Removal of the Ovaries/Fallopian Tubes and CA-125 Screening to Reduce the Risk of Ovarian Cancer in Women at Increased Genetic Risk

NCT00043472 | Completed

• 2 other identifiers: 02026802-C-0268
• Study Type: observational
• Target: 40
• Locations: 1 country
• Sites: 1

Brief Summary

This study will evaluate women who are at increased genetic risk of developing ovarian cancer because they or a close relative have a mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene (the genes that cause most of the genetic forms of ovarian cancer) or because they have a very strong family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer. The study has two aspects. There will be two groups of subjects in this study. One group of women who will have their ovaries and fallopian tubes surgically removed as a prophylactic (preventive) measure against developing ovarian/fallopian tube cancer. These women will be studied to determine whether the surgery does, in fact, decrease the risk of ovarian or tubal cancer and whether it decreases the risk of breast and other cancers. The tissue removed at surgery will also be investigated to see whether a new way of examining the ovaries after they are removed provides better information about cancer-related tissue changes. A second group of subjects will be women who choose not to have preventive surgery. These women will be followed closely to see if screening with multiple CA-125 blood testing over time (see below) can detect ovarian or tubal cancers in their early stages. Both groups of women will undergo examination of the process by which women decide upon various options for lowering their ovarian cancer risk and a detailed assessment of how their choice impacts their quality of life. It will look at how those who opt for ovariectomy feel after their surgery and how those who choose screening feel during the time of screening. All participants will undergo the following procedures:

• Medical history, physical examination, and blood drawing upon entering the study, including blood samples for future ovarian cancer research.
• Screening mammogram, CA-125 blood test, and transvaginal ultrasound upon entering the study, with yearly repeat mammograms for all participants and yearly transvaginal ultrasound exams for women in the screening arm of the study. CA-125 is a protein found in the blood whose levels are elevated in most women with ovarian cancer. Transvaginal ultrasound is a way of taking pictures of the ovaries using sound waves. If the results of these tests are not normal, additional tests may be required to learn the reason for the abnormality.
• Questionnaires about personal, medical and family history, ovarian cancer risk factors, medication use, medical choices, and quality of life on entering the study, with repeat quality of life and medication use questionnaires every 6 months during the study period.
• Blood samples for follow-up visits and for CA-125 testing every 3 months as a screen for ovarian/fallopian tube cancers. Some blood from these samples will be saved for future ovarian cancer research.
• Semi-annual report during the duration of the study regarding health and quality of life changes that occur over the prior 6-month period. Researchers will use the pattern and rate of change of CA-125 levels over time in women in the screening group to decide if more tests are needed to test for ovarian cancer. Women in the surgery portion will undergo surgical removal of their ovaries and fallopian tubes. The removed tissues will be studied using new methods to examine the cells more closely than usual, and a portion of the tissues will be stored for future research on ovarian cancer. This study is being conducted in collaboration with the Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG), and is designated GOG Protocol 0199. Subjects may join the study at any participating GOG institution (http://www.gog.org).

Conditions

Breast Cancer; Ovarian Cancer

Keywords

Screening; Oophorectomy; Hereditary; Genetics; Cancer

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (5)

• To determine the prospective incidence of ovarian cancer, breastcancer, primary peritoneal carcinoma, and all cancer among women at increased risk of ovarian cancer, with a special emphasis on womenwho are known BRCA1/2 mutation carriers

  1\. Greene MH, et al.: A prospective study of riskreducing salpingooophorectomy and longitudinal CA-125 screening among women at increased genetic risk of ovarian cancer: design andbaseline characteristics: Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008; 17:594-604 2. Mai PL, . Greene MH, Piedmonte M, Walker JL. Prospective risk of breast and ovarian cancer in GOG-0199 participants undergoing RRSO versus ROCA screening. Manuscript submitted (J Natl Cancer Inst)

  Analysis complete

• To assess prospectively the prevalence of clinically occult ovarian cancer and fallopian tube cancer among women undergoingprophylactic salpingooophorectomy, and to seek evidence of precursor lesions in the excised ovaries and fallopian tubes...

