Functional Changes and Power Training in Older Women.

NCT02530723 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 27773
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 50
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

Extending quality of life and attenuating functional decline is paramount in older adults. This study investigates the effects of low-intensity power-training in older women and its effects on functional outcomes.

Conditions

Sarcopenia; Muscle Weakness

Keywords

power training; high-speed training; high-velocity training; function; older adults; older women

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Change in Stair-climb power

  The time needed to ascend a flight of stairs, converted to power (using body-weight and stair height)

  baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (3)

• Change in 400-meter walk test

  baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks

• Change in Short Physical Performance Battery

  baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks

• Change in 30-second chair stand test

  baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks

Study Arms (4)

Once a week

EXPERIMENTAL

Group 1 will be invited to perform resistance training exercise 1 day/week. After a 2-week familiarization phase, participants will engage in power training (40% of 1-repetition maximum) for 12 weeks. Instructions include telling participants to lift the weight concentrically 'as fast as possible', with a lowering phase (eccentric) of 2-3 seconds. Participants will perform 3 x 12-14 repetitions per exercise per session. Primarily lower body equipment will be used, including leg press, knee extension/flexion, hip extension/flexion, and calf-raises.

Other: power training

Twice a week

EXPERIMENTAL

Group 2 will be invited to perform resistance training exercise 2 days/week. After a 2-week familiarization phase, participants will engage in power training (40% of 1-repetition maximum) for 12 weeks. Instructions include telling participants to lift the weight concentrically 'as fast as possible', with a lowering phase (eccentric) of 2-3 seconds. Participants will perform 3 x 12-14 repetitions per exercise per session. Primarily lower body equipment will be used, including leg press, knee extension/flexion, hip extension/flexion, and calf-raises.

Other: power training

Thrice a week

EXPERIMENTAL

Group 3 will be invited to perform resistance training exercise 3 days/week. After a 2-week familiarization phase, participants will engage in power training (40% of 1-repetition maximum) for 12 weeks. Instructions include telling participants to lift the weight concentrically 'as fast as possible', with a lowering phase (eccentric) of 2-3 seconds. Participants will perform 3 x 12-14 repetitions per exercise per session. Primarily lower body equipment will be used, including leg press, knee extension/flexion, hip extension/flexion, and calf-raises.

Other: power training

wait-control

NO INTERVENTION

Participants in this group will serve as controls prior to participating in power training in 1 of the above treatment groups. The control period will last as long as the exercise period, or 3 months. Controls will participate in the same testing time points as the exercisers (baseline, midpoint, and post-intervention).

Interventions

power training OTHER

Resistance training machines with CAM devices will be used for training.

Also known as: resistance training, high-speed training, high-velocity training

Once a week; Thrice a week; Twice a week

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 65 Years+
• Sex: female
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

• females, 65 years of age
• agree to the study protocol
• give informed-consent to the proposed research study

You may not qualify if:

• existing acute illness/disease (last six months)
• diagnosed with myopathies
• currently prescribed cardiovascular medications or drugs that may affect muscle mass and/or their response to exercise (thyroid medications, sedatives, beta blockers, some statins)
• are diabetic
• have uncontrolled hypertension
• have been advised against participating in exercise by their doctor

Sponsors & Collaborators

• University of Toronto: lead

Study Sites (1)

Athletic Centre; 55 Harbord Street

Toronto, Ontario, M5S 2W6, Canada

Location

Related Publications (13)

• Fiatarone MA, O'Neill EF, Ryan ND, Clements KM, Solares GR, Nelson ME, Roberts SB, Kehayias JJ, Lipsitz LA, Evans WJ. Exercise training and nutritional supplementation for physical frailty in very elderly people. N Engl J Med. 1994 Jun 23;330(25):1769-75. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199406233302501.

  PMID: 8190152 BACKGROUND

• Hartman MJ, Fields DA, Byrne NM, Hunter GR. Resistance training improves metabolic economy during functional tasks in older adults. J Strength Cond Res. 2007 Feb;21(1):91-5. doi: 10.1519/00124278-200702000-00017.

  PMID: 17313273 BACKGROUND

• Hanson ED, Srivatsan SR, Agrawal S, Menon KS, Delmonico MJ, Wang MQ, Hurley BF. Effects of strength training on physical function: influence of power, strength, and body composition. J Strength Cond Res. 2009 Dec;23(9):2627-37. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b2297b.

  PMID: 19910811 BACKGROUND

• Pojednic RM, Clark DJ, Patten C, Reid K, Phillips EM, Fielding RA. The specific contributions of force and velocity to muscle power in older adults. Exp Gerontol. 2012 Aug;47(8):608-13. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2012.05.010. Epub 2012 May 22.

  PMID: 22626972 BACKGROUND

• Sayers SP, Guralnik JM, Thombs LA, Fielding RA. Effect of leg muscle contraction velocity on functional performance in older men and women. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 Mar;53(3):467-71. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53166.x.

  PMID: 15743291 BACKGROUND

• Miszko TA, Cress ME, Slade JM, Covey CJ, Agrawal SK, Doerr CE. Effect of strength and power training on physical function in community-dwelling older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2003 Feb;58(2):171-5. doi: 10.1093/gerona/58.2.m171.

  PMID: 12586856 BACKGROUND

• Sayers SP, Gibson K. Effects of high-speed power training on muscle performance and braking speed in older adults. J Aging Res. 2012;2012:426278. doi: 10.1155/2012/426278. Epub 2012 Feb 28.

  PMID: 22500229 BACKGROUND

• Henwood TR, Riek S, Taaffe DR. Strength versus muscle power-specific resistance training in community-dwelling older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2008 Jan;63(1):83-91. doi: 10.1093/gerona/63.1.83.

  PMID: 18245765 BACKGROUND

• Drey M, Zech A, Freiberger E, Bertsch T, Uter W, Sieber CC, Pfeifer K, Bauer JM. Effects of strength training versus power training on physical performance in prefrail community-dwelling older adults. Gerontology. 2012;58(3):197-204. doi: 10.1159/000332207. Epub 2011 Nov 3.

  PMID: 22056537 BACKGROUND

• Earles DR, Judge JO, Gunnarsson OT. Velocity training induces power-specific adaptations in highly functioning older adults. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2001 Jul;82(7):872-8. doi: 10.1053/apmr.2001.23838.

  PMID: 11441371 BACKGROUND

• Bamman MM, Hill VJ, Adams GR, Haddad F, Wetzstein CJ, Gower BA, Ahmed A, Hunter GR. Gender differences in resistance-training-induced myofiber hypertrophy among older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2003 Feb;58(2):108-16. doi: 10.1093/gerona/58.2.b108.

  PMID: 12586847 BACKGROUND

• Hunter GR, Wetzstein CJ, McLafferty CL Jr, Zuckerman PA, Landers KA, Bamman MM. High-resistance versus variable-resistance training in older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2001 Oct;33(10):1759-64. doi: 10.1097/00005768-200110000-00022.

  PMID: 11581563 BACKGROUND

• Katsoulis K, Amara CE. The Effects of Power Training Frequency on Muscle Power and Functional Performance in Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Strength Cond Res. 2023 Nov 1;37(11):2289-2297. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000004527. Epub 2023 Jun 19.

  PMID: 37335760 DERIVED

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Sarcopenia; Muscle Weakness

Interventions

Resistance Training

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Muscular Atrophy; Neuromuscular Manifestations; Neurologic Manifestations; Nervous System Diseases; Atrophy; Pathological Conditions, Anatomical; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Signs and Symptoms; Muscular Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Pathologic Processes

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Exercise Therapy; Rehabilitation; Aftercare; Continuity of Patient Care; Patient Care; Therapeutics; Physical Therapy Modalities; Physical Conditioning, Human; Exercise; Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena

Study Officials

• Catherine E Amara, Ph.D

  University of Toronto; Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: SINGLE
• Who Masked: OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
• Masking Details: Functional testers are masked to what group the participants are in (control, Exercise Group I, II, or III). All testers are masked during baseline testing.
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: FACTORIAL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Konstantina Katsoulis

Model Details: With 3 groups and a wait-control group, our general design will include 4 (group) x 2 (baseline and post-study) and 4 (group) x 3 (baseline, midpoint, and post-study) analyses. We may also conduct one-way ANOVA analyses as problems with normality in the data are apparent.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: August 17, 2015
• First Posted: August 21, 2015
• Study Start: September 1, 2015
• Primary Completion: July 16, 2018
• Study Completion: July 16, 2018
• Last Updated: November 9, 2020

Record last verified: 2020-11

Locations

CA (1)