CrossFit Exercise to Improve Glucose Control for Overweight and Obese Adults

NCT02185872 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: #6058
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 23
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in glucose control, fitness, and body composition between a standard aerobic and resistance exercise training program and a shorter-duration, high-intensity CrossFit training program in overweight and obese physically inactive adults. Hypotheses:

1. 1.Both groups would improve glucose control, with the CrossFit group improving significantly more than the aerobic and resistance training group.
2. 2.Both groups would improve fitness, with the CrossFit group improving significantly more than the aerobic and resistance training group.
3. 3.Both groups would demonstrate decreases in body fat percentage and fat mass and increases in lean body mass, with the CrossFit group improving significantly more than the aerobic and resistance training group.

Conditions

Hyperglycemia

Keywords

Exercise; Physical Fitness; Body Composition, Beneficial

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

• Change from baseline in glucose control.

  Fasting plasma glucose levels were taken after an overnight fast of at least 8 hours. An oral glucose tolerance test was conducted after ingestion of a 75g oral dextrose solution with finger sticks at 30, 45, and 60 minutes from time 0. The following equation was used to calculate glucose area under the curve which was the metric utilized to ascertain changes in glucose control: \[(Time 45 - Time 30) \* ½ (OGTT 30 + OGTT 45)\] + \[(Time 60 - Time 45) \* ½ (OGTT 60 + OGTT 45)\]

  Baseline, Week 10

Secondary Outcomes (9)

• Change from baseline in peak aerobic capacity

  Baseline, Week 10

• Change from baseline in sit and reach

  Baseline, Week 10

• Change from baseline in standing broad jump

  Baseline, Week 10

• Change from baseline in vertical jump

  Baseline, Week 10

• Change from baseline in pushups

  Baseline, Week 10

Other Outcomes (1)

• Time spent completing daily workouts

  24 exercise sessions over 8 weeks

Study Arms (2)

Aerobic and Resistance Training

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Participants completed 24 exercise sessions based on current guidelines. Aerobic exercise (50 min) was performed on machines every session and resistance training (20 min) was performed on machines two sessions per week. Aerobic intensity was prescribed at 40-50% of heart rate reserve (HRR) Weeks 1-4 and 50-60% HRR Weeks 5-8. Resistance training was supervised by an ACE certified personal trainer. One-repetition maximums (1-RM) were assessed Week 1 (i.e., seated bicep curl, military press, seated lat pulldown, seated leg extension, triceps pulldown, bench press, reverse leg curl, seated leg press). For Weeks 2-3 participants completed, 3 sets of 15 reps at 50% 1-RM; Weeks 4-5, 3 sets of 12 reps at 60% 1-RM; Weeks 6-7, 3 sets of 10 reps at 70% 1-RM; Week 8, 3 sets of 8 reps at 75% 1-RM. Three sets of 15 unweighted crunches were completed each day. One minute of rest was taken between each set and each exercise.

Other: Aerobic and Resistance Training

High-intensity functional training

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants completed a total of 24 sessions that were pre-programmed and led by a certified instructor (CrossFit Level 2), which lasted up to 60 minutes in duration. The first two class periods were structured as an introduction to common movements used in high-intensity functional training (HIFT; e.g., squats, deadlift, press, jerks, barbell, dumbbell, and medicine ball cleans, pullups, kettlebell swings, among others). No scheduled workouts were given on days 1 and 2. Beginning on day 3 each HIFT class consisted of 10-15 minutes of stretching and warmup, 10-20 minutes of instruction and practicing techniques and movements, and 5-30 minutes for the workout of the day, performed at vigorous intensity, relative to each person's ability and fitness level. All weights and movements were individually prescribed and recorded for each participant.

Other: High-Intensity Functional Training

Interventions

High-Intensity Functional Training OTHER

Participants were instructed to work as hard as they could while maintaining safe technique and proper form to achieve as many reps or rounds as possible in the prescribed time frame. As HIFT participants became accustomed to specific movements, less time was dedicated to practicing movements and technique.

Also known as: CrossFit

High-intensity functional training

Aerobic and Resistance Training OTHER

The protocol was based upon current guidelines of 150 minutes moderate-intensity aerobic activity and 2 days of muscle strengthening per week.

Aerobic and Resistance Training

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 18 Years - 40 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• body mass index (BMI) of 25 - \< 40, physically inactive (i.e., not participating in any structured exercise programs for the past 2 months and not exceeding 30 total minutes of physical activity per week)

You may not qualify if:

• current smoker, pregnant, taking blood glucose altering medications, heart disease, type 1 or 2 diabetes mellitus, total cholesterol 200 mg/dL or higher

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Kansas State University: lead

Study Sites (1)

Kansas State University

Manhattan, Kansas, 66506, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Heinrich KM, Patel PM, O'Neal JL, Heinrich BS. High-intensity compared to moderate-intensity training for exercise initiation, enjoyment, adherence, and intentions: an intervention study. BMC Public Health. 2014 Aug 3;14:789. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-14-789.

  PMID: 25086646 RESULT

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Hyperglycemia; Motor Activity; Glucocorticoid Receptor Deficiency

Interventions

Resistance Training

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Behavior

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Exercise Therapy; Rehabilitation; Aftercare; Continuity of Patient Care; Patient Care; Therapeutics; Physical Therapy Modalities; Physical Conditioning, Human; Exercise; Motor Activity; Movement; Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena

Study Officials

• Katie M Heinrich, PhD

  Kansas State University

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

• Pratik Patel, MS, RD

  Kansas State University

  STUDY DIRECTOR

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assistant Professor

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: July 3, 2014
• First Posted: July 10, 2014
• Study Start: February 1, 2012
• Primary Completion: May 1, 2012
• Study Completion: May 1, 2012
• Last Updated: March 31, 2015

Record last verified: 2015-03

Locations

US (1)