  1\. Sherman ME\*, Piedmonte M\*, Mai PL\* .Greene MH, et al. Pathologic Findings in Risk-Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy (RRSO):Primary Results from Gynecologic Oncology Group Trial GOG-0199. J Clin Oncol 2014; 32(29):3275-83 2. Bremer RC, Sherman ME, Ioffe OB, Ronnett BM, Piedmonte M, Greene MH, Mai PL. Fallopian tubalepithelial atypia findings and reproducibility in high risk women. Manuscript submitted (Int J Gyn Pathol)

  Analysis Complete.

• To quantify the positive predictive value and specificity of the Risk of Ovarian Cancer Algorithm (ROCA) based on serial CA-125 measurements for ovarian cancer in women who have elected not to undergo RRSO.

  Skates SJ, Greene MH, et al.: Early Detection of Ovarian Cancer using the Risk of Ovarian Cancer Algorithm with Frequent CA125 Testing in Women at Increased Familial Risk Combined Results from TwoScreening Trials. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23(14):3628-3637

  Analysis Complete.

• To assess baseline and prospective quality of life andmedical decision-making as a function of various management strategies among study participants.

  1\. Mai PL, . Greene MH, Hensley ML: Prospective follow-up of quality of life for participants undergoing riskreducing salpingooophorectomyor ovarian cancer screening in GOG- 0199: An NRG Oncology/GOGstudy. Manuscript submitted (Gynecologic Oncology)2. Mai PL, . Greene MH, Huang HQ, Wenzel L. Factors associated with deciding between risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy andovarian cancer screening among high-risk women in GOG-0199: An NRG Oncology /GOG Study. Gynecologic Oncology 2017; 145(1):122-129

  Analysis Complete.

• Establish a longitudinal serum, plasma and tissue repository for retrospective evaluation of other promising biomarkers and geneticalterations with special relevance to familial (genetic or otherwise) ovarian and breast cancer risk.

  The GOG-0199 repository, maintained at the NRG/GOG Tissue Bank in Columbus OH contains: frozen whole blood, extracted DNA, sequential serum and plasma samples (q 3 mos in ROCA arm; q 6mos in RRSO arm), snapfrozen ovarian (L,R) and fallopian tube (L,R) tissue, peritoneal lavage samples, ascites, snap-frozen tumor tissue. Specimens used for (to date):-Serial CA-125 measurements (ROCA)-GWAS genotyping-MLPA assays for BRCA deletions, CNV-Central pathology review-Hormone assays pre-, post-RRSO

  Task Complete. Materialsavailable for ongoingtranslational research studies

Study Arms (2)

1

Eligible women at least one intact ovary who have signed written, informed consent that they will undergo screening as per protocol.

2

Eligible women with at least one intact ovary who have signed written, informed consent that they will undergo risk reducing surgery

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 19 Years - 100 Years
• Sex: female
• Healthy Volunteers: No
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64), Older Adult (65+)
• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Eligible study participants were at least 30 years of age (no upper age limit), had at least one intact ovary, had no prior personal history of ovarian cancer, and were either documented carriers of deleterious germline mutations in BRCA1/BRCA2 or, if not tested, have greater than or equal to 20% estimated probability of being a mutation carrier, based on their family history. Enrollees chose between participating in a novel ovarian cancer screening study (using ROCA, the risk of ovarian cancer algorithm) or undergoing bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. Extensive biospecimens and questionnaire data were collected, including a major behavioral/psychosocial component. All participants were followed prospectively for 5 years.

You may qualify if:

