NCT02163447

Brief Summary

This will be a double-blinded randomized controlled phase III trial of 300 HIV uninfected pregnant women and the children born to them. The study interventions will be divided into two phases. In the first phase, HIV uninfected women at 12-20 weeks gestation will be randomized in equal proportions to one of three intermittent preventive therapy in pregnancy (IPTp) treatment arms: 1) 3 doses of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP), 2) 3 doses of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP), or 3) monthly DP. All three interventions arms will have either SP or DP placebo to ensure adequate blinding is achieved. Follow-up for the pregnant women will end approximately 6 weeks after giving birth. In the second phase of the study, all children born to mothers enrolled in the study will be followed from birth until they reach 36 months of age. Children born to mothers randomized to receive 3 doses of SP during pregnancy will receive DP every 3 months between 2-24 months of age. Children born to mothers randomized to receive 3 doses of DP or monthly DP during pregnancy will receive either DP every 3 months or monthly DP between 2-24 months of age. To ensure adequate blinding, children who will receive DP every 3 months will be given DP placebo during the months they will not be taking DP. Children will then be followed an additional year between 24-36 months of age following the interventions. We will test the hypothesis that IPT with DP will significantly reduce the burden of malaria in pregnancy and infancy and improve the development of naturally acquired antimalarial immunity.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
300

participants targeted

Target at P50-P75 for phase_3

Timeline
Completed

Started Jun 2014

Typical duration for phase_3

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

June 5, 2014

Completed
8 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

June 13, 2014

Completed
10 days until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

June 23, 2014

Completed
3.9 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

May 14, 2018

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

May 14, 2018

Completed
6 months until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

November 14, 2018

Completed
Last Updated

December 18, 2024

Status Verified

December 1, 2024

Enrollment Period

3.9 years

First QC Date

June 5, 2014

Results QC Date

August 17, 2018

Last Update Submit

December 16, 2024

Conditions

Keywords

ChemopreventionMalariaUgandaSulfadoxine-pyrimethamineDihydroartemisinin-piperaquine

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (4)

  • Prevalence of Placental Malaria

    Prevalence of placental malaria based on placental histopathology dichotomized into any evidence of placental infection (parasites or pigment) vs. no evidence and by histopathology as a categorical variable based on Rogerson et al criteria.

    Delivery

  • Incidence of Malaria in Pregnant Women

    Incidence of malaria, defined as the number of incident episodes per time at risk. Incident cases will include all treatments for malaria not proceeded by another treatment in the previous 14 days.

    Time at risk will begin after first dose of study drug and will end when study participants deliver or early study termination

  • Incidence of Malaria in Infants

    Incident cases will include all treatments for malaria not proceeded by another treatment in the previous 14 days. The study investigators will test the hypotheses that A) infants born to mothers randomized to receive IPTp with 3 dose DP or monthly DP will have a lower incidence of malaria during the first 24 months of life compared to infants born to mothers who were randomized to receive IPTp with 3 doses of SP, and, B) infants randomized to receive monthly DP between 2-24 months of age will have a lower incidence of malaria between 24-36 months of age after the intervention is stopped compared to infants randomized q 3 monthly DP between 2-24 months of age.

    Time at risk will begin at birth and will end when study participants reaches 24 months of age or early study termination (if prior to 24 months of age)

  • Incidence of Malaria in Infants

    Incident cases will include all treatments for malaria not proceeded by another treatment in the previous 14 days. The study investigators will test the hypotheses that A) infants born to mothers randomized to receive IPTp with 3 dose DP or monthly DP will have a lower incidence of malaria during the first 24 months of life compared to infants born to mothers who were randomized to receive IPTp with 3 doses of SP, and, B) infants randomized to receive monthly DP between 2-24 months of age will have a lower incidence of malaria between 24-36 months of age after the intervention is stopped compared to infants randomized q 3 monthly DP between 2-24 months of age.

