Efficacy and Safety of Oral Semaglutide Versus Empagliflozin in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
PIONEER 2
3 other identifiers
interventional
822
12 countries
106
Brief Summary
This trial is conducted globally. The aim of this trial is to investigate Efficacy and Safety of Oral Semaglutide versus Empagliflozin in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Trial Health
Trial Health Score
Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach
participants targeted
Target at P75+ for phase_3 diabetes
Started Aug 2016
Typical duration for phase_3 diabetes
106 active sites
Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.
Trial Relationships
Click on a node to explore related trials.
Study Timeline
Key milestones and dates
First Submitted
Initial submission to the registry
August 8, 2016
CompletedStudy Start
First participant enrolled
August 10, 2016
CompletedFirst Posted
Study publicly available on registry
August 11, 2016
CompletedPrimary Completion
Last participant's last visit for primary outcome
August 1, 2017
CompletedStudy Completion
Last participant's last visit for all outcomes
March 8, 2018
CompletedResults Posted
Study results publicly available
December 24, 2019
CompletedJuly 20, 2022
July 1, 2022
12 months
August 8, 2016
October 15, 2019
July 11, 2022
Conditions
Outcome Measures
Primary Outcomes (1)
Change in HbA1c
Change from baseline (week 0) in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was evaluated at week 26. The endpoint was evaluated based on data from the in-trial observation period which was the time period from when a participant was randomised until the final scheduled visit, including any period after initiation of rescue medication or premature discontinuation of trial product. The endpoint was also evaluated based on the data from the on-treatment without rescue medication observation period which was the time period when a participant was on treatment with trial product, excluding any period after initiation of rescue medication.
Week 0, week 26
Secondary Outcomes (49)
Change in Body Weight (Kg)
Week 0, week 26
Change in HbA1c (%)
Week 0, week 52
Change in Body Weight (kg)
Week 0, week 52
Change in Fasting Plasma Glucose
Week 0, week 26, week 52
Change in SMPG : Mean of the 7-point Profile
Week 0, week 26 and week 52
- +44 more secondary outcomes
Study Arms (2)
14 mg oral semaglutide
EXPERIMENTAL25 mg empagliflozin
ACTIVE COMPARATORInterventions
Eligibility Criteria
You may qualify if:
- Informed consent obtained before any trial-related activities. Trial-related activities are any procedures that are carried out as part of the trial, including activities to determine suitability for the trial
- Male or female, age above or equal to 18 years at the time of signing informed consent
- Diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus at least 90 days prior to day of screening
- HbA1c (glycosylated haemoglobin) of 7.0-10.5 % (53-91 mmol/mol) (both inclusive)
- Stable daily dose of metformin (at least 1500 mg or maximum tolerated dose as documented in the subject medical record) at least 90 days prior to the day of screening
You may not qualify if:
- Female who is pregnant, breast-feeding or intends to become pregnant or is of child-bearing potential and not using an adequate contraceptive method (adequate contraceptive measure as required by local regulation or practice).For certain specific countries: Additional specific requirements apply
- Any disorder, which in the investigator's opinion might jeopardise subject's safety or compliance with the protocol
- Family or personal history of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 or Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma
- History of pancreatitis (acute or chronic)
- History of major surgical procedures involving the stomach potentially affecting absorption of trial product (e.g. subtotal and total gastrectomy, sleeve gastrectomy, gastric bypass surgery)
- Any of the following: myocardial infarction, stroke or hospitalisation for unstable angina or transient ischaemic attack within the past 180 days prior to the day of screening
- Subjects presently classified as being in New York Heart Association Class IV
- Planned coronary, carotid or peripheral artery revascularisation known on the day of screening
- Subjects with ALT (alanine aminotransferase) above 2.5 x upper normal limit
- Renal impairment defined as Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate below 60 mL/min/1.73 m\^2 as per Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration formula (CKD-EPI)
- Proliferative retinopathy or maculopathy requiring acute treatment. Verified by fundus photography or dilated fundoscopy performed within 90 days prior to randomisation
- History or presence of malignant neoplasms within the last 5 years (except basal and squamous cell skin cancer and carcinoma in situ)
- History of diabetic ketoacidosis
Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.
