: 10.1080/08998280.2001.11927725.

  PMID: 16369581 RESULT

• Gerlach AT, Murphy CV. Dexmedetomidine-associated bradycardia progressing to pulseless electrical activity: case report and review of the literature. Pharmacotherapy. 2009 Dec;29(12):1492. doi: 10.1592/phco.29.12.1492.

  PMID: 19947809 RESULT

• Riker RR, Shehabi Y, Bokesch PM, Ceraso D, Wisemandle W, Koura F, Whitten P, Margolis BD, Byrne DW, Ely EW, Rocha MG; SEDCOM (Safety and Efficacy of Dexmedetomidine Compared With Midazolam) Study Group. Dexmedetomidine vs midazolam for sedation of critically ill patients: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2009 Feb 4;301(5):489-99. doi: 10.1001/jama.2009.56. Epub 2009 Feb 2.

  PMID: 19188334 RESULT

• Tan JA, Ho KM. Use of dexmedetomidine as a sedative and analgesic agent in critically ill adult patients: a meta-analysis. Intensive Care Med. 2010 Jun;36(6):926-39. doi: 10.1007/s00134-010-1877-6. Epub 2010 Apr 8.

  PMID: 20376429 RESULT

• Chrysostomou C, Schmitt CG. Dexmedetomidine: sedation, analgesia and beyond. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2008 May;4(5):619-27. doi: 10.1517/17425255.4.5.619.

  PMID: 18484919 RESULT

• Grosu I, Lavand'homme P. Use of dexmedetomidine for pain control. F1000 Med Rep. 2010 Dec 17;2:90. doi: 10.3410/M2-90.

  PMID: 21283652 RESULT

• Kettner SC, Willschke H, Marhofer P. Does regional anaesthesia really improve outcome? Br J Anaesth. 2011 Dec;107 Suppl 1:i90-5. doi: 10.1093/bja/aer340.

  PMID: 22156274 RESULT

• Shir Y, Raja SN, Frank SM. The effect of epidural versus general anesthesia on postoperative pain and analgesic requirements in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy. Anesthesiology. 1994 Jan;80(1):49-56. doi: 10.1097/00000542-199401000-00011.

  PMID: 8291729 RESULT

• Huupponen E, Maksimow A, Lapinlampi P, Sarkela M, Saastamoinen A, Snapir A, Scheinin H, Scheinin M, Merilainen P, Himanen SL, Jaaskelainen S. Electroencephalogram spindle activity during dexmedetomidine sedation and physiological sleep. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2008 Feb;52(2):289-94. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-6576.2007.01537.x. Epub 2007 Nov 14.

  PMID: 18005372 RESULT

• Alexopoulou C, Kondili E, Diamantaki E, Psarologakis C, Kokkini S, Bolaki M, Georgopoulos D. Effects of dexmedetomidine on sleep quality in critically ill patients: a pilot study. Anesthesiology. 2014 Oct;121(4):801-7. doi: 10.1097/ALN.0000000000000361.

  PMID: 24988068 RESULT

• Silva-Jr JM, Katayama HT, Nogueira FAM, Moura TB, Alves TL, de Oliveira BW. Comparison of dexmedetomidine and benzodiazepine for intraoperative sedation in elderly patients: a randomized clinical trial. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2019 Mar;44(3):319-324. doi: 10.1136/rapm-2018-100120. Epub 2019 Feb 3.

  PMID: 30777901 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Persistent Vegetative State

Interventions

Dexmedetomidine; Midazolam

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Brain Damage, Chronic; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Unconsciousness; Consciousness Disorders; Neurobehavioral Manifestations; Neurologic Manifestations; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Imidazoles; Azoles; Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring; Heterocyclic Compounds; Benzodiazepines; Benzazepines; Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring; Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: phase 4
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Director, Department of Anesthesiology

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 10, 2016
• First Posted: August 25, 2016
• Study Start: January 1, 2016
• Primary Completion: April 1, 2017
• Study Completion: May 1, 2017
• Last Updated: August 22, 2017

Record last verified: 2017-08

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share

Locations

BR (1)