    Time at risk will begin at 24 months of age and will end when study participants reaches 36 months of age or termination

Secondary Outcomes (10)

  • Number of Participants With Blood Samples Positive for Parasites by Microscopy or LAMP

    Delivery

  • Number of Participants With Maternal Blood Samples Positive for Parasites by Microscopy and LAMP at Delivery

    At delivery

  • Number of Participants With One or More Birth Outcomes: Congenital Malformations, Spontaneous Abortion, LBW (<2500g), Still Birth, Pre-term Delivery

    Delivery

  • Prevalence of Anemia in Pregnant Women

    After first dose of study drugs up to delivery or early termination

  • Incidence of Complicated Malaria in Infants

    Birth up to 24 months of age or early study termination

  • +5 more secondary outcomes

Study Arms (5)

3 dose SP pregnancy / 3 monthly DP infancy

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Women will be given SP (3 full strength tabs, 500 mg/25 mg) 3 times during pregnancy at 20, 28, and 36 weeks gestational age. In addition, placebos will be used to mimic the identical dosing strategy such that every 4 weeks women will receive two pills on day 1 (SP and placebo, DP and placebo, or two placebos) followed by one pill on days 2 and 3 (DP or placebo). Two placebos will be used, one that mimics the appearance of SP and one that mimics the appearance of DP. Infants will be given DP (once a day for 3 consecutive days using weight-based guidelines) every 12 weeks between 8 and 104 weeks of age. Infants randomized to receive DP every 12 weeks will receive placebo mimicking the dosing of DP every 4 weeks when they are not receiving study drug.

Drug: 3 dose sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for adult women during pregnancyDrug: 3-monthly dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) for infants

3 dose DP pregnancy / 3 monthly DP infancy

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Women will be given DP (3 full strength tabs, 40 mg/320 mg, given once a day for 3 consecutive days) 3 times during pregnancy at 20, 28, and 36 weeks gestational age. In addition, placebos will be used to mimic the identical dosing strategy such that every 4 weeks women will receive two pills on day 1 (SP and placebo, DP and placebo, or two placebos) followed by one pill on days 2 and 3 (DP or placebo). Two placebos will be used, one that mimics the appearance of SP and one that mimics the appearance of DP. Infants will be given DP (once a day for 3 consecutive days using weight-based guidelines) every 12 weeks between 8 and 104 weeks of age. Infants randomized to receive DP every 12 weeks will receive placebo mimicking the dosing of DP every 4 weeks when they are not receiving study drug.

Drug: 3 dose dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) for adult women during pregnancyDrug: 3-monthly dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) for infants

3 dose DP pregnancy / monthly DP infancy

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Women will be given DP (3 full strength tabs, 40 mg/320 mg, given once a day for 3 consecutive days) 3 times during pregnancy at 20, 28, and 36 weeks gestational age. In addition, placebos will be used to mimic the identical dosing strategy such that every 4 weeks women will receive two pills on day 1 (SP and placebo, DP and placebo, or two placebos) followed by one pill on days 2 and 3 (DP or placebo). Two placebos will be used, one that mimics the appearance of SP and one that mimics the appearance of DP. Infants will be given DP (once a day for 3 consecutive days using weight-based guidelines) every 4 weeks between 8 and 104 weeks of age.

Drug: 3 dose dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) for adult women during pregnancyDrug: Monthly dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) for infants

monthly DP pregnancy / 3 monthly DP infancy

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Women will be given DP (3 full strength tabs, 40 mg/320 mg, given once a day for 3 consecutive days) every 4 weeks during pregnancy. In addition, placebos will be used to mimic the identical dosing strategy such that every 4 weeks women will receive two pills on day 1 (SP and placebo, DP and placebo, or two placebos) followed by one pill on days 2 and 3 (DP or placebo). Two placebos will be used, one that mimics the appearance of SP and one that mimics the appearance of DP. Infants will be given DP (once a day for 3 consecutive days) every 12 weeks between 8 and 104 weeks of age. Infants randomized to receive DP every 12 weeks will receive placebo mimicking the dosing of DP every 4 weeks when they are not receiving study drug.

Drug: Monthly dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) for adult women during pregnancyDrug: 3-monthly dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) for infants

monthly DP pregnancy / monthly DP infancy

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Women will be given DP (3 full strength tabs, 40 mg/320 mg, given once a day for 3 consecutive days) every 4 weeks during pregnancy. In addition, placebos will be used to mimic the identical dosing strategy such that every 4 weeks women will receive two pills on day 1 (SP and placebo, DP and placebo, or two placebos) followed by one pill on days 2 and 3 (DP or placebo). Two placebos will be used, one that mimics the appearance of SP and one that mimics the appearance of DP. Infants will be given DP (once a day for 3 consecutive days) every 4 weeks between 8 and 104 weeks of age.

