NCT00255840

Brief Summary

The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of several anti-HIV treatment strategies in resource-poor South African communities. The strategies being studied are using specially trained doctors or nurses to administer HIV care.

Trial Health

100
On Track

Trial Health Score

Automated assessment based on enrollment pace, timeline, and geographic reach

Enrollment
812

participants targeted

Target at P75+ for not_applicable hiv-infections

Timeline
Completed

Started Jul 2006

Status
completed

Health score is calculated from publicly available data and should be used for screening purposes only.

Trial Relationships

Click on a node to explore related trials.

Study Timeline

Key milestones and dates

First Submitted

Initial submission to the registry

November 16, 2005

Completed
5 days until next milestone

First Posted

Study publicly available on registry

November 21, 2005

Completed
7 months until next milestone

Study Start

First participant enrolled

July 1, 2006

Completed
2.5 years until next milestone

Primary Completion

Last participant's last visit for primary outcome

January 1, 2009

Completed
Same day until next milestone

Study Completion

Last participant's last visit for all outcomes

January 1, 2009

Completed
2.5 years until next milestone

Results Posted

Study results publicly available

June 16, 2011

Completed
Last Updated

June 21, 2011

Status Verified

June 1, 2011

Enrollment Period

2.5 years

First QC Date

November 16, 2005

Results QC Date

March 2, 2011

Last Update Submit

June 17, 2011

Conditions

Keywords

Treatment Naive

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

  • Cumulative Treatment Failure Rate of Participants on First Line Antiretroviral Therapy Monitored by Primary Health Care Nurses (Investigative Arm)is Not Inferior to the Cumulative Treatment Failure Rate of Participants Monitored by Doctors (Control Arm).

    Cumulative treatment failure is a composite endpoint made up of death, virological failure, toxicity failure and protocol-defined loss to follow-up failure.

    96 weeks

Secondary Outcomes (4)

  • To Compare Subject Adherence to First Line Antiretroviral Treatment as Measured by Pill Count, Between the Two Primary Health Care Monitoring Models.

    Throughout study

  • Drug Resistance HIV Mutations, Defined by Demonstration of Virologic Failure

    Throughout the study

  • To Compare the Overall Clinical Safety of Antiretroviral Therapy, as Measured by the Occurrence of Clinical and Laboratory Grade 3 and 4 Adverse Events, Between Primary Health Care Monitoring Arms.

    Throughout study

  • To Estimate the Total and Incremental Costs, From the Provider and Societal Perspectives, of the Two Approaches (the Primary Health Care Sister and Doctor) to the Provision of Antiretrovirals in Primary Health Care Services in Each Study Site.

    Throughout study

Study Arms (2)

A

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Study-specified Antiretroviral regimen under care of HIV-trained medical doctor

Behavioral: Monitoring by an HIV-trained medical doctorDrug: EfavirenzDrug: LamivudineDrug: Lopinavir/RitonavirDrug: NevirapineDrug: Stavudine

B

ACTIVE COMPARATOR

Study-specified Antiretroviral regimen under care of HIV-trained primary care nurse

Behavioral: Monitoring by an HIV-trained primary care nurseDrug: EfavirenzDrug: LamivudineDrug: Lopinavir/RitonavirDrug: NevirapineDrug: Stavudine

Interventions

Participants will receive care from an HIV-trained medical doctor

A

Participants will receive care from an HIV-trained primary care nurse

B

600 mg tablet taken orally daily

Also known as: EFV
AB

150 mg tablet taken orally daily

Also known as: 3TC
AB

400 mg lopinavir/100mg ritonavir tablet taken orally twice daily

Also known as: LPV/RTV
AB

200 mg tablet taken orally for 14 days before taking a 200 mg tablet orally twice daily

Also known as: NVP
AB

Tablet taken orally daily. Dosage depends on weight.

Also known as: d4T
AB

Eligibility Criteria

Age16 Years+
Sexall
Healthy VolunteersNo
Age GroupsChild (0-17), Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)

You may qualify if:

  • HIV-1 infected
  • Current severe CDC Category B AIDS-defining illness (with the exception of a single episode of bacterial sepsis or a single episode of zoster), OR history of a severe CDC Category B or C AIDS-defining illness, OR one CD4 count less than 350 cells/mm3 within 6 months prior to study entry
  • Antiretroviral naive. A participant who previously received 6 weeks or less of post-exposure prophylaxis or short course therapy for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission are not excluded. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
  • Willing to use acceptable forms of contraception
  • Parent or guardian willing to provide informed consent, if applicable

You may not qualify if:

  • Current newly diagnosed CDC Category C AIDS-defining opportunistic infection or condition requiring acute therapy at the time of study entry. More information on this criterion can be found in the protocol.
  • Therapy with agents with significant systemic myelosuppressive, neurotoxic, pancreatotoxic, hepatotoxic, or cytotoxic potential within 30 days prior to study entry
  • Require certain medications
  • Current alcohol or substance abuse that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with the study
  • Uncontrolled diarrhea (more than 6 stools per day for 7 consecutive days) within 30 days prior to study entry
  • Diagnosis of or suspected acute hepatitis within 30 days prior to study entry
  • Signs or symptoms of bilateral peripheral neuropathy of Grade 2 or greater at screening
  • Inability to tolerate oral medication
  • Any other clinical condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, may interfere with the study
  • In the first trimester of pregnancy

Contact the study team to confirm eligibility.

