NCT02772770

Brief Summary

Pediatric ACL: Understanding Treatment Outcomes (PLUTO) is a multi-center, prospective cohort study. Specific aims of PLUTO are to evaluate the safety and comparative effectiveness of non-operative treatment, as well as four operative treatments including (1) transphyseal ACL reconstruction (2) partial transphyseal ACL reconstruction, (3) physeal-sparing epiphyseal ACL reconstruction using the Anderson technique, and (4) physeal-sparing ACL reconstruction using the Micheli/Kocher technique in prepubescent and pubescent skeletally immature patients.

Trial Health

75
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
765

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for all trials

Timeline
55mo left

Started Sep 2016

Longer than P75 for all trials

Geographic Reach
1 country

10 active sites

Status
active not recruiting

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Progress68%
Sep 2016Dec 2030

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

May 11, 2016

Completed
5 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

May 16, 2016

Completed
4 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

September 1, 2016

Completed
13.7 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

May 1, 2030

Expected
7 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

December 1, 2030

Last Updated

May 13, 2025

Status Verified

May 1, 2025

Enrollment Period

13.7 years

First QC Date

May 11, 2016

Last Update Submit

May 8, 2025

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Knee functional outcome at 2 years post-ACL reconstruction (Pedi-IKDC)

    To compare outcomes associated with four surgical techniques performed to treat complete intrasubstance ACL tears in pre- and early pubescent children: (1) transphyseal ACL reconstruction (2) partial transphyseal ACL reconstruction, (3) physeal-sparing epiphyseal ACL reconstruction using the Anderson technique, and (4) physeal-sparing ACL reconstruction using the Micheli/Kocher technique.

    2 years

Secondary Outcomes (4)

  • Health-related quality of life (Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL)

    2 years

  • Graft failure (MRI, Lachman, Pivot-Shift)

    2 years

  • Activity level (P-FABS and Physical Activity Questionnaire)

    2 years

  • Growth disturbance (angular deformity, leg length discrepancy per clinical exam and radiographs)

    2 years

Other Outcomes (5)

  • Re-injury or instability requiring ACL reconstruction

    2 years

  • Knee function (Pedi-IKDC)

    2 years

  • Health-related quality of life (PedsQL)

    2 years

  • +2 more other outcomes

Study Arms (5)

Non Operative: Rehabilitation, Bracing, Activity Restriction

Other: Non-operative treatment group will undergo standardized treatment which will include rehabilitation, bracing and certain activity restrictions

Operative: Transphyseal

Procedure: Surgical technique: Transphyseal reconstruction

Operative: Partial Transphyseal

Procedure: Surgical technique: Partial transphyseal reconstruction

Operative: Physeal sparing by Anderson Technique

Procedure: Surgical technique: Physeal sparing reconstruction by the Anderson method

Operative: Physeal sparing by Micheli/Kocher Technique

Procedure: Surgical technique: Physeal sparing reconstruction by the Micheli/Kocher method

Interventions

The non-operative treatment group will undergo standardized treatment which will include rehabilitation, bracing and certain activity restrictions.

Non Operative: Rehabilitation, Bracing, Activity Restriction

Study physicians will have the option to treat ACL injuries operatively or non-operatively, according to their standard of care. However, once the decision is made to manage the injury operatively or non-operatively, the physician must follow the appropriate standardized treatment protocol developed for the study. The operative treatment protocol will include standardized surgical techniques for transphyseal reconstruction with soft tissue graft and metaphyseal fixation.

Operative: Transphyseal

Study physicians will have the option to treat ACL injuries operatively or non-operatively, according to their standard of care. However, once the decision is made to manage the injury operatively or non-operatively, the physician must follow the appropriate standardized treatment protocol developed for the study. The operative treatment protocol will include partial transphyseal reconstruction (tibial transphyseal and femoral epiphyseal) with soft tissue graft.

Operative: Partial Transphyseal

Study physicians will have the option to treat ACL injuries operatively or non-operatively, according to their standard of care. However, once the decision is made to manage the injury operatively or non-operatively, the physician must follow the appropriate standardized treatment protocol developed for the study. The operative treatment protocol will include standardized surgical techniques for physeal sparing epiphyseal reconstruction with soft tissue graft (Anderson technique).

Operative: Physeal sparing by Anderson Technique

Study physicians will have the option to treat ACL injuries operatively or non-operatively, according to their standard of care. However, once the decision is made to manage the injury operatively or non-operatively, the physician must follow the appropriate standardized treatment protocol developed for the study. The operative treatment protocol will include physeal-sparing with Iliotibial band combined extra-articular and intra-articular reconstructions (Micheli/Kocher Technique).

Operative: Physeal sparing by Micheli/Kocher Technique

Eligibility Criteria

Age5 Years - 18 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64)
Sampling MethodNon-Probability Sample
Study Population

The pool of patients for this study will be patients seen in outpatient and sports medicine clinics at each clinical center. The minimum accrual target for this study is 360 surgical patients and 45 non-operative patients

You may qualify if:

  • Diagnosis of complete intrasubstance ACL tear
  • Skeletally Immature (by knee radiographs)

You may not qualify if:

  • Prior ACL surgery on the ipsilateral knee
  • Congenital ACL deficiency
  • Multiple ligament reconstruction required
  • Other significant comorbidities including syndromic conditions, neuromuscular disorders or developmental delay
  • If scheduling of the ACL surgery is impacted by the skeletal maturity of the patient
  • Simultaneous bilateral ACL tears

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (10)

Stanford University Medical Center

Palo Alto, California, 94304, United States

Location

Rady Children's Hospital

San Diego, California, 92123, United States

Location

Children's Healthcare of Atlanta

Atlanta, Georgia, 30342, United States

Location

Boston Children's Hospital

Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, United States

Location

Washington University at St. Louis

St Louis, Missouri, 63130, United States

Location

Hospital for Special Surgery

New York, New York, 10021, United States

Location

Cincinnati Children's Medical Center

Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, United States

Location

Cleveland Clinic Foundation

Cleveland, Ohio, 44195, United States

Location

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States

Location

Tennessee Orthopaedic Alliance

Nashville, Tennessee, 37205, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Interventions

Braces

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Orthotic DevicesOrthopedic EquipmentSurgical EquipmentEquipment and Supplies

Study Officials

  • Mininder S Kocher, MD, MPH

    Boston Children's Hospital

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
COHORT
Time Perspective
PROSPECTIVE
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Principal Investigator

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

May 11, 2016

First Posted

May 16, 2016

Study Start

September 1, 2016

Primary Completion (Estimated)

May 1, 2030

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 1, 2030

Last Updated

May 13, 2025

Record last verified: 2025-05

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations