NCT02278341

Brief Summary

This study was conducted to explore a new therapy for anemia in participants with end stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis. Anemia is a reduced number of red blood cells or hemoglobin. Hemoglobin (which contains iron) is important for the transport of oxygen in your blood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate if roxadustat is effective and safe in the maintenance treatment of anemia in ESRD participants on stable dialysis. Roxadustat was compared to epoetin alfa and darbepoetin alfa, commercially available medicines for treatment of anemia.

Trial Health

98
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Strong global presence with extensive site network
Enrollment
838

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for phase_3

Timeline
Completed

Started Nov 2014

Typical duration for phase_3

Geographic Reach
17 countries

143 active sites

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

October 28, 2014

Completed
2 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

October 30, 2014

Completed
22 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

November 21, 2014

Completed
2.5 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

June 8, 2017

Completed
1.1 years until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

July 6, 2018

Completed
2.1 years until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

August 26, 2020

Completed
Last Updated

November 27, 2024

Status Verified

November 1, 2024

Enrollment Period

2.5 years

First QC Date

October 28, 2014

Results QC Date

May 26, 2020

Last Update Submit

November 12, 2024

Conditions

Keywords

ASP1517FG-4592AnemiaEnd Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)Erythropoetin Stimulating Agents (ESAs)Chronic Kidney DiseaseHematopoetic AgentsHIF-PH inhibitorHemoglobinDialysisroxadustat

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

  • Change From Baseline (BL) to the Average Hemoglobin (Hb) in Weeks 28-36 Without Rescue Therapy [EU (EMA)]

    Baseline Hb was defined as the mean of four central laboratory Hb values; four latest Hb values prior or on the same date as the first study drug intake. For participants who did not have an available Hb value during the week 28-36 period, imputation rules were applied. For analyses without rescue therapy, participants who used rescue therapy after the initiation of rescue therapy were set to missing for 6 weeks from the start date of rescue therapy. If no Hb value was available, an imputation technique was used, with the mean of all available values from Day 1 to minimum (End of Efficacy Emergent Period) carried forward.

    Baseline and weeks 28 to 36

  • Change From BL to the Average Hb in Weeks 28 to 52 Regardless of Rescue Therapy [US (FDA)]

    Baseline Hb was defined as the mean of four central laboratory Hb values: four latest Hb values prior or on the same date as first study drug intake. Change from baseline to the average Hb are observed values. Missing hemoglobin data was imputed for each treatment relying on non-missing data from all participants within each treatment group using the Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) imputation model with treatment, baseline hemoglobin, randomization stratification factors and the available non missing hemoglobin for each scheduled week.

    Baseline and weeks 28 to 52

Secondary Outcomes (43)

  • Percentage of Participants With Hb Response During Weeks 28 to 36

    Weeks 28 to 36

  • Change From BL in Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) to the Average LDL-C of Weeks 12 to 28

    Baseline and weeks 12 to 28

  • Mean Monthly Intravenous (IV) Iron Use

    Day 1 to week 36

  • Change From BL in Short Form-36 (SF-36) Health Survey Physical Functioning (PF) Sub-score to the Average of Weeks 12 to 28

    Baseline and weeks 12 to 28

  • Change From BL in SF-36 Vitality (VT) Sub-score to the Average of Weeks 12 to 28

    Baseline and weeks 12 to 28

  • +38 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (2)

Roxadustat

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants received roxadustat three times a week (TIW) for at least 52 weeks up to a maximum of 104 weeks. Participants received initial dose of roxadustat in doses of 100 mg, 150 mg or 200 mg, according to the average weekly dose of epoetin or darbepoetin alfa prior to randomization. Participants' roxadustat dosage was adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain Hb level within the target range 10.0 to 12.0 g/dL. Dose adjustment steps were as follows: 20, 40, 50, 70, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 400 mg. Oral iron treatment of 200 mg was allowed for supplementation to support erythropoiesis. Treatment with intravenous iron was allowed only if certain protocol criteria were met.

Drug: RoxadustatDrug: Iron

ESA (Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agent) treatment

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants received epoetin alfa once weekly, twice weekly or TIW and darbepoetin alfa once a week or once every other week. Participants were treated for at least 52 weeks up to a maximum of 104 weeks. Treatment dosage was adjusted according to the pre-specified rule of keeping the participant's Hb levels between 10.0 to 12.0 g/dL. Participants were not allowed to switch from the epoetin alfa to darbepoetin alfa or vice versa.

Drug: Epoetin alfaDrug: Darbepoetin alfaDrug: Iron

Interventions

Participants received initial dose of roxadustat orally as a tablet in doses of 100 mg, 150 mg or 200 mg, according to the average weekly dose of epoetin or darbepoetin alfa prior to randomization. Participants' roxadustat dosage was adjusted every 4 weeks to maintain Hb level within the target range 10.0 to 12.0 g/dL. Dose adjustment steps were as follows: 20, 40, 50, 70, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, and 400 mg. Oral iron treatment of 200 mg was allowed for supplementation to support erythropoiesis. Treatment with intravenous iron was allowed only if certain protocol criteria were met.

Also known as: ASP1517, FG-4592
Roxadustat

Participants received epoetin alfa via intravenous or subcutaneous injection, once a week, twice a week, or three times a week (TIW). Epoetin alfa dosage was adjusted to maintain Hb level within the target range. Dosing of epoetin alfa was per UK SmPC of Eprex®. Participants received IV iron supplementation according to the standard of care.

Also known as: Eprex
ESA (Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agent) treatment

Participants received darbepoetin alfa via intravenous or subcutaneous injection, once a week or once every other week. Darbepoetin alfa dosage was adjusted to maintain Hb level within the target range. Dosing of darbepoetin alfa was per EU SmPC of Aranesp®. Participants received IV iron supplementation according to the standard of care.

Also known as: Aranesp
ESA (Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agent) treatment
IronDRUG

Oral iron treatment was recommended for supplementation to support erythropoiesis and as first-line treatment for iron deficiency, unless participant was intolerant to this treatment. For participants receiving roxadustat the recommended daily dose was 200 mg of elemental iron. Participants were advised to take roxadustat at least 1 hour before or 1 hour after oral iron. Intravenous iron supplementation for participants receiving roxadustat was allowed if all of the following criteria were met: The participant's Hb level had not responded adequately to roxadustat following two consecutive dose increases or reached the maximum dose limit, and participant's ferritin was \< 100 ng/mL (\< 220 pmol/L) or TSAT \< 20%, or the participant was intolerant of oral iron therapy. For participants treated with epoetin alfa or darbepoetin alfa, IV iron supplementation was given according to standard of care.

ESA (Erythropoiesis Stimulating Agent) treatmentRoxadustat

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsAdult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Participant is on stable hemodialysis (HD), hemodiafiltration (HDF) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) treatment with the same mode of dialysis for ≥4 months prior to randomization.
  • Participant is on IV or SC epoetin or IV or SC darbepoetin alfa treatment for ≥8 weeks prior to randomization with stable weekly doses (during 4 weeks prior to randomization).
  • Mean of the participant's three most recent Hb values, as measured by central laboratory, during the Screening Period.
  • Participant's alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) are ≤3 x upper limit of normal (ULN), and total bilirubin (TBL) is ≤1.5 x ULN

You may not qualify if:

  • Participant has received a red blood cell (RBC) transfusion within 8 weeks prior to randomization.
  • Participant has a known hereditary hematologic disease such as thalassemia or sickle cell anemia, pure red cell aplasia, or other known causes for anemia other than Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).
  • Participant has had a myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome, stroke, seizure, or a thrombotic/thrombo-embolic event (e.g., deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) within 12 weeks prior to randomization.
  • Participant has had uncontrolled hypertension, in the opinion of the investigator, within 2 weeks prior to randomization.
  • Participant has a history of malignancy, except for the following: cancers determined to be cured or in remission for ≥5 years, curatively resected basal cell or squamous cell skin cancers, cervical cancer in situ, or resected colonic polyps.
  • Participant has had any prior organ transplant (that has not been explanted), or participant is scheduled for organ transplantation.

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (143)

Site BE32004

Brussels, Flemish Brabant, 1200, Belgium

Location

Site BE32001

Aalst, 9300, Belgium

Location

Site BE32019

Antwerp, 2020, Belgium

Location

Site BE32002

Antwerp, 2060, Belgium

Location

Site BE32012

Baudour, 7331, Belgium

Location

Site BE32017

Bonheiden, 2820, Belgium

Location

Site BE32003

Leuven, 3000, Belgium

Location

Site BE32013

Liège, 4000, Belgium

Location

Site BE32011

Roeselare, 8800, Belgium

Location

Site BG35925

Blagoevgrad, 2700, Bulgaria

Location

Site BG35931

Haskovo, 6300, Bulgaria

Location

Site BG35915

Pleven, 5800, Bulgaria

Location

Site BG35909

Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria

Location

Site BG35919

Plovdiv, 4003, Bulgaria

Location

Site BG35920

Rousse, 7002, Bulgaria

Location

Site BG35938

Shumen, 9700, Bulgaria

Location

Site BG35924

Sofia, 1309, Bulgaria

Location

Site BG35906

Sofia, 1431, Bulgaria

Location

Site BG35921

Sofia, 1527, Bulgaria

Location

Site BG35907

Stara Zagora, 6000, Bulgaria

Location

Site BG35916

Varna, 9000, Bulgaria

Location

Site BG35918

Varna, 9010, Bulgaria

Location

Site BG35903

Veliko Tarnovo, 5000, Bulgaria

Location

Site BG35937

Yambol, 8600, Bulgaria

Location

Site HR38509

Zagreb, City of Zagreb, 10000, Croatia

Location

Site HR38508

Čakovec, 40000, Croatia

Location

Site HR38505

Karlovac, 47000, Croatia

Location

Site HR38507

Osijek, 31 000, Croatia

Location

Site HR38506

Rijeka, 51000, Croatia

Location

Site HR38504

Slavonski Brod, 35000, Croatia

Location

Site HR38501

Zadar, 23 000, Croatia

Location

Site CZ42008

Liberec, 46063, Czechia

Location

Site CZ42021

Prague, 169 00, Czechia

Location

Site CZ42015

Rakovník, 26929, Czechia

Location

Site FR33005

Amiens, 80054, France

Location

Site FR33010

La Tronche, 38701, France

Location

Site FR33007

Saint Priez En Jarez, 42270, France

Location

Site FR33055

Saint-Ouen, 93400, France

Location

Site FR33056

Valenciennes, 59300, France

Location

Site GE99503

Tbilisi, 0144, Georgia

Location

Site GE99504

Tbilisi, 0144, Georgia

Location

Site GE99508

Tbilisi, 159, Georgia

Location

Site DE49056

Dormagen, North Rhine-Westphalia, 41540, Germany

Location

Site DE49067

Berlin, 10117, Germany

Location

Site DE49073

Cloppenburg, 49661, Germany

Location

Site DE49008

Dresden, 01307, Germany

Location

Site DE49054

Düsseldorf, 40210, Germany

Location

Site DE49020

Frankfurt am Main, 60590, Germany

Location

Site DE49065

Hamburg, 23397, Germany

Location

Site DE49075

Heilbronn, 74076, Germany

Location

Site DE49001

Kaiserslautern, 67655, Germany

Location

Site DE49070

München, 81695, Germany

Location

Site DE49002

Solingen, 42653, Germany

Location

Site DE49071

Villingen-Schwenningen, 78052, Germany

Location

Site HU36033

Baja, 6500, Hungary

Location

Site HU36036

Esztergom, 2500, Hungary

Location

Site HU36031

Győr, 9002, Hungary

Location

Site HU36026

Kaposvár, H 7400, Hungary

Location

Site HU36027

Kistarcsa, 2143, Hungary

Location

Site HU36032

Pécs, 7624, Hungary

Location

Site HU36035

Pécs, 7633, Hungary

Location

Site HU36034

Salgótarján, 3100, Hungary

Location

Site HU36004

Szeged, 6724, Hungary

Location

Site HU36046

Székesfehérvár, 8000, Hungary

Location

Site HU36006

Szombathely, H 9700, Hungary

Location

Site HU36003

Zalsaegerszeg, 8900, Hungary

Location

Site IT39028

Prato, Frazione Di Galciana, 59100, Italy

Location

Site IT39039

Cremona, Lombardy, 26100, Italy

Location

Site IT39014

Mestre, Venezia, 30174, Italy

Location

Site IT39010

Brescia, 25123, Italy

Location

Site IT39008

Lecco, 23900, Italy

Location

Site IT39006

Milan, 20162, Italy

Location

Site IT39037

Modena, 41124, Italy

Location

Site IT39022

Padua, 35128, Italy

Location

Site IT39036

Pavia, 27100, Italy

Location

Site IT39005

Roma, 122, Italy

Location

Site IT39035

Torino, 10126, Italy

Location

Site IT39032

Trieste, 34142, Italy

Location

Site PL48002

Katowice, 40 027, Poland

Location

Site PL48001

Krakow, 30 501, Poland

Location

Site PL48013

Szczecin, 70-111, Poland

Location

Site PL48005

Warsaw, 00 507, Poland

Location

Site PL48006

Wroclaw, 50-556, Poland

Location

Site PL48009

Wroclaw, 51 124, Poland

Location

Site PL48014

Zamość, 20-400, Poland

Location

Site PT35121

Almada, 2800-455, Portugal

Location

Site PT35127

Aveiro, 3800-266, Portugal

Location

Site PT35139

Cascais, 2750-663, Portugal

Location

Site PT35117

Faro, 8005-546, Portugal

Location

Site PT35128

Gaeiras, 2510-702, Portugal

Location

Site PT35114

Leiria, 2400-441, Portugal

Location

Site PT35102

Porto, 4099-001, Portugal

Location

Site PT35122

Setúbal, 2900-655, Portugal

Location

Site RO40018

Bucharest, 011794, Romania

Location

Site RO40003

Bucharest, 22328, Romania

Location

Site RO40015

Bucharest, Romania

Location

Site RO40019

Bucharest, Romania

Location

Site RO40004

Oradea, 410562, Romania

Location

Site RU70008

Kaluga, 248007, Russia

Location

Site RU70051

Moscow, 119992, Russia

Location

Site RU70005

Moscow, 125284, Russia

Location

Site RU70003

Nizhny Novgorod, 603032, Russia

Location

Site RU70004

Omsk, 644112, Russia

Location

Site RU70014

Rostov-on-Don, 344029, Russia

Location

Site RU70072

Saint Petersburg, 190103, Russia

Location

Site RU70011

Saint Petersburg, 196247, Russia

Location

Site RU70002

Saint Petersburg, 197089, Russia

Location

Site RU70030

Saint Petersburg, 197110, Russia

Location

Site RU70050

Saint Petersburg, 197374, Russia

Location

Site RU70006

Smolensk, 214006, Russia

Location

Site RU70037

Volgograd, 404120, Russia

Location

Site RU70001

Yaroslavl, 150062, Russia

Location

Site RS38102

Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

Location

Site RS38105

Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

Location

Site RS38120

Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

Location

Site RS38104

Belgrade, Serbia

Location

Site RS38117

Kruševac, 37000, Serbia

Location

Site RS38101

Niš, Serbia

Location

Site RS38116

Zrenjanin, Serbia

Location

Site SK42102

Košice, 04001, Slovakia

Location

Site SK42119

Levice, 93401, Slovakia

Location

Site SK42120

Lučenec, 984 01, Slovakia

Location

Site SK42113

Púchov, 020 01, Slovakia

Location

Site SK42116

Senica, 90501, Slovakia

Location

Site ES34041

Santiago de Compostela, A Coruna, 15706, Spain

Location

Site ES34009

El Ejido, Almeria, 04700, Spain

Location

Site ES34010

Alcorcón, Madrid, 28922, Spain

Location

Site ES34030

Majadahonda, Madrid, 28222, Spain

Location

Site ES34011

Galdakao, Vizcaya, 48960, Spain

Location

Site ES34002

Badalona-Barcelona, 8916, Spain

Location

Site ES34008

Barcelona, 08025, Spain

Location

Site ES34006

Barcelona, 08035, Spain

Location

Site ES34017

Jaén, 23007, Spain

Location

Site ES34037

Madrid, 28046, Spain

Location

Site ES34052

Valencia, 46017, Spain

Location

Site GB44087

Brighton, EastSussex, BN2 5BD, United Kingdom

Location

Site GB44011

Canterbury, Kent, CT1 3NG, United Kingdom

Location

Site GB44080

Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire, ST4 6QG, United Kingdom

Location

Site GB44008

Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, United Kingdom

Location

Site GB44010

Hull, HU3 2JZ, United Kingdom

Location

Site GB44081

Leicester, LE5 4PW, United Kingdom

Location

Site GB44079

Liverpool, L9 7AL, United Kingdom

Location

Site GB44001

Swansea, SA6 6NL, United Kingdom

Location

Related Publications (2)

  • Hamano T, Yamaguchi Y, Goto K, Martin S, Jiletcovici A, Dellanna F, Akizawa T, Barratt J. Risk Factors for Thromboembolic Events in Patients With Dialysis-Dependent CKD: Pooled Analysis of Four Global Roxadustat Phase 3 Trials. Adv Ther. 2024 Apr;41(4):1553-1575. doi: 10.1007/s12325-023-02728-2. Epub 2024 Feb 16.

  • Natale P, Palmer SC, Jaure A, Hodson EM, Ruospo M, Cooper TE, Hahn D, Saglimbene VM, Craig JC, Strippoli GF. Hypoxia-inducible factor stabilisers for the anaemia of chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2022 Aug 25;8(8):CD013751. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013751.pub2.

Related Links

MeSH Terms

Conditions

AnemiaKidney Failure, ChronicRenal Insufficiency, Chronic

Interventions

roxadustatEpoetin AlfaDarbepoetin alfaIron

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Hematologic DiseasesHemic and Lymphatic DiseasesRenal InsufficiencyKidney DiseasesUrologic DiseasesFemale Urogenital DiseasesFemale Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy ComplicationsUrogenital DiseasesMale Urogenital DiseasesChronic DiseaseDisease AttributesPathologic ProcessesPathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

ErythropoietinColony-Stimulating FactorsGlycoproteinsGlycoconjugatesCarbohydratesHematopoietic Cell Growth FactorsCytokinesIntercellular Signaling Peptides and ProteinsPeptidesAmino Acids, Peptides, and ProteinsProteinsBiological FactorsMetals, HeavyElementsInorganic ChemicalsTransition ElementsMetals

Limitations and Caveats

Overall 838 were randomized to receive treatment. Two participants randomized to the pooled ESA treatment group were excluded due to GCP violations and their data was excluded. Total of 836 were considered randomized.

Results Point of Contact

Title
Clinical Trial Disclosure
Organization
Astellas Pharma Europe B.V.

Study Officials

  • Study Physician

    Astellas Pharma Europe B.V.

    STUDY DIRECTOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
No
Restriction Type
OTHER
Restrictive Agreement
Yes

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 3
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
INDUSTRY
Responsible Party
SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

October 28, 2014

First Posted

October 30, 2014

Study Start

November 21, 2014

Primary Completion

June 8, 2017

Study Completion

July 6, 2018

Last Updated

November 27, 2024

Results First Posted

August 26, 2020

Record last verified: 2024-11

Data Sharing

IPD Sharing
Will share

Access to anonymized individual participant level data collected during the study, in addition to study-related supporting documentation, is planned for studies conducted with approved product indications and formulations, as well as products terminated during development. Studies conducted with product indications or formulations that remain active in development are assessed after study completion to determine if Individual Participant Data can be shared. Further details on Astellas' data sharing policy can be found at https://www.clinicaltrials.astellas.com/transparency/.

Shared Documents
STUDY PROTOCOL, SAP, CSR
Time Frame
Access to participant level data is offered to researchers after publication of the primary manuscript (if applicable) and is available as long as Astellas has legal authority to provide the data.
Access Criteria
Researchers must submit a proposal to conduct a scientifically relevant analysis of the study data. The research proposal is reviewed by an Independent Research Panel. If the proposal is approved, access to the study data is provided in a secure data sharing environment after receipt of a signed Data Sharing Agreement.
More information

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