NCT02761707

Brief Summary

This study seeks to establish the sensitivity and specificity of what appears to be a unique brainstem biomarker of Parkinson's Disease (PD) - an electrically induced olygosynaptic nasotrigeminal reflex response - in differentiating early stage PD from normal controls and from patients with various other neurodegenerative diseases. This study will additionally compare the biomarker to olfactory testing.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
54

participants targeted

Target at P25-P50 for all trials

Timeline
Completed

Started Jun 2016

Typical duration for all trials

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

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Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

April 18, 2016

Completed
16 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

May 4, 2016

Completed
28 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

June 1, 2016

Completed
2 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

June 1, 2018

Completed
1.1 years until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

July 16, 2019

Completed
Last Updated

July 18, 2019

Status Verified

July 1, 2019

Enrollment Period

2 years

First QC Date

April 18, 2016

Last Update Submit

July 16, 2019

Conditions

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

  • Latency, amplitude, and area under the curve of brainstem reflex response

    Latency, amplitude, and area under the curve of electrical brainstem reflex response of trigeminal nerve branches measured on the face musculature (before and after short-term visual deprivation).

    1 Hour

  • Score on the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test

    The number of correct odor identification responses out of 40 from the standardized University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (before and after short-term visual deprivation).

    20 Minutes

  • Score on the Odor Discrimination/Memory Test

    The number of correct responses in picking out an odor previously presented from three foils 10, 30, and 60 sec later using the standardized Odor Detection/Discrimination Test (before and after short-term visual deprivation).

    30 Minutes

  • Score on an Odor Detection Threshold Test

    The average of 7 reversals in a staircase odor detection threshold test that employs phenyl ethyl alcohol (rose oil) concentrations ranging from -7 to -2 log dilutions in light mineral oil.

    20 Minutes

Study Arms (11)

Parkinson's Disease

Non-smokers, ages 18-80, diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease. Must be Hoehn and Yahr stage 2 or less with a history of motor symptoms less than two years.

Other: Electrical Brainstem ResponsesOther: Olfactory TestsOther: Visual DeprivationOther: Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

Alzheimer's Disease

Non-smokers, ages 18-80, diagnosed with Alzheimer's Disease. Must meet the 2011 National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association and the 1984 National Institute for Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's disease and Related Disorders Association criteria for probable AD.

Other: Electrical Brainstem ResponsesOther: Olfactory TestsOther: Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

Non-smokers, ages 18-80, diagnosed with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. Must meet the NINDS-SPSP criteria for probable PSP, which requires vertical supranuclear gaze palsy, prominent postural instability, and falls in the first year of onset, as well as a number of other clinical features.

Other: Electrical Brainstem ResponsesOther: Olfactory TestsOther: Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

Essential Tremor

Non-smokers, ages 18-80, diagnosed with Essential Tremor.

Other: Electrical Brainstem ResponsesOther: Olfactory TestsOther: Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

Drug-Induced Parkinson's Disease

Non-smokers, ages 18-80, diagnosed with Drug-Induced Parkinson's Disease.

Other: Electrical Brainstem ResponsesOther: Olfactory TestsOther: Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

Myasthenia Gravis

Non-smokers, ages 18-80, diagnosed with Myasthenia Gravis.

Other: Electrical Brainstem ResponsesOther: Olfactory TestsOther: Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

Multiple System Atrophy

Non-smokers, ages 18-80, who have been diagnosed with Multiple System Atrophy.

Other: Electrical Brainstem ResponsesOther: Olfactory TestsOther: Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

Diffuse Lewy Body Disease

Non-smokers, ages 18-80, diagnosed with Diffuse Lewy Body Disease. Must meet the Consensus Criteria for the clinical diagnosis of DLBD.

Other: Electrical Brainstem ResponsesOther: Olfactory TestsOther: Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

Healthy Controls

Non-smokers, ages 18-80, with no neurodegenerative disease, and no first-degree relatives with a neurodegenerative disease.

Other: Electrical Brainstem ResponsesOther: Olfactory TestsOther: Visual DeprivationOther: Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

Spinal Cord Injury

Other: Electrical Brainstem ResponsesOther: Olfactory TestsOther: Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

Asymptomatic Relatives

Other: Electrical Brainstem ResponsesOther: Olfactory TestsOther: Peripheral Nerve Stimulation

Interventions

Eye blink responses will be induced using standard stimulating electrodes employed in surface electromyography (EMG). The subjects will recline with their eyes gently closed. Sticky electrodes will be placed to the left and below the left eye. 6 different facial regions will be stimulated. The electrical stimulation will be kept constant during the test sessions. To prevent habituation, the stimuli will be delivered randomly at intervals of 45-60 sec. Four 0.2 msec pulses will be presented. In some cases, paired pulse stimulation will be performed, and a conditioning stimulus will be applied to the target facial regions at the following intervals: 10, 200, 400, 600 and 800 msec. 4 pulses will be presented at each stimulus interval with randomized interval and pulse sequences.