Drug: Monthly dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) for adult women during pregnancyDrug: Monthly dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) for infants

Interventions

Also known as: Duo-Cotexin (Holley-Cotec)
monthly DP pregnancy / 3 monthly DP infancymonthly DP pregnancy / monthly DP infancy
Also known as: Duo-Cotexin (Holley-Cotec)
3 dose DP pregnancy / 3 monthly DP infancy3 dose DP pregnancy / monthly DP infancy
Also known as: Kamsidar (KPI)
3 dose SP pregnancy / 3 monthly DP infancy
Also known as: Duo-Cotexin (Holley-Cotec)
3 dose DP pregnancy / monthly DP infancymonthly DP pregnancy / monthly DP infancy
Also known as: Duo-Cotexin (Holley-Cotec)
3 dose DP pregnancy / 3 monthly DP infancy3 dose SP pregnancy / 3 monthly DP infancymonthly DP pregnancy / 3 monthly DP infancy

Eligibility Criteria

Age16 Years+
Sexfemale
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • Pregnancy confirmed by positive urine pregnancy test or intrauterine pregnancy by ultrasound
  • Estimated gestational age between 12-20 weeks
  • Confirmed to be HIV uninfected by rapid test
  • years of age or older
  • Residency within 30km of the study clinic
  • Provision of informed consent by the pregnant woman for herself and her unborn child
  • Agreement to come to the study clinic for any febrile episode or other illness and avoid medications given outside the study protocol
  • Plan to deliver in the hospital

You may not qualify if:

  • History of serious adverse event to SP or DP
  • Active medical problem requiring inpatient evaluation at the time of screening
  • Intention of moving more than 30km from the study clinic
  • Chronic medical condition requiring frequent medical attention
  • Prior SP preventive therapy or any other antimalarial therapy during this pregnancy
  • Early or active labor (documented by cervical change with uterine contractions)

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

IDRC Research Clinic -Tororo District Hospital

Tororo, Uganda

Location

Related Publications (11)

  • Kakuru A, Jagannathan P, Muhindo MK, Natureeba P, Awori P, Nakalembe M, Opira B, Olwoch P, Ategeka J, Nayebare P, Clark TD, Feeney ME, Charlebois ED, Rizzuto G, Muehlenbachs A, Havlir DV, Kamya MR, Dorsey G. Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine for the Prevention of Malaria in Pregnancy. N Engl J Med. 2016 Mar 10;374(10):928-39. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1509150.

  • Muhindo MK, Kakuru A, Natureeba P, Awori P, Olwoch P, Ategeka J, Nayebare P, Clark TD, Muehlenbachs A, Roh M, Mpeka B, Greenhouse B, Havlir DV, Kamya MR, Dorsey G, Jagannathan P. Reductions in malaria in pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes following indoor residual spraying of insecticide in Uganda. Malar J. 2016 Aug 26;15(1):437. doi: 10.1186/s12936-016-1489-x.

  • Conrad MD, Mota D, Foster M, Tukwasibwe S, Legac J, Tumwebaze P, Whalen M, Kakuru A, Nayebare P, Wallender E, Havlir DV, Jagannathan P, Huang L, Aweeka F, Kamya MR, Dorsey G, Rosenthal PJ. Impact of Intermittent Preventive Treatment During Pregnancy on Plasmodium falciparum Drug Resistance-Mediating Polymorphisms in Uganda. J Infect Dis. 2017 Nov 15;216(8):1008-1017. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix421.

  • Kapisi J, Kakuru A, Jagannathan P, Muhindo MK, Natureeba P, Awori P, Nakalembe M, Ssekitoleko R, Olwoch P, Ategeka J, Nayebare P, Clark TD, Rizzuto G, Muehlenbachs A, Havlir DV, Kamya MR, Dorsey G, Gaw SL. Relationships between infection with Plasmodium falciparum during pregnancy, measures of placental malaria, and adverse birth outcomes. Malar J. 2017 Oct 5;16(1):400. doi: 10.1186/s12936-017-2040-4.

