NCT01656057

Brief Summary

The last couple of years it has been shown that bile acids not only acts as simple emulsifiers of fat, but constitutes a complex metabolic integrator which not only have an influence on fat digestion and lipid metabolism, but also modulates the energy expenditure in (brown) adipose tissue and muscle tissue. This action is due to stimulation of the receptor TGR5 by bile acids. Recently scientists have discovered that this receptor in rodents is also expressed on the surface of intestinal L-cells (which normally secrets Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) in response to nutrient stimulation). The stimulation of this receptor has shown a GLP-1 secretion from the intestinal cells which is interesting since GLP-1 has a central role in maintaining normal glucose tolerance and thus blood sugar. Given the above, bile acids has an important impact on intestinal GLP-1 secretion. Whether these scientific findings can be proven in human beings is uncertain. The primary hypothesis is that stimulating gall bladder emptying via Cholecystokinin (CCK) in healthy subjects will result in a significant GLP-1 response. We also hypothesize that adding orally Metformin or a sequestrant ("a bile acid binder") will further enhance this GLP-1 response.

Trial Health

87
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
10

participants targeted

Target at below P25 for not_applicable

Timeline
Completed

Started Jul 2012

Geographic Reach
1 country

1 active site

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

Study Start

First participant enrolled

July 1, 2012

Completed
1 month until next milestone

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

July 31, 2012

Completed
2 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

August 2, 2012

Completed
1.2 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

October 1, 2013

Completed
6 months until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

April 1, 2014

Completed
Last Updated

July 14, 2015

Status Verified

July 1, 2015

Enrollment Period

1.3 years

First QC Date

July 31, 2012

Last Update Submit

July 10, 2015

Conditions

Keywords

Bile acidsGall bladder emptyingHumanGlucagon like peptide 1GLP-1

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • GLP-1 response as incremental area under curve (iAUC)

    -30, -15, 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240

Secondary Outcomes (1)

  • Insulin

    -30, -15, 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240

Other Outcomes (12)

  • c-peptide

    -30, -15, 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240

  • glucagon

    -30, -15, 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240

  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-2

    -30, -15, 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 240

  • +9 more other outcomes

Study Arms (6)

Acetaminophen+saline

EXPERIMENTAL

Acetaminophen tablet 1500 mg via nasogastric tube + i.v. saline

Drug: AcetaminophenOther: Saline

Acetaminophen+CCK

EXPERIMENTAL

Acetaminophen tablet 1500 mg via nasogastric tube + iv. CCK-8, 24 pmol/kg/hour

Drug: AcetaminophenOther: Cholecystokinin-8

Metformin+saline

EXPERIMENTAL

Metformin tablet 1500 mg + Acetaminophen tablet 1500 mg via nasogastric tube + i.v. saline

Drug: AcetaminophenDrug: MetforminOther: Saline

Metformin+CCK

EXPERIMENTAL

Metformin tablet 1500 mg + Acetaminophen tablet 1500 mg via nasogastric tube + iv. CCK-8, 24 pmol/kg/hour

Drug: AcetaminophenDrug: MetforminOther: Cholecystokinin-8

Colesevelam+saline

EXPERIMENTAL

Colesevelam tablet 3750 mg + Acetaminophen tablet 1500 mg via nasogastric tube + iv. saline

Drug: AcetaminophenDrug: ColesevelamOther: Saline

Colesevelam+CCK

EXPERIMENTAL

Colesevelam tablet 3750 mg + Acetaminophen tablet 1500 mg via nasogastric tube + iv. CCK-8, 24 pmol/kg/hour

Drug: AcetaminophenDrug: ColesevelamOther: Cholecystokinin-8

Interventions

Acetaminophen dissolved in 50 ml of water

Also known as: Paracetamol
Acetaminophen+CCKAcetaminophen+salineColesevelam+CCKColesevelam+salineMetformin+CCKMetformin+saline

Metformin + acetaminophen dissolved in 50 ml of water

Metformin+CCKMetformin+saline

Colesevelam + acetaminophen dissolved in 50 ml of water

Colesevelam+CCKColesevelam+saline

iv. infusion of CCK-8, 24 pmol/kg/hour for the first 60 minutes

Also known as: CCK-8
Acetaminophen+CCKColesevelam+CCKMetformin+CCK
SalineOTHER

iv. saline infusion 40 ml/hour for the first 60 minutes

Acetaminophen+salineColesevelam+salineMetformin+saline

Eligibility Criteria

Age18 Years - 40 Years
Sexmale
Healthy VolunteersYes
Age GroupsAdult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

  • HbA1c \< 6,0%
  • Not anaemic
  • Written informed consent

You may not qualify if:

  • Liver disease
  • Nephropathy
  • fasting plasma glucose \> 5,6mM
  • Diabetes running in the family (parents or grandparents)
  • Any medical treatment
  • A former medical history of liver- or bile disease
  • any surgical procedure conducted in the abdomen
  • Body mass index \< 18,5 kg/m2 or \> 25 kg/m2

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

University Hospital of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital, Diabetic Research Division

Copenhagen, Hellerup, 2900, Denmark

Location

Related Publications (1)

  • Rohde U, Sonne DP, Christensen M, Hansen M, Bronden A, Torang S, Rehfeld JF, Holst JJ, Vilsboll T, Knop FK. Cholecystokinin-Induced Gallbladder Emptying and Metformin Elicit Additive Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Responses. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2016 May;101(5):2076-83. doi: 10.1210/jc.2016-1133. Epub 2016 Mar 22.

MeSH Terms

Interventions

AcetaminophenMetforminColesevelam Hydrochloridedesulfated sincalideSincalideSodium Chloride

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

AcetanilidesAnilidesAmidesOrganic ChemicalsAniline CompoundsAminesBiguanidesGuanidinesAmidinesAllylamineAllyl CompoundsAlkenesHydrocarbons, AcyclicHydrocarbonsCholecystokininGastrointestinal HormonesHormonesHormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone AntagonistsPeptidesAmino Acids, Peptides, and ProteinsChloridesHydrochloric AcidChlorine CompoundsInorganic ChemicalsSodium Compounds

Study Officials

  • Ulrich Rohde, MD

    Diabetic Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Gentofte Hospital

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
DOUBLE
Who Masked
PARTICIPANT, INVESTIGATOR
Purpose
BASIC SCIENCE
Intervention Model
SINGLE GROUP
Sponsor Type
OTHER
Responsible Party
SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
PI Title
MD, Ph.D.

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

July 31, 2012

First Posted

August 2, 2012

Study Start

July 1, 2012

Primary Completion

October 1, 2013

Study Completion

April 1, 2014

Last Updated

July 14, 2015

Record last verified: 2015-07

Locations