Also known as: Electromyography
Alzheimer's DiseaseAsymptomatic RelativesDiffuse Lewy Body DiseaseDrug-Induced Parkinson's DiseaseEssential TremorHealthy ControlsMultiple System AtrophyMyasthenia GravisParkinson's DiseaseProgressive Supranuclear PalsySpinal Cord Injury

Olfactory testing will be performed using standard tests. The University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) assesses a subjects ability to identify odors in a forced choice format. The Snap and Sniff Threshold Test provides a threshold measure of phenyl ethyl alcohol. Short-term odor memory will be assessed using a standardized 12-item four-alternative forced-choice Odor Memory Test. This non-lexical test employs 10-, 30-, and 60-second delay intervals between the presentation of the target odorant and the first of four successively presented odors from which the target is to be selected.

Alzheimer's DiseaseAsymptomatic RelativesDiffuse Lewy Body DiseaseDrug-Induced Parkinson's DiseaseEssential TremorHealthy ControlsMultiple System AtrophyMyasthenia GravisParkinson's DiseaseProgressive Supranuclear PalsySpinal Cord Injury

During a 2-hour visual deprivation period, subjects will wear comfortable light-tight goggles with lenses that have been blackened by flat black paint. Subjects will be given the opportunity to recline comfortable in a padded reclining chair during this time.

Healthy ControlsParkinson's Disease

Electrical stimulation will be applied to a nerve of your arm. Sticky electrode pads will also be placed on a hand muscle. You will receive electrical stimulations that lasts less than a second. The stimulations will make your muscle twitch.

Also known as: Repetitive Nerve Stimulation
Alzheimer's DiseaseAsymptomatic RelativesDiffuse Lewy Body DiseaseDrug-Induced Parkinson's DiseaseEssential TremorHealthy ControlsMultiple System AtrophyMyasthenia GravisParkinson's DiseaseProgressive Supranuclear PalsySpinal Cord Injury

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 80 Years
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
Sampling MethodNon-Probability Sample
Study Population

Normal controls and patients with such neural disorders as Parkinson's Disease(PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), essential tremor (ET), dementia with Parkinson's disease (D-PD), myasthenia gravis (MG), multiple system atrophy (MSA), diffuse Lewy body disease (DLBD), and Spinal Cord Injury (SCI). None will be cigarette smokers. The patients will be diagnosed accord to current consensus criteria. The healthy controls will be matched to the PD patients on such variables as sex, age, education level, and ethnicity. The Healthy Controls will be asked to answer questions regarding the disease state of their first degree family members to ensure that these first degree family members do not have a neurodegenerative diseases. Every effort will be made to include women and minority subjects.

You may qualify if:

  • The Parkinson's disease (PD) patients will be Hoehn and Yahr stage 2 or less with a history of motor symptoms less than two years.
  • The Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients will meet the 2011 National Institute on Aging-Alzheimer's Association and the 1984 National Institute for Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's disease and Related Disorders Association criteria for probable AD.
  • The progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients will have met the NINDS-SPSP criteria for probable PSP, which requires vertical supranuclear gaze palsy, prominent postural instability, and falls in the first year of onset, as well as a number of other clinical features.
  • The DLBD patients will meet the Consensus Criteria for the clinical diagnosis of DLBD.
  • The healthy controls will be matched to the PD patients on such variables as sex, age, education level, and ethnicity.
  • The essential tremor (ET), multiple system atrophy (MSA), myasthenia gravis (MG), multiple system atrophy (MSA), Parkinson's disease dementia (D-PD), and Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) patients will meet the generally-accepted diagnostic criteria for these disorders.

You may not qualify if:

  • Drug abuse.
  • Any other known and potentially confounding condition that could reasonably be expected to interfere with the study assessments.
  • Under age 18.
  • Over age 80.
  • Smoker.
  • Pregnant or nursing.
  • Healthy control with a first degree relative who has a neurodegenerative disease.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

University of Pennsylvania

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, United States

Location

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Parkinson DiseaseAlzheimer DiseaseSupranuclear Palsy, ProgressiveEssential TremorMultiple System AtrophyLewy Body DiseaseMyasthenia GravisSpinal Cord Injuries

Interventions

Neurofeedback

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Parkinsonian DisordersBasal Ganglia DiseasesBrain DiseasesCentral Nervous System DiseasesNervous System DiseasesMovement DisordersSynucleinopathiesNeurodegenerative DiseasesDementiaTauopathiesNeurocognitive DisordersMental DisordersOphthalmoplegiaOcular Motility DisordersCranial Nerve DiseasesParalysisNeurologic ManifestationsEye DiseasesSigns and SymptomsPathological Conditions, Signs and SymptomsPrimary DysautonomiasAutonomic Nervous System DiseasesParaneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous SystemNervous System NeoplasmsNeoplasms by SiteNeoplasmsParaneoplastic SyndromesAutoimmune Diseases of the Nervous SystemNeuromuscular Junction DiseasesNeuromuscular DiseasesAutoimmune DiseasesImmune System DiseasesSpinal Cord DiseasesTrauma, Nervous SystemWounds and Injuries

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Biofeedback, PsychologyMind-Body TherapiesComplementary TherapiesTherapeuticsBehavior TherapyPsychotherapyBehavioral Disciplines and ActivitiesFeedback, Psychological

Study Officials

  • Richard L Doty, PhD

    University of Pennsylvania

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
observational
Observational Model
CASE CONTROL
Time Perspective
CROSS SECTIONAL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

April 18, 2016

First Posted

May 4, 2016

Study Start

June 1, 2016

Primary Completion

June 1, 2018

Study Completion

July 16, 2019

Last Updated

July 18, 2019

Record last verified: 2019-07

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will not share

Locations