  • Jagannathan P, Kakuru A, Okiring J, Muhindo MK, Natureeba P, Nakalembe M, Opira B, Olwoch P, Nankya F, Ssewanyana I, Tetteh K, Drakeley C, Beeson J, Reiling L, Clark TD, Rodriguez-Barraquer I, Greenhouse B, Wallender E, Aweeka F, Prahl M, Charlebois ED, Feeney ME, Havlir DV, Kamya MR, Dorsey G. Dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine for intermittent preventive treatment of malaria during pregnancy and risk of malaria in early childhood: A randomized controlled trial. PLoS Med. 2018 Jul 17;15(7):e1002606. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002606. eCollection 2018 Jul.

  • Muhindo MK, Jagannathan P, Kakuru A, Opira B, Olwoch P, Okiring J, Nalugo N, Clark TD, Ruel T, Charlebois E, Feeney ME, Havlir DV, Dorsey G, Kamya MR. Intermittent preventive treatment with dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine and risk of malaria following cessation in young Ugandan children: a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2019 Sep;19(9):962-972. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30299-3. Epub 2019 Jul 12.

  • Conroy AL, Bangirana P, Muhindo MK, Kakuru A, Jagannathan P, Opoka RO, Liechty EA, Nakalembe M, Kamya MR, Dorsey G, John CC. Case Report: Birth Outcome and Neurodevelopment in Placental Malaria Discordant Twins. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2019 Mar;100(3):552-555. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0659.

  • Wallender E, Ali AM, Hughes E, Kakuru A, Jagannathan P, Muhindo MK, Opira B, Whalen M, Huang L, Duvalsaint M, Legac J, Kamya MR, Dorsey G, Aweeka F, Rosenthal PJ, Savic RM. Identifying an optimal dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine dosing regimen for malaria prevention in young Ugandan children. Nat Commun. 2021 Nov 18;12(1):6714. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27051-8.

  • Hughes E, Imperial M, Wallender E, Kajubi R, Huang L, Jagannathan P, Zhang N, Kakuru A, Natureeba P, Mwima MW, Muhindo M, Mwebaza N, Clark TD, Opira B, Nakalembe M, Havlir D, Kamya M, Rosenthal PJ, Dorsey G, Aweeka F, Savic RM. Piperaquine Exposure Is Altered by Pregnancy, HIV, and Nutritional Status in Ugandan Women. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2020 Nov 17;64(12):e01013-20. doi: 10.1128/AAC.01013-20. Print 2020 Nov 17.

  • Whalen ME, Kajubi R, Chamankhah N, Huang L, Orukan F, Wallender E, Kamya MR, Dorsey G, Jagannathan P, Rosenthal PJ, Mwebaza N, Aweeka FT. Reduced Exposure to Piperaquine, Compared to Adults, in Young Children Receiving Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine as Malaria Chemoprevention. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2019 Dec;106(6):1310-1318. doi: 10.1002/cpt.1534. Epub 2019 Jul 22.

  • Savic RM, Jagannathan P, Kajubi R, Huang L, Zhang N, Were M, Kakuru A, Muhindo MK, Mwebaza N, Wallender E, Clark TD, Opira B, Kamya M, Havlir DV, Rosenthal PJ, Dorsey G, Aweeka FT. Intermittent Preventive Treatment for Malaria in Pregnancy: Optimization of Target Concentrations of Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine. Clin Infect Dis. 2018 Sep 14;67(7):1079-1088. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy218.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Malaria

Interventions

fanasil, pyrimethamine drug combination

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Protozoan InfectionsParasitic DiseasesInfectionsMosquito-Borne DiseasesVector Borne Diseases

Results Point of Contact

Title
Dr. Grant Dorsey
Organization
UCSF

Study Officials

  • Grant Dorsey, MD, PhD

    University of California, San Francisco

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Diane V Havlir, MD

    University of California, San Francisco

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Moses Kamya, MBChB, MMed, PhD

    Makerere University; Infectious Diseases Research Collaboration

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
No
Restrictive Agreement
No

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
phase 3
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
QUADRUPLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, CARE PROVIDER, INVESTIGATOR, OUTCOMES ASSESSOR
Purpose
PREVENTION
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
Professor

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

June 5, 2014

First Posted

June 13, 2014

Study Start

June 23, 2014

Primary Completion

May 14, 2018

Study Completion

May 14, 2018

Last Updated

December 18, 2024

Results First Posted

November 14, 2018

Record last verified: 2024-12

Locations