Sponsors & Collaborators
- Novo Nordisk A/Slead
Study Sites (106)
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Tuscumbia, Alabama, 35674, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Encino, California, 91436, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
La Mesa, California, 91942, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Northridge, California, 91325, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Palm Springs, California, 92262-6972, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Poway, California, 92064, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Riverside, California, 92506, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Spring Valley, California, 91978, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Bradenton, Florida, 34201, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Jacksonville, Florida, 32216, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Jacksonville, Florida, 32256, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Jacksonville, Florida, 32277, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Miami, Florida, 33143, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Miami Lakes, Florida, 33014, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Orlando, Florida, 32801, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Oviedo, Florida, 32765, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Atlanta, Georgia, 30328, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Perry, Georgia, 31069, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Meridian, Idaho, 83646, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Peoria, Illinois, 61603, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Evansville, Indiana, 47713, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Indianapolis, Indiana, 46254, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Lexington, Kentucky, 40502, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Lexington, Kentucky, 40503, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70808-4124, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Rockville, Maryland, 20852, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Boston, Massachusetts, 02118, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Buckley, Michigan, 49620, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Kalamazoo, Michigan, 49009, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Butte, Montana, 59701, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Albany, New York, 12203, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Northport, New York, 11768, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Wilmington, North Carolina, 28401, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Cincinnati, Ohio, 45245, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Mason, Ohio, 45040-6815, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19140, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Greer, South Carolina, 29651, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Humboldt, Tennessee, 38343, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Kingsport, Tennessee, 37660, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Arlington, Texas, 76012-4637, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Dallas, Texas, 75230, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Houston, Texas, 77004, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Houston, Texas, 77074, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Katy, Texas, 77450, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
San Antonio, Texas, 78209, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
San Antonio, Texas, 78228-3419, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
San Antonio, Texas, 78258, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Richmond, Virginia, 23219, United States
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
CABA, C1417EYG, Argentina
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Capital Federal, 1405, Argentina
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Córdoba, X5006IKK, Argentina
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Córdoba, X5016KEH, Argentina
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
São Paulo, São Paulo, 01228-000, Brazil
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Porto Alegre, 90035-170, Brazil
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
São Paulo, 05437-010, Brazil
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Karlovac, 47000, Croatia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Krapinske Toplice, 49217, Croatia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Pula, 52100, Croatia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Virovitica, 33000, Croatia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Zagreb, 10 000, Croatia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Athens, 115 25, Greece
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Athens, GR-10552, Greece
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Thessaloniki, GR-54636, Greece
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Thessaloniki, GR-54642, Greece
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Thessaloniki, GR-54643, Greece
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Thessaloniki, GR-57001, Greece
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Thessaloniki, GR-57010, Greece
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Budapest, 1139, Hungary
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Budapest, 1152, Hungary
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Cegléd, 2700, Hungary
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Nyíregyhaza, 4400, Hungary
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Salgótarján, 3100, Hungary
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Szekszárd, 7100, Hungary
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Bologna, 40138, Italy
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Lucca, 55100, Italy
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Palermo, 90127, Italy
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Roma, 00133, Italy
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Roma, 00161, Italy
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Siena, 53100, Italy
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Bialystok, 15-435, Poland
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Lublin, 20-538, Poland
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Puławy, 24-100, Poland
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Warsaw, 00-911, Poland
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Wroclaw, 50-127, Poland
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Zabrze, 41-800, Poland
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Kazan', 420012, Russia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Moscow, 117292, Russia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Saint Petersburg, 194291, Russia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Saint Petersburg, 194356, Russia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Saratov, 410053, Russia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Tyumen, 625023, Russia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Kragujevac, 34000, Serbia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Niš, 18000, Serbia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Novi Sad, 21000, Serbia
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Almería, 04001, Spain
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Centelles (Barcelona), 08540, Spain
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08907, Spain
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
La Roca Del Vallés, 08430, Spain
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223, Spain
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Seville, 41009, Spain
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Seville, 41010, Spain
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Valencia, 46010, Spain
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Vic (Barcelona), 08500, Spain
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
Novo Nordisk Investigational Site
Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
Related Publications (8)
Rodbard HW, Rosenstock J, Canani LH, Deerochanawong C, Gumprecht J, Lindberg SO, Lingvay I, Sondergaard AL, Treppendahl MB, Montanya E; PIONEER 2 Investigators. Oral Semaglutide Versus Empagliflozin in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Uncontrolled on Metformin: The PIONEER 2 Trial. Diabetes Care. 2019 Dec;42(12):2272-2281. doi: 10.2337/dc19-0883. Epub 2019 Sep 17.
