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Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

Change in Pain Intensity Measured by the Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
Pain intensity will be assessed using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before the first treatment session and after completion of the eight treatment sessions. Changes in pain intensity will be evaluated and compared between the paraffin wax therapy and dry cupping groups.
From baseline (before the first treatment session) to completion of the 4-week intervention period (after the eighth treatment session).

Secondary Outcomes (1)

Change in Wrist Joint Functional Performance Measured by the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index (HAQ-DI)
From baseline (before the first treatment session) to the end of the 4-week intervention period (after the eighth treatment session).

Study Arms (2)

Paraffin wax therapy

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants assigned to this group will receive paraffin wax therapy for the wrist and hand joints at a temperature of 45 ± 1°C. The treatment will involve eight successive dips, followed by wrapping the treated area for 15 minutes. The intervention will be administered twice weekly for four weeks, for a total of eight sessions.

Procedure: Paraffin Wax Therapy

Dry cupping

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants assigned to this group will receive dry cupping therapy using suction cups applied to the designated treatment points around the wrist and hand. The procedure will be performed without skin incision or bloodletting. The treatment points, suction intensity, session duration, and frequency will follow the approved study protocol.

Procedure: Dry cupping

Interventions

Paraffin Wax TherapyProcedure

Paraffin wax therapy will be applied to the wrist and hand joints at a temperature of 45 ± 1°C. The treatment will involve eight successive dips, followed by wrapping the treated area for 15 minutes. Sessions will be conducted twice weekly for four weeks, for a total of eight sessions.

Paraffin wax therapy

Dry cuppingProcedure

Dry cupping therapy will be administered using suction cups applied to designated treatment points around the wrist and hand, without skin incision or bloodletting. The treatment points, suction intensity, session duration, and frequency will follow the approved study protocol.

Eligibility Criteria

Age20 Years - 60 Years

Sexall

Healthy VolunteersNo

Age GroupsAdult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

\. Age 20-60 years. 2. Diagnosis of RA fulfilling the 2010 ACR/EULAR classification criteria (14). 3. Seropositive for Rheumatoid Factor (RF). 4. Stable dose of conventional RA medications Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs) such as Ibuprofen and Naproxen, csDMARDs (Conventional Synthetic Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs) such as Methotrexate and Hydroxychloroquine, bDMARDs (Biologic Disease-Modifying Anti-Rheumatic Drugs) such as Infliximab and Adalimumab for ≥ 3 months prior to enrollment and agreement to maintain stable regimen during the study period.

You may not qualify if:

Related Publications (29)

Tokem Y, Akyol AD, Argon G. The relationship between disability and self-care agency of Turkish people with rheumatoid arthritis. J Clin Nurs. 2007 Mar;16(3A):44-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2702.2006.01742.x.

PMID: 17518868BACKGROUND

Moura CC, Chaves ECL, Cardoso ACLR, Nogueira DA, Correa HP, Chianca TCM. Cupping therapy and chronic back pain: systematic review and meta-analysis. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem. 2018 Nov 14;26:e3094. doi: 10.1590/1518-8345.2888.3094.

PMID: 30462793BACKGROUND

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Rheumatic FeverArthritis, RheumatoidPain

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Streptococcal InfectionsGram-Positive Bacterial InfectionsBacterial InfectionsBacterial Infections and MycosesInfectionsArthritisJoint DiseasesMusculoskeletal DiseasesRheumatic DiseasesConnective Tissue DiseasesSkin and Connective Tissue DiseasesAutoimmune Diseases

Study Design

Study Type

interventional

Phase

not applicable

Allocation

RANDOMIZED

Masking

NONE

Purpose

TREATMENT

Intervention Model

PARALLEL

Model Details: This study uses a randomized, parallel-group interventional design involving patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Participants are randomly assigned to one of two groups. The first group receives paraffin wax therapy, while the second group receives dry cupping therapy. Each participant receives only the intervention assigned to their group. Outcomes are compared between the two groups to evaluate the effects of the interventions on pain intensity and wrist joint functional performance.

Sponsor Type

OTHER

Responsible Party

PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

PI Title

PhD Nursing Student and Principal Investigator

Effects of Paraffin Wax Therapy and Dry Cupping on Pain and Wrist Function in Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis

Brief Summary

Registry Overview

Trial Relationships

Study Timeline

First Submitted

Study Start

First Posted

Primary Completion

Study Completion

Conditions

Keywords

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

Secondary Outcomes (1)

Study Arms (2)

Paraffin wax therapy

Dry cupping

Interventions

Eligibility Criteria

You may qualify if:

You may not qualify if:

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Related Publications (29)

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Central Study Contacts

Study Design

Study Record Dates

Data Sharing

Source record

Locations

Brief Summary

Registry Overview

Trial Relationships

Related Scientific Literature

Study Timeline

First Submitted

Study Start

First Posted

Primary Completion

Study Completion

Conditions

Keywords

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (1)

Secondary Outcomes (1)

Study Arms (2)

Paraffin wax therapy

Dry cupping

Interventions

Eligibility Criteria

You may qualify if:

You may not qualify if:

Sponsors & Collaborators

Study Sites (1)

Related Publications (29)

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Central Study Contacts

Study Design

Study Record Dates

Data Sharing

Source record

Locations