Obesity and Clinical and Cytokine Responses to Periodontal Therapy

NCT07869277 | Completed

• 1 other identifier: 22/08/2104-14
• Study Type: interventional
• Target: 80
• Locations: 0 countries
• Sites: N/A

Brief Summary

This prospective controlled clinical study included 80 participants allocated into four groups according to body mass index (BMI) and periodontal status: obese periodontitis, normal-weight periodontitis, obese periodontally healthy, and normal-weight periodontally healthy. Clinical periodontal parameters and salivary levels of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, and adiponectin were assessed at baseline in all participants. Individuals with periodontitis received non-surgical periodontal therapy, and clinical and biochemical evaluations were repeated after 3 months.

Conditions

Periodontitis; Obesity (Body Mass Index >30 kg/m2)

Keywords

obesity; inflammation; periodontal therapy; saliva; cytokines

Outcome Measures

Primary Outcomes (2)

• Change in Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) After Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy

  Probing pocket depth (PPD) was measured in millimeters using a Williams periodontal probe at baseline and at the 3-month follow-up. The change from baseline to 3 months was calculated to assess the clinical response to non-surgical periodontal therapy.

  Baseline to 3 months

• Change in Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) After Non-Surgical Periodontal Therapy

  Clinical attachment level (CAL) was measured in millimeters using a Williams periodontal probe at baseline and at the 3-month follow-up. The change from baseline to 3 months was calculated to assess the clinical response to non-surgical periodontal therapy.

  Baseline to 3 months

Study Arms (4)

Obese Patients with Periodontitis

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m² diagnosed with periodontitis. Clinical periodontal parameters and salivary inflammatory biomarkers were recorded at baseline. Non-surgical periodontal therapy (scaling and root planing) was performed, and clinical and biochemical outcomes were re-evaluated following treatment.

Procedure: Scaling and Root Planing (SRP)

Normal weight + Periodontitis

EXPERIMENTAL

Participants with a BMI between 18.5-24.9 kg/m² diagnosed with periodontitis. Baseline clinical periodontal measurements and salivary inflammatory biomarkers were assessed. Non-surgical periodontal therapy was provided, and post-treatment clinical and inflammatory responses were analyzed.

Procedure: Scaling and Root Planing (SRP)

Participants with a BMI between 18.5-24.9 kg/m² diagnosed with periodontitis. Baseline clinical peri

NO INTERVENTION

Participants with a BMI ≥30 kg/m² and no clinical signs of periodontitis. Clinical periodontal parameters and salivary inflammatory biomarkers were assessed at baseline. No periodontal treatment was administered.

Normal weight healthy

NO INTERVENTION

articipants with a BMI between 18.5-24.9 kg/m² and clinically healthy periodontal tissues. Baseline clinical and salivary inflammatory parameters were recorded. No intervention was performed.

Interventions

Scaling and Root Planing (SRP) PROCEDURE

Non-surgical periodontal therapy consisting of scaling and root planing was performed using hand and ultrasonic instruments under local anesthesia when necessary. Supra- and subgingival plaque and calculus were removed. Oral hygiene instructions were provided to all participants. Treatment was completed within the standard clinical protocol.

Normal weight + Periodontitis; Obese Patients with Periodontitis

Eligibility Criteria

• Age: 25 Years - 50 Years
• Sex: all
• Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Age Groups: Adult (18-64)

You may qualify if:

• For periodontitis groups: diagnosis of periodontitis according to clinical criteria (presence of periodontal pockets and clinical attachment loss)
• For healthy control groups: absence of clinical signs of periodontitis
• Body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m² for obese groups
• Body mass index (BMI) 18.5-24.9 kg/m² for normal-weight groups
• Systemically healthy individuals
• No periodontal treatment within the previous 6 months
• Willingness to participate and provide informed consent -

You may not qualify if:

• Use of antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, or immunosuppressive medications within the past 3 months
• Periodontal treatment within the previous 6 months
• Current pregnancy or lactation
• History of smoking or current tobacco use
• Presence of acute oral infections other than periodontitis
• Any condition that could interfere with study participation or outcome assessment

Sponsors & Collaborators

• Emine Çifcibaşı: lead
• Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa: collaborator

MeSH Terms

Conditions

Periodontitis; Obesity; Inflammation

Interventions

Tooth Exfoliation; Root Planing

Condition Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Periodontal Diseases; Mouth Diseases; Stomatognathic Diseases; Overweight; Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Body Weight; Signs and Symptoms; Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms; Pathologic Processes

Intervention Hierarchy (Ancestors)

Dental Physiological Phenomena; Digestive System and Oral Physiological Phenomena; Dental Scaling; Dental Prophylaxis; Periodontics; Dentistry; Subgingival Curettage; Preventive Dentistry

Study Design

• Study Type: interventional
• Phase: not applicable
• Allocation: NON RANDOMIZED
• Masking: NONE
• Purpose: TREATMENT
• Intervention Model: PARALLEL
• Sponsor Type: OTHER
• Responsible Party: SPONSOR INVESTIGATOR
• PI Title: Assoc.Prof.

Study Record Dates

• First Submitted: April 22, 2026
• First Posted: October 9, 2026
• Study Start: January 6, 2015
• Primary Completion: April 8, 2015
• Study Completion: July 7, 2015
• Last Updated: October 9, 2026

Record last verified: 2026-10

Data Sharing

• IPD Sharing: Will not share