PMID: 31530666RESULTEliasson B, Ericsson A, Fridhammar A, Nilsson A, Persson S, Chubb B. Long-Term Cost Effectiveness of Oral Semaglutide Versus Empagliflozin and Sitagliptin for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes in the Swedish Setting. Pharmacoecon Open. 2022 May;6(3):343-354. doi: 10.1007/s41669-021-00317-z. Epub 2022 Jan 21.
PMID: 35064550RESULTAroda VR, Bauer R, Christiansen E, Haluzik M, Kallenbach K, Montanya E, Rosenstock J, Meier JJ. Efficacy and safety of oral semaglutide by subgroups of patient characteristics in the PIONEER phase 3 programme. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2022 Jul;24(7):1338-1350. doi: 10.1111/dom.14710. Epub 2022 May 9.
PMID: 35373893RESULTPulleyblank R, Larsen NB. Cost-Effectiveness of Semaglutide vs. Empagliflozin, Canagliflozin, and Sitagliptin for Treatment of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Denmark: A Decision-Analytic Modelling Study. Pharmacoecon Open. 2023 Jul;7(4):579-591. doi: 10.1007/s41669-023-00416-z. Epub 2023 May 13.
PMID: 37178435DERIVEDMosenzon O, Capehorn MS, De Remigis A, Rasmussen S, Weimers P, Rosenstock J. Impact of semaglutide on high-sensitivity C-reactive protein: exploratory patient-level analyses of SUSTAIN and PIONEER randomized clinical trials. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 2022 Sep 2;21(1):172. doi: 10.1186/s12933-022-01585-7.
PMID: 36056351DERIVEDLingvay I, Capehorn MS, Catarig AM, Johansen P, Lawson J, Sandberg A, Shaw R, Paine A. Efficacy of Once-Weekly Semaglutide vs Empagliflozin Added to Metformin in Type 2 Diabetes: Patient-Level Meta-analysis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020 Dec 1;105(12):e4593-604. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgaa577.
PMID: 32827435DERIVEDThethi TK, Pratley R, Meier JJ. Efficacy, safety and cardiovascular outcomes of once-daily oral semaglutide in patients with type 2 diabetes: The PIONEER programme. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2020 Aug;22(8):1263-1277. doi: 10.1111/dom.14054. Epub 2020 May 13.
PMID: 32267058DERIVEDHusain M, Bain SC, Jeppesen OK, Lingvay I, Sorrig R, Treppendahl MB, Vilsboll T. Semaglutide (SUSTAIN and PIONEER) reduces cardiovascular events in type 2 diabetes across varying cardiovascular risk. Diabetes Obes Metab. 2020 Mar;22(3):442-451. doi: 10.1111/dom.13955. Epub 2020 Feb 5.
PMID: 31903692DERIVED
Related Links
MeSH Terms
Conditions
Interventions
Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)
Results Point of Contact
- Title
- Clinical Reporting Anchor and Disclosure (1452)
- Organization
- Novo Nordisk A/S
Study Officials
- STUDY DIRECTOR
Global Clinical Registry (GCR, 1452)
Novo Nordisk A/S
Publication Agreements
- PI is Sponsor Employee
- No
- Restriction Type
- OTHER
- Restrictive Agreement
- Yes
Study Design
- Study Type
- interventional
- Phase
- phase 3
- Allocation
- RANDOMIZED
- Masking
- NONE
- Purpose
- TREATMENT
- Intervention Model
- PARALLEL
- Sponsor Type
- INDUSTRY
- Responsible Party
- SPONSOR
Study Record Dates
First Submitted
August 8, 2016
First Posted
August 11, 2016
Study Start
August 10, 2016
Primary Completion
August 1, 2017
Study Completion
March 8, 2018
Last Updated
July 20, 2022
Results First Posted
December 24, 2019
Record last verified: 2022-07