Sponsors & Collaborators

Related Publications (6)

  • Hosseinipour MC, Kazembe PN, Sanne IM, van der Horst CM. Challenges in delivering antiretroviral treatment in resource poor countries. AIDS. 2002;16 Suppl 4:S177-87. doi: 10.1097/00002030-200216004-00024. No abstract available.

    PMID: 12699015BACKGROUND
  • Sanne I, van der Horst C. Research as a path to wide-scale implementation of antiretroviral therapy in Africa. J HIV Ther. 2004 Sep;9(3):65-8.

    PMID: 15534564BACKGROUND
  • Wools-Kaloustian K, Kimaiyo S. Extending HIV care in resource-limited settings. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2006 Nov;3(4):182-6. doi: 10.1007/s11904-006-0014-1.

    PMID: 17032578BACKGROUND
  • Brehm JH, Koontz DL, Wallis CL, Shutt KA, Sanne I, Wood R, McIntyre JA, Stevens WS, Sluis-Cremer N, Mellors JW; CIPRA-SA Project 1 Study Team. Frequent emergence of N348I in HIV-1 subtype C reverse transcriptase with failure of initial therapy reduces susceptibility to reverse-transcriptase inhibitors. Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Sep;55(5):737-45. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis501. Epub 2012 May 22.

  • Orrell C, Cohen K, Conradie F, Zeinecker J, Ive P, Sanne I, Wood R. Efavirenz and rifampicin in the South African context: is there a need to dose-increase efavirenz with concurrent rifampicin therapy? Antivir Ther. 2011;16(4):527-34. doi: 10.3851/IMP1780.

  • Sanne I, Orrell C, Fox MP, Conradie F, Ive P, Zeinecker J, Cornell M, Heiberg C, Ingram C, Panchia R, Rassool M, Gonin R, Stevens W, Truter H, Dehlinger M, van der Horst C, McIntyre J, Wood R; CIPRA-SA Study Team. Nurse versus doctor management of HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (CIPRA-SA): a randomised non-inferiority trial. Lancet. 2010 Jul 3;376(9734):33-40. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60894-X.

MeSH Terms

Conditions

HIV Infections

Interventions

efavirenzLamivudineLopinavirNevirapineStavudine

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Blood-Borne InfectionsCommunicable DiseasesInfectionsSexually Transmitted Diseases, ViralSexually Transmitted DiseasesLentivirus InfectionsRetroviridae InfectionsRNA Virus InfectionsVirus DiseasesGenital DiseasesUrogenital DiseasesImmunologic Deficiency SyndromesImmune System Diseases

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

ZalcitabineDeoxycytidineCytidinePyrimidine NucleosidesPyrimidinesHeterocyclic Compounds, 1-RingHeterocyclic CompoundsDeoxyribonucleosidesNucleosidesNucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and NucleosidesDideoxynucleosidesPyrimidinonesPyridinesThymidine

Limitations and Caveats

The study design did not address nurse-initiated ART because the prescription of ART in South Africa is restricted to doctors. We noted a high rate of loss to follow-up, but this rate was similar to other resource-constrained settings.

Results Point of Contact

Title
Dr Ian Sanne
Organization
CIPRA-SA

Study Officials

  • James McIntyre, MBChB, MRCOG

    Perinatal HIV Research Unit, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Ian Sanne, MBChB

    University of the Witwatersrand, Thembaletu Clinic, Helen Joseph Hospital

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR
  • Robin Wood, MBChB, FCP (SA)

    Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town

    PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Publication Agreements

PI is Sponsor Employee
Yes

Study Design

Study Type
interventional
Phase
not applicable
Allocation
RANDOMIZED
Masking
NONE
Purpose
TREATMENT
Intervention Model
PARALLEL
Sponsor Type
NETWORK

Study Record Dates

First Submitted

November 16, 2005

First Posted

November 21, 2005

Study Start

July 1, 2006

Primary Completion

January 1, 2009

Study Completion

January 1, 2009

Last Updated

June 21, 2011

Results First Posted

June 16, 2011

Record last verified: 2011-06