• To be considered at increased genetic risk of OC, subjects must have:
• Age greater than or equal to 30;
• No prior history of OC, including low malignant potential cancers (LMP), or primary papillary serous carcinoma of the peritoneum;
• At least one intact ovary:
• Satisfied one of the following additional criteria:
• The family of the subject has a documented deleterious BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation - either:
• the subject herself has tested positive for a deleterious BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation; OR
• the subject has a first- or second-degree relative with a deleterious BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation
• The family contains at least two ovarian and/or breast cancers among the subject or first- or second-degree relatives of the subject within the same lineage. This condition is satisfied by multiple primary cancers in the same person. Where breast cancer is required to meet this criterion, at least one breast cancer must have been diagnosed prior to menopause (age at diagnosis less than or equal to 50 if age at menopause is unknown); OR
• The subject is of Ashkenazi Jewish ethnicity with one first-degree or two second-degree relatives with breast and/or OC. Where breast cancer is required to meet this criterion, at least one case must have been diagnosed prior to menopause (or at age less than or equal to 50, if age at menopause is unknown).
• The subject is of Ashkenazi ancestry and has had breast cancer herself. To meet this criterion, her breast cancer must have been diagnosed prior to menopause (age at diagnosis less than or equal to 50 if age at menopause is unknown).
• The probability of carrying a BRCA1/2 mutation given the family pedigree of breast and OCs exceeds 20% as calculated by BRCAPRO.
• Note: BRCAPRO does NOT need to be calculated on everyone who enters the study. Patients are eligible based on a family history which meets one of the specific patterns described in this protocol, regardless of BRCAPRO results. BRCAPRO assessment is valuable in families where genetic testing has not been done, and the family history does not fit one of the specific patterns described, but the pattern of cancers leads you to believe that the family might still be considered high-risk. At that point, if the BRCAPRO estimate of being a mutation carrier is greater than 20 percent, then the patient IS eligible.
• Signed an approved informed consent and authorization permitting release of personal health information.

You may not qualify if:

• A first- or second-degree relative has a deleterious BRCA1/2 mutation, and the subject has tested NEGATIVE for the exact same mutation.
• Women who are currently pregnant or planning pregnancy during the study.
• Women who are participating in another OC early detection trial (except for the ROCA study being run by the Cancer Genetics Network. Women who have enrolled in the ROCA study and who subsequently choose to undergo surgery may enroll in the surgical cohort of GOG 0199).
• Women with psychiatric, psychological or other conditions which prevent fully informed consent.
• Women with current untreated malignancy (excluding non-melanoma skin cancer).
• Women with adjuvant radiation therapy or chemotherapy within the past 1 month (31 days). For purposes of this study, any biologic agent administered with an anti-cancer therapeutic intent (e.g., Herceptin) will also not be permitted.
• Women who have been treated for prior metastatic malignant disease within the past 5 years.
• Women who have undergone intraperitoneal surgery within the prior 3 months (includes laparoscopy).
• Women who have had both ovaries removed prior to study entry.
• Women with a history of any medical condition which places the subject at risk related to the need for donating blood for research purposes, e.g., chronic infectious diseases, severe anemia, hemophilia.
• Note: Enrollment of women in whom there is a significant pre-operative clinical suspicion that there might exist ovarian or fallopian tube caner should be avoided. The intent of the study is to ascertain subjects who are contemplating a risk-reducing, rather than a therapeutic, procedure. Women with findings of uncertain significant on baseline TVUS remain eligible.

Sponsors & Collaborators

• National Cancer Institute (NCI): lead

Study Sites (1)

National Institutes of Health Clinical Center

Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, United States

Location

Related Publications (1)

• Mai PL, Miller A, Black A, Falk RT, Boggess JF, Tucker K, Stuckey AR, Rodriguez GC, Wong C, Amatruda TT, Wilkinson KJ, Modesitt SC, Yamada SD, Bixel KL, Glaser GE, Rose PG, Greene MH, Sherman ME. Effect of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy on sex steroid hormone serum levels among postmenopausal women: an NRG Oncology/Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2022 Jul;227(1):61.e1-61.e18. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.02.022. Epub 2022 Feb 22.

  PMID: 35216968 DERIVED

Related Links

• NIH Clinical Center Detailed Web Page

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Breast Neoplasms; Ovarian Neoplasms; Neoplasms

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Neoplasms by Site; Breast Diseases; Skin Diseases; Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases; Endocrine Gland Neoplasms; Ovarian Diseases; Adnexal Diseases; Genital Diseases, Female; Female Urogenital Diseases; Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications; Urogenital Diseases; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Urogenital Neoplasms; Genital Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Gonadal Disorders

Study Officials

• Sharon A Savage, M.D.

  National Cancer Institute (NCI)

  PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

Study Design

• Study Type: observational
• Observational Model: COHORT
• Time Perspective: OTHER
• Sponsor Type: NIH
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: June 19, 2006
• First Posted: August 9, 2002
• Study Start: July 9, 2003
• Last Updated: May 7, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-03-20

Locations

US (1)